Exam 3: Structure and Function of Cells

The enzyme located in the inner mitochondrial membrane that synthesizes ATP is known as ________.

Match each of the following descriptions to the appropriate term. -organelles that position and divide the genetic material during cell division

Using the accompanying figure, identify the organelles of a eukaryotic cell. -Label F represents a(n) ________.

The products of the endoplasmic reticulum are transported to the Golgi apparatus by

Glycolysis occurs in the ________ of a cell, not in mitochondria.

Which one of the following steps in the breakdown of glucose can occur without oxygen?

During a triathlon, many individuals reach a point in which their muscles are in oxygen debt, a state characterized by low or no oxygen available for cellular respiration. Describe how oxygen debt would impact energy production in these athletes.

Chemical reactions that take place in living organisms are collectively known as the organism's ________.

Which one of the following stages in the catabolism of glucose involves the splitting of glucose into two three-carbon molecules?

The accompanying figure illustrates the process of ________, which requires a(n) ________ between two regions in a fluid.

Using the accompanying figure, identify the organelles of a eukaryotic cell. -Label H represents a(n) ________.

Peptides and small proteins are generally too large to be transported into cells using transport proteins or by moving through pores. The macromolecules are brought into the cell using

Which one of the following structures is characteristic of BOTH eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

Cells surrounded by plasma membranes and no cell wall need to maintain a certain cell volume because an influx of water would cause the cell to explode. In order to reduce cell volume, these cells increase the activity of their sodium-potassium pumps.

Many cells use tiny projections of their plasma membrane called ________ to increase the surface area relative to cell volume.

Anabolic reactions result in the ________ of large molecules and therefore ________ energy.

The area surrounding cells outside the plasma membrane is referred to as the ________ environment.

Lysosomes contain enzymes that are so destructive that if the enzymes were released from these organelles, they would damage or kill the cell that contains them.

Which one of the following statements CORRECTLY describes the architecture of a plasma membrane?

All waste, raw materials, and sources of energy for a cell must enter and leave the cell by passing through the plasma membrane.