Question 1

Each positive acute phase reactant below is paired correctly with its function except

Accepted Answer

A) alpha- 1- antitrypsin/neutralize elastase released by neutrophils. 
B) complement/group of proteins that when activated can lyse target cells. 
C) fibrinogen/activation of fibroblast cells. 
D) haptoglobin/binds free hemoglobin and transports it to the liver. 
E) C- reactive protein/opsonin and complement activation. 
A) alpha- 1- antitrypsin/neutralize elastase released by neutrophils. 
B) complement/group of proteins that when activated can lyse target cells. 
C) fibrinogen/activation of fibroblast cells. 
D) haptoglobin/binds free hemoglobin and transports it to the liver. 
E) C- reactive protein/opsonin and complement activation. C

Question 2

The process by which neutrophils leave blood vessels, squeezing between the endothelial cells to enter the tissues, is called

Accepted Answer

A) phagocytosis. 
B) margination. 
C) chemotaxis. 
D) diapedesis. 
E) opsonization. 
A) phagocytosis. 
B) margination. 
C) chemotaxis. 
D) diapedesis. 
E) opsonization. D

Question 3

Which of the following can function as antigen presenting cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Dendritic cells 
B) B cells 
C) Macrophages 
D) All of the above 
A) Dendritic cells 
B) B cells 
C) Macrophages 
D) All of the above D

Question 4

Which statement below is TRUE regarding B lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

A) B cells are taught to discriminate "self" antigens from "non- self" antigens in the thymus. 
B) B cell antibody response is generally very effective against viruses contained within host cells. 
C) When mature B lymphocytes are released from the bone marrow, they begin secreting antibody. 
D) B memory cells can live for years and reactivate quickly if they encounter the same antigen. 
E) All of the above. 
A) B cells are taught to discriminate "self" antigens from "non- self" antigens in the thymus. 
B) B cell antibody response is generally very effective against viruses contained within host cells. 
C) When mature B lymphocytes are released from the bone marrow, they begin secreting antibody. 
D) B memory cells can live for years and reactivate quickly if they encounter the same antigen. 
E) All of the above.

Question 5

Natural killer lymphocytes may be distinguished from other lymphocytes because they

Accepted Answer

A) possess the CD56 and CD16 cell surface markers. 
B) lack the CD3 cell surface marker. 
C) are more likely to appear as larger lymphocytes with a few azurphilic granules. 
D) lack immunoglobulin and specific antigen receptors. 
E) All of the above. 
A) possess the CD56 and CD16 cell surface markers. 
B) lack the CD3 cell surface marker. 
C) are more likely to appear as larger lymphocytes with a few azurphilic granules. 
D) lack immunoglobulin and specific antigen receptors. 
E) All of the above.

Question 6

Neutrophils have receptors for which portion of the antibody molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) C5a 
B) Fc (constant fragment) 
C) Fab (antigen binding fragment) 
D) Mannose- binding lectin (MBL) 
A) C5a 
B) Fc (constant fragment) 
C) Fab (antigen binding fragment) 
D) Mannose- binding lectin (MBL)

Question 7

All of the following are chemotactic compounds except

Accepted Answer

A) cytokines released by activated white cells at an inflammatory site. 
B) cebris from damaged host cells. 
C) complement C3b. 
D) certain bacterial products. 
A) cytokines released by activated white cells at an inflammatory site. 
B) cebris from damaged host cells. 
C) complement C3b. 
D) certain bacterial products.

Question 8

Which tissue(s)below is (are)considered primary lymphoid tissue? (Choose as many as apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Thymus 
B) Lymph nodes 
C) Peyer's patches 
D) Spleen 
E) Bone marrow 
A) Thymus 
B) Lymph nodes 
C) Peyer's patches 
D) Spleen 
E) Bone marrow

Question 9

T lymphocytes can react directly against foreign antigens they encounter. For example, if they encounter a bacterium, they will be stimulated to cytotoxic activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Fibronectin, C- reactive protein, antibodies, and complement fragment C3b can all function as opsonins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

If complement is activated because mannose- binding lectin in the plasma attaches to specific carbohydrate structures on a microbe, this is called the ________ pathway of complement activation.

Accepted Answer

mannose- b

Question 12

Outline the basic steps in the gene rearrangement necessary to produce the T cell antigen receptor and state how this contributes to the ability of T cells to respond to various antigens.

Accepted Answer

The T cell antigen receptor contains two

Question 13

Each chemical below is paired correctly with its antimicrobial effect except

Accepted Answer

A) interferon/activation of cellular immunity and inhibition of viral replication. 
B) lactoferrin/binds complex carbohydrates (like lactose)so that organism can't utilize it. 
C) fibronectin/when bound to bacterial cells walls, promotes phagocytosis. 
D) transferrin/binds iron so that organisms can't utilize it. 
E) lysozyme/degrades bacterial cell walls. 
A) interferon/activation of cellular immunity and inhibition of viral replication. 
B) lactoferrin/binds complex carbohydrates (like lactose)so that organism can't utilize it. 
C) fibronectin/when bound to bacterial cells walls, promotes phagocytosis. 
D) transferrin/binds iron so that organisms can't utilize it. 
E) lysozyme/degrades bacterial cell walls.

Question 14

Which item below is most resistant to phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Red blood cell coated with antibody 
B) Unencapsulated Gram positive rod 
C) Fungal spore 
D) Encapsulated Gram negative coccus 
E) Dead neutrophil 
A) Red blood cell coated with antibody 
B) Unencapsulated Gram positive rod 
C) Fungal spore 
D) Encapsulated Gram negative coccus 
E) Dead neutrophil

Question 15

Briefly describe positive and negative selection of T cells in the thymus.

Accepted Answer

T cells respond to antigen that is prese

Question 16

If a lymphocyte possesses the markers CD2, CD3, and CD8, it is probably a ________.

Accepted Answer

T cytotoxi

Question 17

How does normal microbial flora on the human body prevent infection?

Accepted Answer

A) Its presence stimulates lysozyme secretions. 
B) Its presence stimulates acute phase reaction proteins. 
C) Its secretions maintain a low pH inhibitory to most pathogens. 
D) Its presence reduces nutrients and space needed for pathogens to grow. 
E) All of the above. 
A) Its presence stimulates lysozyme secretions. 
B) Its presence stimulates acute phase reaction proteins. 
C) Its secretions maintain a low pH inhibitory to most pathogens. 
D) Its presence reduces nutrients and space needed for pathogens to grow. 
E) All of the above.

Question 18

There are five basic steps of phagocytosis. List them and briefly describe them.

Accepted Answer

Chemotaxis-phagocytes are chemically att

Question 19

How is increased tissue fluid in an inflamed site beneficial?

Accepted Answer

A) It brings nutrients to white blood cells in the area. 
B) It dilutes toxins that are present. 
C) It brings humoral immune system components such as complement and antibodies. 
D) It brings coagulation proteins for fibrin formation and localization of the problem. 
E) All of the above. 
A) It brings nutrients to white blood cells in the area. 
B) It dilutes toxins that are present. 
C) It brings humoral immune system components such as complement and antibodies. 
D) It brings coagulation proteins for fibrin formation and localization of the problem. 
E) All of the above.

Question 20

The cytokine that activates macrophages, inhibits viral replication, and increases MHC Class I expression is interferon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Each positive acute phase reactant below is paired correctly with its function except

The process by which neutrophils leave blood vessels, squeezing between the endothelial cells to enter the tissues, is called

Which of the following can function as antigen presenting cells?

Which statement below is TRUE regarding B lymphocytes?

Natural killer lymphocytes may be distinguished from other lymphocytes because they

Neutrophils have receptors for which portion of the antibody molecule?

All of the following are chemotactic compounds except

Which tissue(s)below is (are)considered primary lymphoid tissue? (Choose as many as apply.)

T lymphocytes can react directly against foreign antigens they encounter. For example, if they encounter a bacterium, they will be stimulated to cytotoxic activity.

Fibronectin, C- reactive protein, antibodies, and complement fragment C3b can all function as opsonins.

If complement is activated because mannose- binding lectin in the plasma attaches to specific carbohydrate structures on a microbe, this is called the ________ pathway of complement activation.

Outline the basic steps in the gene rearrangement necessary to produce the T cell antigen receptor and state how this contributes to the ability of T cells to respond to various antigens.

Each chemical below is paired correctly with its antimicrobial effect except

Which item below is most resistant to phagocytosis?

Briefly describe positive and negative selection of T cells in the thymus.

If a lymphocyte possesses the markers CD2, CD3, and CD8, it is probably a ________.

How does normal microbial flora on the human body prevent infection?

There are five basic steps of phagocytosis. List them and briefly describe them.

How is increased tissue fluid in an inflamed site beneficial?

The cytokine that activates macrophages, inhibits viral replication, and increases MHC Class I expression is interferon.

What Is Immunology

Immunoglobulins

Infection and Immunity: Hostparasite Relationships

The Complement System

Hypersensitivity

Immunologic Detection of Infectious Diseases

Autoimmune Diseases and Immunodeficiency Disorders

Transplant Immunology

Tumor Immunology

Clinical Applications of Flow Cytometry

Hybridization Techniques

Amplification Techniques

Molecular Applications in Cytogenetics

Histocompatibility Laboratory Techniques and Applications

Filters

Exam 2: Overview of the Immune System

Each positive acute phase reactant below is paired correctly with its function except

The process by which neutrophils leave blood vessels, squeezing between the endothelial cells to enter the tissues, is called

Which of the following can function as antigen presenting cells?

Which statement below is TRUE regarding B lymphocytes?

Natural killer lymphocytes may be distinguished from other lymphocytes because they

Neutrophils have receptors for which portion of the antibody molecule?

All of the following are chemotactic compounds except

Which tissue(s)below is (are)considered primary lymphoid tissue? (Choose as many as apply.)

T lymphocytes can react directly against foreign antigens they encounter. For example, if they encounter a bacterium, they will be stimulated to cytotoxic activity.

Fibronectin, C- reactive protein, antibodies, and complement fragment C3b can all function as opsonins.

If complement is activated because mannose- binding lectin in the plasma attaches to specific carbohydrate structures on a microbe, this is called the ________ pathway of complement activation.

Outline the basic steps in the gene rearrangement necessary to produce the T cell antigen receptor and state how this contributes to the ability of T cells to respond to various antigens.

Each chemical below is paired correctly with its antimicrobial effect except

Which item below is most resistant to phagocytosis?

Briefly describe positive and negative selection of T cells in the thymus.

If a lymphocyte possesses the markers CD2, CD3, and CD8, it is probably a ________.

How does normal microbial flora on the human body prevent infection?

There are five basic steps of phagocytosis. List them and briefly describe them.

How is increased tissue fluid in an inflamed site beneficial?

The cytokine that activates macrophages, inhibits viral replication, and increases MHC Class I expression is interferon.

What Is Immunology

Immunoglobulins

Infection and Immunity: Hostparasite Relationships

The Complement System

Hypersensitivity

Immunologic Detection of Infectious Diseases

Autoimmune Diseases and Immunodeficiency Disorders

Transplant Immunology

Tumor Immunology

Clinical Applications of Flow Cytometry

Hybridization Techniques

Amplification Techniques

Molecular Applications in Cytogenetics

Histocompatibility Laboratory Techniques and Applications

Filters