Exam 3: Structure and Function of Cells

When a runner or other long-distance athlete hits the "wall," the individual is experiencing oxygen debt in muscle cells. In those cells, the pyruvate generated in glycolysis would be expected to be converted to

Nearly every eukaryotic cell

Diffusion of molecules through channels and facilitated transport are types of ________ transport.

The RNA and proteins required for the production of the ribosomes of a cell are produced within the ________, in the nucleus.

Which plasma membrane component provides mechanical strength and maintains the correct amount for rigidity and flexibility?

The synthesis of ATP that occurs using energy derived from the electron transport system is referred to as ________ phosphorylation.

Match each of the following descriptions to the appropriate term. -organelle that stores genetic information of the cell

Cells lining parts of the respiratory tract have numerous short filamentous structures known as ________ on their surfaces, which beat in unison and move materials through the airways.

A student is designing an experiment to show the effects of the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane. He places a highly concentrated saltwater solution into a bag that is permeable only to water. He then submerges the bag into a beaker of pure water. Which one of the following can be expected?

Match each of the following descriptions to the appropriate term. -stack of flattened membranes; site where cell products are modified and prepared for secretion from the cell

The accompanying figure shows a portion of the cell membrane. Which one of the following processes does it depict?

Match each component of the cell membrane to its description. -component of plasma membrane through which a small, nonpolar molecule is most likely to pass

Polar molecules cannot pass across a plasma membrane through the lipid bilayer because they are not soluble in lipids.

Match each of the following descriptions to the appropriate term. -extensions of cell membrane that increase surface area of the cell

The phospholipids, proteins, and cholesterol in the plasma membrane are firmly bonded to each other via covalent bonds, lending strength and appropriate rigidity to the membrane.

The net diffusion of water across a plasma membrane is known as ________.

Match each of the following descriptions to the appropriate term. -organelle that produces RNA used to make ribosomes

Using the accompanying figure, identify the organelles of a eukaryotic cell. -Label G represents a(n) ________.

Receptor proteins can receive and transmit information across a ________ membrane.

Cells get their energy from the ________ of molecules, such as ATP, that store energy.