Question 1

The kingdoms included in the Linnaeus system of classification are

Accepted Answer

A)  Prokaryotae and Protista. 
B)  Fungi and Protista. 
C)  Animalia and Plantae. 
D)  Animalia and Prokaryotae. 
E)  Protista and Plantae. 
A)  Prokaryotae and Protista. 
B)  Fungi and Protista. 
C)  Animalia and Plantae. 
D)  Animalia and Prokaryotae. 
E)  Protista and Plantae.

Question 2

The most appropriate unit of measurement for intact archaea is the

Accepted Answer

A)  nanometer (nm). 
B)  millimeter (mm). 
C)  meter (m). 
D)  centimeter (cm). 
E)  micrometer (µm). 
A)  nanometer (nm). 
B)  millimeter (mm). 
C)  meter (m). 
D)  centimeter (cm). 
E)  micrometer (µm).

Question 3

A cell's G + C ratio is associated with which of the following classification methods?

Accepted Answer

A)  biochemical tests 
B)  analysis of nucleic acids 
C)  physical characteristics 
D)  serological tests 
E)  phage typing 
A)  biochemical tests 
B)  analysis of nucleic acids 
C)  physical characteristics 
D)  serological tests 
E)  phage typing

Question 4

The process of immobilizing organisms on a glass slide through the application of either heat or chemicals is (staining/mordant/fixation).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process of immobilizing organisms on a...

Question 5

A resolution of 1µm would be better than a resolution of 0.5 µm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Tannic acid is a mordant (chemical fixative) used in the _ stain.

Accepted Answer

A)  flagellar 
B)  acid- fast 
C)  electron microscopy 
D)  negative 
E)  endospore 
A)  flagellar 
B)  acid- fast 
C)  electron microscopy 
D)  negative 
E)  endospore

Question 7

Gram staining of bacteria provides all the physical characterization necessary to identify bacterial species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Light rays that pass through the edge of a curved lens will be refracted more than those that pass through the center.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Heat is used to drive the stain into cells in the staining procedure(s).

Accepted Answer

A)  endospore stain 
B)  capsule stain 
C)  Gram stain 
D)  acid- fast stain 
E)  both acid- fast and endospore stains 
A)  endospore stain 
B)  capsule stain 
C)  Gram stain 
D)  acid- fast stain 
E)  both acid- fast and endospore stains

Question 10

A (monocular/binocular/compound) microscope has a single ocular lens.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A (monocular/binocular/compound) microscope has a single ocular...

Question 11

In a compound microscope, the lens that directs light through the specimen is the (ocular/condenser/objective) lens.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a compound microscope, the lens that...

Question 12

All of the following are types of light microscopes EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  scanning tunneling. 
B)  bright- field. 
C)  phase- contrast. 
D)  confocal. 
E)  fluorescent. 
A)  scanning tunneling. 
B)  bright- field. 
C)  phase- contrast. 
D)  confocal. 
E)  fluorescent.

Question 13

A virologist wants to observe the surface features of virus particles she is studying. Which of the following microscopes would NOT be useful for her observations?

Accepted Answer

A)  differential interference contrast 
B)  atomic force 
C)  transmission electron 
D)  scanning electron 
E)  scanning tunneling 
A)  differential interference contrast 
B)  atomic force 
C)  transmission electron 
D)  scanning electron 
E)  scanning tunneling

Question 14

A sample is prepared using osmium tetroxide as a stain. This sample has been prepared for a(n) microscope.

Accepted Answer

A)  atomic force 
B)  differential interference contrast 
C)  phase- contrast 
D)  electron 
E)  fluorescence 
A)  atomic force 
B)  differential interference contrast 
C)  phase- contrast 
D)  electron 
E)  fluorescence

Question 15

The ability of a lens to gather light is referred to as its

Accepted Answer

A)  contrast. 
B)  refraction. 
C)  numerical aperture. 
D)  magnification. 
E)  resolution. 
A)  contrast. 
B)  refraction. 
C)  numerical aperture. 
D)  magnification. 
E)  resolution.

Question 16

Bacterial viruses, called (bacteriophages/phages /bacteriotypes), can be used to help classify different groups of bacteria.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bacterial viruses, called (bacteriophages/phages /bacteriotypes), can be...

Question 17

The Gram stain can be used to distinguish bacteria based on the structure of their cell walls.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Bacteria and many other microbes do not _ _ and therefore do not fit Linneaus' definition species.

Accepted Answer

A)  exchange genetic material 
B)  have nuclei 
C)  reproduce sexually 
D)  reproduce asexually 
E)  have cytoplasmic membranes 
A)  exchange genetic material 
B)  have nuclei 
C)  reproduce sexually 
D)  reproduce asexually 
E)  have cytoplasmic membranes

Question 19

Why have some microbiologists proposed using ribosomal RNA as the basis for defining bacterial species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria are not interbreeding populations, and ribosomal RNAs are highly conserved genes present in all prokaryotes. 
B)  Ribosomal RNAs are highly conserved genetic sequences present in all prokaryotes. 
C)  Ribosomal RNA is the basis for domain assignment. 
D)  Bacteria vary too little in their physical and biochemical traits. 
E)  The "interbreeding population" criterion does not apply to bacteria. 
A)  Bacteria are not interbreeding populations, and ribosomal RNAs are highly conserved genes present in all prokaryotes. 
B)  Ribosomal RNAs are highly conserved genetic sequences present in all prokaryotes. 
C)  Ribosomal RNA is the basis for domain assignment. 
D)  Bacteria vary too little in their physical and biochemical traits. 
E)  The "interbreeding population" criterion does not apply to bacteria.

Question 20

Methylene blue can be used to stain DNA because it

Accepted Answer

A)  changes the pH and therefore the structure of DNA. 
B)  is an effective fixing agent for nucleic acids. 
C)  covalently bonds with DNA. 
D)  forms ionic bonds with DNA. 
E)  makes DNA electron dense. 
A)  changes the pH and therefore the structure of DNA. 
B)  is an effective fixing agent for nucleic acids. 
C)  covalently bonds with DNA. 
D)  forms ionic bonds with DNA. 
E)  makes DNA electron dense.

Exam 4: Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

The kingdoms included in the Linnaeus system of classification are

The most appropriate unit of measurement for intact archaea is the

A cell's G + C ratio is associated with which of the following classification methods?

The process of immobilizing organisms on a glass slide through the application of either heat or chemicals is (staining/mordant/fixation).

A resolution of 1µm would be better than a resolution of 0.5 µm.

Tannic acid is a mordant (chemical fixative) used in the _ stain.

Gram staining of bacteria provides all the physical characterization necessary to identify bacterial species.

Light rays that pass through the edge of a curved lens will be refracted more than those that pass through the center.

Heat is used to drive the stain into cells in the staining procedure(s).

A (monocular/binocular/compound) microscope has a single ocular lens.

In a compound microscope, the lens that directs light through the specimen is the (ocular/condenser/objective) lens.

All of the following are types of light microscopes EXCEPT

A virologist wants to observe the surface features of virus particles she is studying. Which of the following microscopes would NOT be useful for her observations?

A sample is prepared using osmium tetroxide as a stain. This sample has been prepared for a(n) microscope.

The ability of a lens to gather light is referred to as its

Bacterial viruses, called (bacteriophages/phages /bacteriotypes), can be used to help classify different groups of bacteria.

The Gram stain can be used to distinguish bacteria based on the structure of their cell walls.

Bacteria and many other microbes do not _ _ and therefore do not fit Linneaus' definition species.

Why have some microbiologists proposed using ribosomal RNA as the basis for defining bacterial species?

Methylene blue can be used to stain DNA because it

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant Dna Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Disease, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Pathogenic Gram-Positive Bacteria

Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli

Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios

Pathogenic Fungi

Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors

Pathogenic Dna Viruses

Pathogenic Rna Viruses

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

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