Question 1

What are two areas of the brain in which neurons die off in old age? What memory systems are affected by this neural loss?

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: The main los

Question 2

Give an example of something an elderly person should be able to learn or remember as well as a young adult, and something an elderly person should NOT be able to learn or remember as well as a young adult. Identify the memory systems involved in each of these memories.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Things an elderly pers

Question 3

Twin studies suggest that:

Accepted Answer

A)  genes play a very minor role in determining our learning and memory abilities. 
B)  genes play a strong role in determining our learning and memory abilities. 
C)  identical twins are no more similar than are fraternal twins on a variety of learning and memory measures. 
D)  the environment plays a very minor role in determining our learning and memory abilities. 
A)  genes play a very minor role in determining our learning and memory abilities. 
B)  genes play a strong role in determining our learning and memory abilities. 
C)  identical twins are no more similar than are fraternal twins on a variety of learning and memory measures. 
D)  the environment plays a very minor role in determining our learning and memory abilities.

Question 4

The study of mechanisms by which gene expression can be modified is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  genetics. 
B)  eurythmic. 
C)  biorhythms. 
D)  epigenetics. 
A)  genetics. 
B)  eurythmic. 
C)  biorhythms. 
D)  epigenetics.

Question 5

Humans are able to differentiate particular pairs of speech sounds:

Accepted Answer

A)  only if they are exposed to the sounds before they are about 8 months old. 
B)  if they are exposed to the sounds sometime during their childhood. 
C)  if they have a great deal of exposure to the sounds as an adult. 
D)  only if they are exposed to the sounds before they are born. 
A)  only if they are exposed to the sounds before they are about 8 months old. 
B)  if they are exposed to the sounds sometime during their childhood. 
C)  if they have a great deal of exposure to the sounds as an adult. 
D)  only if they are exposed to the sounds before they are born.

Question 6

Deficits in working memory in old age may be due to loss of neurons in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  basal ganglia. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  prefrontal cortex. 
D)  hippocampus. 
A)  basal ganglia. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  prefrontal cortex. 
D)  hippocampus.

Question 7

The technique of elicited imitation is used for assessing memories in infants because infants:

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot use language to respond in standard recall and recognition tests. 
B)  do not respond to classical-conditioning situations. 
C)  cannot perceive sounds well enough to learn them. 
D)  learn more rapidly than older children do. 
A)  cannot use language to respond in standard recall and recognition tests. 
B)  do not respond to classical-conditioning situations. 
C)  cannot perceive sounds well enough to learn them. 
D)  learn more rapidly than older children do.

Question 8

Imagine that one's friend is about to give birth to her first child. Explain to that friend why she should not spend her money on classical music CDs that claim to improve babies' intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Mention the original r

Question 9

Working memory develops _____ and decays _____ than other memory systems.

Accepted Answer

A)  earlier; earlier 
B)  earlier; later 
C)  later; later 
D)  later; earlier 
A)  earlier; earlier 
B)  earlier; later 
C)  later; later 
D)  later; earlier

Question 10

In old age:

Accepted Answer

A)  neurons in the hippocampus are lost. 
B)  neurogenesis no longer occurs. 
C)  LTP may become unstable. 
D)  neurons in the cerebellum are not lost. 
A)  neurons in the hippocampus are lost. 
B)  neurogenesis no longer occurs. 
C)  LTP may become unstable. 
D)  neurons in the cerebellum are not lost.

Question 11

In children, the dominant process in language learning is _____, while in adults it is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  semantic memory; social imitation 
B)  semantic memory; episodic memory 
C)  social imitation; semantic memory 
D)  social imitation; episodic memory 
A)  semantic memory; social imitation 
B)  semantic memory; episodic memory 
C)  social imitation; semantic memory 
D)  social imitation; episodic memory

Question 12

Studies in which infants were conditioned to kick at a mobile to make it move showed that infants:

Accepted Answer

A)  as young as 2 months could learn this response. 
B)  needed reminders in order to remember the response the next day. 
C)  maintained the response despite changes in context. 
D)  could remember the response for several weeks without any reminders. 
A)  as young as 2 months could learn this response. 
B)  needed reminders in order to remember the response the next day. 
C)  maintained the response despite changes in context. 
D)  could remember the response for several weeks without any reminders.

Question 13

A naturally occurring variant of a gene is referred to as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  variant. 
B)  abnormality. 
C)  allele. 
D)  Val allele. 
A)  variant. 
B)  abnormality. 
C)  allele. 
D)  Val allele.

Question 14

Which statement is TRUE regarding mental exercise and Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mental inactivity has been shown to cause Alzheimer's disease. 
B)  Alzheimer's disease has been shown to cause people to be less mentally active. 
C)  Alzheimer's disease has been shown to cause people to be more mentally active. 
D)  There is currently not enough evidence to determine whether mental exercise protects against Alzheimer's disease. 
A)  Mental inactivity has been shown to cause Alzheimer's disease. 
B)  Alzheimer's disease has been shown to cause people to be less mentally active. 
C)  Alzheimer's disease has been shown to cause people to be more mentally active. 
D)  There is currently not enough evidence to determine whether mental exercise protects against Alzheimer's disease.

Question 15

Neurofibrillary tangles are:

Accepted Answer

A)  distributed evenly throughout the cortex. 
B)  collapsed proteins that normally hold neurons in place and transport nutrients. 
C)  first accumulated in the cortex of patients with Alzheimer's disease. 
D)  an abnormal byproduct of a common protein. 
A)  distributed evenly throughout the cortex. 
B)  collapsed proteins that normally hold neurons in place and transport nutrients. 
C)  first accumulated in the cortex of patients with Alzheimer's disease. 
D)  an abnormal byproduct of a common protein.

Question 16

During adolescence, a person's digit span:

Accepted Answer

A)  declines from a higher-than-adult capacity. 
B)  has already reached typical adult capacity. 
C)  is still only three or four digits. 
D)  increases until it reaches typical adult capacity. 
A)  declines from a higher-than-adult capacity. 
B)  has already reached typical adult capacity. 
C)  is still only three or four digits. 
D)  increases until it reaches typical adult capacity.

Question 17

The time period in which learning is MOST effective is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  a critical period. 
B)  a sensitive period. 
C)  an imprinting period. 
D)  the gestational age. 
A)  a critical period. 
B)  a sensitive period. 
C)  an imprinting period. 
D)  the gestational age.

Question 18

Learning has been demonstrated to occur in humans beginning:

Accepted Answer

A)  about a week after birth. 
B)  at birth. 
C)  at about 25 weeks gestational age. 
D)  at about 36 weeks gestational age. 
A)  about a week after birth. 
B)  at birth. 
C)  at about 25 weeks gestational age. 
D)  at about 36 weeks gestational age.

Question 19

The research on the development of episodic and semantic memory discussed in the textbook showed that:

Accepted Answer

A)  semantic memory, but not episodic memory, is present in young children. 
B)  episodic memory, but not semantic memory, is present in young children. 
C)  semantic memory seems to develop more slowly than episodic memory. 
D)  episodic memory seems to develop more slowly than semantic memory. 
A)  semantic memory, but not episodic memory, is present in young children. 
B)  episodic memory, but not semantic memory, is present in young children. 
C)  semantic memory seems to develop more slowly than episodic memory. 
D)  episodic memory seems to develop more slowly than semantic memory.

Question 20

Mutations on which genes seem to be associated with early-onset Alzheimer's?

Accepted Answer

A)  APP, PS2, and APOE 
B)  CLU, PICALM, and CR1 
C)  APP, PS1, and PS2 
D)  CLU, PICALM, and APOE 
A)  APP, PS2, and APOE 
B)  CLU, PICALM, and CR1 
C)  APP, PS1, and PS2 
D)  CLU, PICALM, and APOE

What are two areas of the brain in which neurons die off in old age? What memory systems are affected by this neural loss?

Give an example of something an elderly person should be able to learn or remember as well as a young adult, and something an elderly person should NOT be able to learn or remember as well as a young adult. Identify the memory systems involved in each of these memories.

Twin studies suggest that:

The study of mechanisms by which gene expression can be modified is known as:

Humans are able to differentiate particular pairs of speech sounds:

Deficits in working memory in old age may be due to loss of neurons in the:

The technique of elicited imitation is used for assessing memories in infants because infants:

Imagine that one's friend is about to give birth to her first child. Explain to that friend why she should not spend her money on classical music CDs that claim to improve babies' intelligence.

Working memory develops _ and decays _ than other memory systems.

In old age:

In children, the dominant process in language learning is _, while in adults it is _.

Studies in which infants were conditioned to kick at a mobile to make it move showed that infants:

A naturally occurring variant of a gene is referred to as a:

Which statement is TRUE regarding mental exercise and Alzheimer's disease?

Neurofibrillary tangles are:

During adolescence, a person's digit span:

The time period in which learning is MOST effective is known as:

Learning has been demonstrated to occur in humans beginning:

The research on the development of episodic and semantic memory discussed in the textbook showed that:

Mutations on which genes seem to be associated with early-onset Alzheimer's?

Fundamental Themes in the Psychology of Learning and Memory

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization: Learning About Repeated Events

Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict Significant Events

Operant Conditioning: Learning the Outcome of Behaviors

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation Memory Module

Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for Events and for Facts

Skill Memory: Learning by Doing

Working Memory and Cognitive Control Integrative Topics Module

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Filters

Exam 12: Development and Aging: Learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

What are two areas of the brain in which neurons die off in old age? What memory systems are affected by this neural loss?

Give an example of something an elderly person should be able to learn or remember as well as a young adult, and something an elderly person should NOT be able to learn or remember as well as a young adult. Identify the memory systems involved in each of these memories.

Twin studies suggest that:

The study of mechanisms by which gene expression can be modified is known as:

Humans are able to differentiate particular pairs of speech sounds:

Deficits in working memory in old age may be due to loss of neurons in the:

The technique of elicited imitation is used for assessing memories in infants because infants:

Imagine that one's friend is about to give birth to her first child. Explain to that friend why she should not spend her money on classical music CDs that claim to improve babies' intelligence.

Working memory develops _____ and decays _____ than other memory systems.

In old age:

In children, the dominant process in language learning is _____, while in adults it is _____.

Studies in which infants were conditioned to kick at a mobile to make it move showed that infants:

A naturally occurring variant of a gene is referred to as a:

Which statement is TRUE regarding mental exercise and Alzheimer's disease?

Neurofibrillary tangles are:

During adolescence, a person's digit span:

The time period in which learning is MOST effective is known as:

Learning has been demonstrated to occur in humans beginning:

The research on the development of episodic and semantic memory discussed in the textbook showed that:

Mutations on which genes seem to be associated with early-onset Alzheimer's?

Fundamental Themes in the Psychology of Learning and Memory

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization: Learning About Repeated Events

Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict Significant Events

Operant Conditioning: Learning the Outcome of Behaviors

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation Memory Module

Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for Events and for Facts

Skill Memory: Learning by Doing

Working Memory and Cognitive Control Integrative Topics Module

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Filters

Working memory develops _ and decays _ than other memory systems.

In children, the dominant process in language learning is _, while in adults it is _.