Question 1

Muscle cells store energy in the form of ________ until it is used for the production of ATP.

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose 
B)  starch 
C)  glycogen 
D)  glycerol 
E)  sucrose 
A)  glucose 
B)  starch 
C)  glycogen 
D)  glycerol 
E)  sucrose

Question 2

Most cells are small in size to maximize their ________ area with respect to their volume.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most cells are small in size to...

Question 3

The genetic material of a prokaryotic cell is stored in a small nucleus located adjacent to the plasma membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

An organelle that is surrounded by an outer membrane that encloses a folded inner membrane and contains its own DNA is called a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An organelle that is surrounded by an...

Question 5

Match each component of the cell membrane to its description.
-component of plasma membrane that confers rigidity to the membrane

Accepted Answer

A) embedded protein 
B) cholesterol 
C) membrane surface receptor 
D) phospholipid bilayer 
A) embedded protein 
B) cholesterol 
C) membrane surface receptor 
D) phospholipid bilayer

Question 6

Cellular respiration is a multipathway process that converts an organic substrate into cellular energy. The majority of energy in the form of ATP is not synthesized until electrons are transferred by ________ and ________ to the electron transport pathway.

Accepted Answer

A)  coenzyme A; FADH2 
B)  glucose; NADH 
C)  CoA; NADH 
D)  FADH2; NADH 
A)  coenzyme A; FADH2 
B)  glucose; NADH 
C)  CoA; NADH 
D)  FADH2; NADH

Question 7

The movement of large molecules or large quantities of molecules into a cell is accomplished through ________; movement of these molecules out of the cell is accomplished through ________.

Accepted Answer

endocytosi

Question 8

Diet and exercise reduce the number of fat cells as well as the amount of fat stored in each cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

At the end of the electron transport system, oxygen combines with electrons and hydrogen ions to form ________, a waste product.

Accepted Answer

A)  urea 
B)  FAD 
C)  water 
D)  NAD+ 
E)  glucose 
A)  urea 
B)  FAD 
C)  water 
D)  NAD+ 
E)  glucose

Question 10

Using the accompanying figure, identify the organelles of a eukaryotic cell.
-Label D represents a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondrion 
B) centriole 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) ribosome 
E) nucleolus
F)plasma membrane
G)endoplasmic reticulum
H)nucleus 
A) mitochondrion 
B) centriole 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) ribosome 
E) nucleolus
F)plasma membrane
G)endoplasmic reticulum
H)nucleus

Question 11

Which organelle is responsible for removal of other damaged organelles and cellular debris?

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomes 
B)  smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  lysosomes 
D)  centrioles 
E)  mitochondria 
A)  ribosomes 
B)  smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  lysosomes 
D)  centrioles 
E)  mitochondria

Question 12

In which one of the following ways do prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prokaryotic cells have a plasma membrane composed entirely of protein. 
B)  Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other membranous organelles. 
C)  Prokaryotic cells lack DNA, RNA, and ribosomes. 
D)  Prokaryotic cells have cytoplasm that is bounded by a cell membrane. 
E)  Prokaryotic cells have cytoplasm but lack a cell membrane. 
A)  Prokaryotic cells have a plasma membrane composed entirely of protein. 
B)  Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other membranous organelles. 
C)  Prokaryotic cells lack DNA, RNA, and ribosomes. 
D)  Prokaryotic cells have cytoplasm that is bounded by a cell membrane. 
E)  Prokaryotic cells have cytoplasm but lack a cell membrane.

Question 13

Immediately after a meal, which one of the following is first used by cells as an energy source?

Accepted Answer

A)  fat 
B)  glycogen 
C)  lactic acid 
D)  amino acids 
E)  glucose 
A)  fat 
B)  glycogen 
C)  lactic acid 
D)  amino acids 
E)  glucose

Question 14

To move solutes like amino acids into a cell by active transport, the cell

Accepted Answer

A)  must possess appropriate transport proteins in the plasma membrane. 
B)  must have a net gain in energy resulting from active transport. 
C)  maintains a lower concentration of the amino acids in the cytoplasm. 
D)  must move water out of the cytoplasm at the same time. 
A)  must possess appropriate transport proteins in the plasma membrane. 
B)  must have a net gain in energy resulting from active transport. 
C)  maintains a lower concentration of the amino acids in the cytoplasm. 
D)  must move water out of the cytoplasm at the same time.

Question 15

________ are long, slender structures that enable a cell, such as a sperm, to swim.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ are long, slender structures that enable...

Question 16

Using the accompanying figure, identify the organelles of a eukaryotic cell.
-Label A represents a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondrion 
B) centriole 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) ribosome 
E) nucleolus
F)plasma membrane
G)endoplasmic reticulum
H)nucleus 
A) mitochondrion 
B) centriole 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) ribosome 
E) nucleolus
F)plasma membrane
G)endoplasmic reticulum
H)nucleus

Question 17

The only way that cells can produce ATP in the absence of oxygen is through the process of ________.

Accepted Answer

glycolysis

Question 18

Molecules pass in and out of the nucleus through openings in the nuclear membrane called nuclear ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Molecules pass in and out of the...

Question 19

The major organelle involved in the detoxification of alcohol is the peroxisome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

If human white blood cells were extracted from the circulatory system and then placed into an isotonic solution, which one of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water will rush into the cells, and the cells will swell and eventually burst. 
B)  Because there is more water outside the cell than inside the cell, an equal amount of water will enter the cell and leave the cell. 
C)  There will be no change in the cells because the isotonic environment is in equilibrium with the cells. 
D)  Because a hypertonic environment is highly acidic, these cells will become acidic as well. 
E)  Water will diffuse out of the cells, and they will decrease in cell volume. 
A)  Water will rush into the cells, and the cells will swell and eventually burst. 
B)  Because there is more water outside the cell than inside the cell, an equal amount of water will enter the cell and leave the cell. 
C)  There will be no change in the cells because the isotonic environment is in equilibrium with the cells. 
D)  Because a hypertonic environment is highly acidic, these cells will become acidic as well. 
E)  Water will diffuse out of the cells, and they will decrease in cell volume.

Exam 3: Structure and Function of Cells

Muscle cells store energy in the form of ________ until it is used for the production of ATP.

Most cells are small in size to maximize their ________ area with respect to their volume.

The genetic material of a prokaryotic cell is stored in a small nucleus located adjacent to the plasma membrane.

An organelle that is surrounded by an outer membrane that encloses a folded inner membrane and contains its own DNA is called a(n) ________.

Match each component of the cell membrane to its description. -component of plasma membrane that confers rigidity to the membrane

Cellular respiration is a multipathway process that converts an organic substrate into cellular energy. The majority of energy in the form of ATP is not synthesized until electrons are transferred by ________ and ________ to the electron transport pathway.

The movement of large molecules or large quantities of molecules into a cell is accomplished through ________; movement of these molecules out of the cell is accomplished through ________.

Diet and exercise reduce the number of fat cells as well as the amount of fat stored in each cell.

At the end of the electron transport system, oxygen combines with electrons and hydrogen ions to form ________, a waste product.

Using the accompanying figure, identify the organelles of a eukaryotic cell. -Label D represents a(n) ________.

Which organelle is responsible for removal of other damaged organelles and cellular debris?

In which one of the following ways do prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells?

Immediately after a meal, which one of the following is first used by cells as an energy source?

To move solutes like amino acids into a cell by active transport, the cell

________ are long, slender structures that enable a cell, such as a sperm, to swim.

Using the accompanying figure, identify the organelles of a eukaryotic cell. -Label A represents a(n) ________.

The only way that cells can produce ATP in the absence of oxygen is through the process of ________.

Molecules pass in and out of the nucleus through openings in the nuclear membrane called nuclear ________.

The major organelle involved in the detoxification of alcohol is the peroxisome.

If human white blood cells were extracted from the circulatory system and then placed into an isotonic solution, which one of the following is most likely to occur?

Human Biology, Science, and Society

The Chemistry of Living Things

From Cells to Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

Blood

Heart and Blood Vessels

The Immune System and Mechanisms of Defense

The Respiratory System: Exchange of Gases

The Nervous System: Integration and Control

Sensory Mechanisms

The Endocrine System

The Digestive System and Nutrition

The Urinary System

Reproductive Systems

Cell Reproduction and Differentiation

Cancer: Uncontrolled Cell Division and Differentiation

Genetics and Inheritance

DNA Technology and Genetic Engineering

Development and Aging

Evolution and the Origins of Life

Ecosystems and Populations

Human Impacts, Biodiversity, and Environmental Issues

Filters

Cellular respiration is a multipathway process that converts an organic substrate into cellular energy. The majority of energy in the form of ATP is not synthesized until electrons are transferred by and to the electron transport pathway.

The movement of large molecules or large quantities of molecules into a cell is accomplished through ; movement of these molecules out of the cell is accomplished through .