Question 1

On- site laboratory inspection for accreditation of HLA testing laboratories must occur a minimum of every

Accepted Answer

A) 2 years. 
B) 1 year. 
C) 5 years. 
D) 6 months. 
A) 2 years. 
B) 1 year. 
C) 5 years. 
D) 6 months. A

Question 2

In a complement dependent cytotoxicity assay used for HLA antigen typing, which dye can be used to identify cells that have been lysed by corresponding antibody?

Accepted Answer

A) Ethidium bromide 
B) Fluorescein isothiocyanate 
C) Acridinium chloride 
D) Carbonylmethyl fluorescein diacetate 
A) Ethidium bromide 
B) Fluorescein isothiocyanate 
C) Acridinium chloride 
D) Carbonylmethyl fluorescein diacetate A

Question 3

Although flow cytometry donor:recipient cross- matching is not as sensitive as the traditional complement dependent cytotoxicity assays, it is widely used because it is automated and significantly reduces turnaround time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

For quality control purposes, which reagent below must be tested against the antibody screening panel to insure that it lacks HLA antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A) Trypan blue 
B) Complement 
C) Protein supplement 
D) Antiglobulin 
A) Trypan blue 
B) Complement 
C) Protein supplement 
D) Antiglobulin

Question 5

Observe the flow cytometry cross- match protocol in the table and interpret it. FITC is fluoroscein isothiocyanate which fluoresces green, and PE stands for phycoerythrin which fluoresces red.

Accepted Answer

A) This is a positive B cell cross- match. 
B) This procedure must be repeated because it was performed incorrectly. 
C) This procedure must be repeated because no fluorescence was detected in tube 1. 
D) This procedure must be repeated because both fluorochromes were detected in tube 2. 
E) This is a positive T cell cross- match. 
A) This is a positive B cell cross- match. 
B) This procedure must be repeated because it was performed incorrectly. 
C) This procedure must be repeated because no fluorescence was detected in tube 1. 
D) This procedure must be repeated because both fluorochromes were detected in tube 2. 
E) This is a positive T cell cross- match.

Question 6

Can sodium oxalate and EDTA be used for HLA typing, antibody identification, and cross- matching by conventional serologic methods?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes, as long as the specimen is kept at room temperature. 
B) Yes, as long as the specimen is kept at 2-6° C. 
C) No, because EDTA and oxalate chelate Mg++ and Ca++. 
D) No, because EDTA and oxalate are toxic to white blood cells. 
A) Yes, as long as the specimen is kept at room temperature. 
B) Yes, as long as the specimen is kept at 2-6° C. 
C) No, because EDTA and oxalate chelate Mg++ and Ca++. 
D) No, because EDTA and oxalate are toxic to white blood cells.

Question 7

Describe the technique of the mixed lymphocyte culture reaction (MLC).

Accepted Answer

When live lymphocytes recognize foreign

Question 8

The specimen required from a transplant recipient to do panel reactive HLA antibody testing and crossmatching with donor cells is ________ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of The specimen required from a transplant recipient...

Question 9

List three ways that T and B cells can be separated from each other using mononuclear cell preparations.

Accepted Answer

1. T cells possess the CD2 receptor that

Question 10

The regulatory body for HLA testing for transplant programs is

Accepted Answer

A) College of American Pathologists. 
B) Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy. 
C) American Society of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics. 
D) United Network for Organ Sharing. 
A) College of American Pathologists. 
B) Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy. 
C) American Society of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics. 
D) United Network for Organ Sharing.

Question 11

One of the most frequent reasons for death after a progenitor cell transplant is graft versus host disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

When DNA is extracted from a sample for HLA typing, the purity of the sample is best determined by the ratio of the sample's absorbance at 260 and 280 nm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

HLA labs that support transplant programs can be accredited by

Accepted Answer

A) Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. 
B) American Society of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics (ASHI). 
C) College of American Pathologists (CAP). 
D) American Association of Blood Banks (AAB
B) . 
E) All of the above 
A) Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. 
B) American Society of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics (ASHI). 
C) College of American Pathologists (CAP). 
D) American Association of Blood Banks (AAB
B) . 
E) All of the above

Question 14

A high resolution HLA sequence- specific primer PCR reaction was done in a 96 well microtiter plate. Each well contains primers to a different HLA allele and the same primers to a sequence of DNA to be used as an internal control. A negative control consists of distilled water left in an open tube during the specimen processing. After PCR, the contents of each well were electrophoresed and visualized on gel. Which finding automatically indicates a potentially invalid reaction that requires repeat analysis?

Accepted Answer

A) In the well that an HLA- A gene amplified, the control sequence also amplified (i.e., two bands were visible). 
B) Two different alleles for the HLA- A locus were amplified. 
C) An allele determined by PCR does not match the allele determined by classic serology. 
D) No bands were visualized in the negative control. 
E) An allele identified by the high resolution procedure does not match the allele identified by the low- resolution procedure. 
A) In the well that an HLA- A gene amplified, the control sequence also amplified (i.e., two bands were visible). 
B) Two different alleles for the HLA- A locus were amplified. 
C) An allele determined by PCR does not match the allele determined by classic serology. 
D) No bands were visualized in the negative control. 
E) An allele identified by the high resolution procedure does not match the allele identified by the low- resolution procedure.

Question 15

If ethidium bromide is used as the supravital dye in a complement dependent cytotoxicity assay, then cells injured by HLA antibody will appear orange.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In which situation below is transplant contraindicated?

Accepted Answer

A) Heart transplant recipient with negative T cell cross- match and positive B cell cross- match with donor cells. 
B) Kidney transplant recipient with positive T cell cross- match and negative B cell cross- match with donor cells. 
C) Liver transplant recipient with negative T cell cross- match and positive B cell cross- match with donor cells. 
D) All of the above. 
A) Heart transplant recipient with negative T cell cross- match and positive B cell cross- match with donor cells. 
B) Kidney transplant recipient with positive T cell cross- match and negative B cell cross- match with donor cells. 
C) Liver transplant recipient with negative T cell cross- match and positive B cell cross- match with donor cells. 
D) All of the above.

Question 17

An advantage of performing HLA cross- matches using flow cytometry is that

Accepted Answer

A) flow cytometers are considerably less expensive than fluorescent microscopes. 
B) Both T and B cell cross- matches can be performed in one tube. 
C) the completed cross- match tubes can be stored for about a week until analysis is convenient. 
D) viable cells are not required. 
A) flow cytometers are considerably less expensive than fluorescent microscopes. 
B) Both T and B cell cross- matches can be performed in one tube. 
C) the completed cross- match tubes can be stored for about a week until analysis is convenient. 
D) viable cells are not required.

Question 18

Panel reactive antibody testing for preexisting HLA antibodies is not done on recipient's ________

Accepted Answer

A) liver. 
B) progenitor (stem)cell. 
C) heart. 
D) kidney. 
A) liver. 
B) progenitor (stem)cell. 
C) heart. 
D) kidney.

Question 19

How can transplant recipients acquire HLA antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A) Blood transfusion 
B) Prior organ transplant 
C) Pregnancy 
D) All of the above 
A) Blood transfusion 
B) Prior organ transplant 
C) Pregnancy 
D) All of the above

Question 20

List the steps in a complement dependent cytotoxicity assay used for HLA antigen typing.

Accepted Answer

A complement dependent cytotoxicity assa

On- site laboratory inspection for accreditation of HLA testing laboratories must occur a minimum of every

In a complement dependent cytotoxicity assay used for HLA antigen typing, which dye can be used to identify cells that have been lysed by corresponding antibody?

Although flow cytometry donor:recipient cross- matching is not as sensitive as the traditional complement dependent cytotoxicity assays, it is widely used because it is automated and significantly reduces turnaround time.

For quality control purposes, which reagent below must be tested against the antibody screening panel to insure that it lacks HLA antibodies?

Observe the flow cytometry cross- match protocol in the table and interpret it. FITC is fluoroscein isothiocyanate which fluoresces green, and PE stands for phycoerythrin which fluoresces red.

Can sodium oxalate and EDTA be used for HLA typing, antibody identification, and cross- matching by conventional serologic methods?

Describe the technique of the mixed lymphocyte culture reaction (MLC).

The specimen required from a transplant recipient to do panel reactive HLA antibody testing and crossmatching with donor cells is ________ .

List three ways that T and B cells can be separated from each other using mononuclear cell preparations.

The regulatory body for HLA testing for transplant programs is

One of the most frequent reasons for death after a progenitor cell transplant is graft versus host disease.

When DNA is extracted from a sample for HLA typing, the purity of the sample is best determined by the ratio of the sample's absorbance at 260 and 280 nm.

HLA labs that support transplant programs can be accredited by

If ethidium bromide is used as the supravital dye in a complement dependent cytotoxicity assay, then cells injured by HLA antibody will appear orange.

In which situation below is transplant contraindicated?

An advantage of performing HLA cross- matches using flow cytometry is that

Panel reactive antibody testing for preexisting HLA antibodies is not done on recipient's ________

How can transplant recipients acquire HLA antibodies?

List the steps in a complement dependent cytotoxicity assay used for HLA antigen typing.

What Is Immunology

Overview of the Immune System

Immunoglobulins

Infection and Immunity: Hostparasite Relationships

The Complement System

Hypersensitivity

Immunologic Detection of Infectious Diseases

Autoimmune Diseases and Immunodeficiency Disorders

Transplant Immunology

Tumor Immunology

Clinical Applications of Flow Cytometry

Hybridization Techniques

Amplification Techniques

Molecular Applications in Cytogenetics

Filters

Exam 15: Histocompatibility Laboratory Techniques and Applications

On- site laboratory inspection for accreditation of HLA testing laboratories must occur a minimum of every

In a complement dependent cytotoxicity assay used for HLA antigen typing, which dye can be used to identify cells that have been lysed by corresponding antibody?

Although flow cytometry donor:recipient cross- matching is not as sensitive as the traditional complement dependent cytotoxicity assays, it is widely used because it is automated and significantly reduces turnaround time.

For quality control purposes, which reagent below must be tested against the antibody screening panel to insure that it lacks HLA antibodies?

Observe the flow cytometry cross- match protocol in the table and interpret it. FITC is fluoroscein isothiocyanate which fluoresces green, and PE stands for phycoerythrin which fluoresces red.

Can sodium oxalate and EDTA be used for HLA typing, antibody identification, and cross- matching by conventional serologic methods?

Describe the technique of the mixed lymphocyte culture reaction (MLC).

The specimen required from a transplant recipient to do panel reactive HLA antibody testing and crossmatching with donor cells is ________ .

List three ways that T and B cells can be separated from each other using mononuclear cell preparations.

The regulatory body for HLA testing for transplant programs is

One of the most frequent reasons for death after a progenitor cell transplant is graft versus host disease.

When DNA is extracted from a sample for HLA typing, the purity of the sample is best determined by the ratio of the sample's absorbance at 260 and 280 nm.

HLA labs that support transplant programs can be accredited by

If ethidium bromide is used as the supravital dye in a complement dependent cytotoxicity assay, then cells injured by HLA antibody will appear orange.

In which situation below is transplant contraindicated?

An advantage of performing HLA cross- matches using flow cytometry is that

Panel reactive antibody testing for preexisting HLA antibodies is not done on recipient's ________

How can transplant recipients acquire HLA antibodies?

List the steps in a complement dependent cytotoxicity assay used for HLA antigen typing.

What Is Immunology

Overview of the Immune System

Immunoglobulins

Infection and Immunity: Hostparasite Relationships

The Complement System

Hypersensitivity

Immunologic Detection of Infectious Diseases

Autoimmune Diseases and Immunodeficiency Disorders

Transplant Immunology

Tumor Immunology

Clinical Applications of Flow Cytometry

Hybridization Techniques

Amplification Techniques

Molecular Applications in Cytogenetics

Filters