Exam 16: Brains and Behavior

In the paper wasp, although all females in a nest are physiologically capable of reproducing, a single female monopolizes almost all reproduction, while other females help rear her offspring. In some nests, female helpers are unrelated to the reproducing female. The most likely explanation for this is that these helpers gain ________ benefits, such as ________.

What evidence does not support the hypothesis of independent evolution of the nervous system in ctenophores?

When population density is high and food availability is low, stress steroids are elevated in snowshoe hares, preventing females from reproducing. A biologist argues that this mechanism has evolved because it keeps the population from overexploiting its food resources and driving itself to eventual extinction. Do you agree with this argument? Why or why not?

How does a Venus flytrap respond to stimuli?

The earliest nervous system fossils are from a little over half a billion years ago, yet the earliest fossilized life is known from 3.5 billion years ago. Do you think behavior could have emerged before the origin of a nervous system? Give examples to support your answer.

How are memories created in the sea slug Aplysia?

What does the following figure on aggressive behavior in foxes suggest?

Which of the following is an incorrect pairing of genes and associated behaviors?

Myelin is to a neuron as

Researchers think that the animal nervous system evolved through the co-opting of genes with other functions, such as cell-to-cell communication. This is an example of

How did Tinbergen test the innate pecking behavior in herring gull chicks?

Which of the following is not a part of the human brain?

What is true about species with complex cognition?

Based on Kawecki's experiments on learning in fruit flies, would you expect fast learning to more readily evolve in populations characterized by high or low extrinsic mortality (assuming that it does provide an advantage)? Explain your reasoning.

How might a behavior affect fitness?

Why is it important to avoid anthropomorphism?

Which of the following statements is not accurate?

How do mountain laurels, Kalmia latifolia, behave in response to pollinators?

What do sensory maps of the human somatosensory cortex show?

The figure below shows the amount of time it takes pigeons in groups of varying size to respond to a potential predator. Based on this graph, pigeons experience what benefit from grouping?