Question 1

Which of the following groups is crucial to the structure and function of the sex hormones estrogen and testosterone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lipids 
B)  Carbohydrates 
C)  Nucleic acids 
D)  Proteins 
A)  Lipids 
B)  Carbohydrates 
C)  Nucleic acids 
D)  Proteins

Question 2

Carbon provides a backbone for a variety of biological molecules. Carbon can typically form _________covalent bonds.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carbon provides a backbone for a variety...

Question 3

The four polypeptides that are joined together to make functional hemoglobin represent which level of protein organization?

Accepted Answer

A)  Quaternary structure 
B)  Secondary structure 
C)  Primary structure 
D)  Tertiary structure 
A)  Quaternary structure 
B)  Secondary structure 
C)  Primary structure 
D)  Tertiary structure

Question 4

The fiber in your diet is actually

Accepted Answer

A)  starch. 
B)  protein. 
C)  ATP. 
D)  cellulose. 
E)  glycogen. 
A)  starch. 
B)  protein. 
C)  ATP. 
D)  cellulose. 
E)  glycogen.

Question 5

Enzymes are specialized_________ that catalyze chemical reactions within the body.

Accepted Answer

A)  lipids 
B)  proteins 
C)  carbohydrates 
D)  nucleic acids 
A)  lipids 
B)  proteins 
C)  carbohydrates 
D)  nucleic acids

Question 6

A peptide bond forms between which of these groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carboxyl and aldehyde 
B)  Hydroxyl and carboxyl 
C)  Phosphate and hydroxyl 
D)  Carboxyl and amino 
E)  Amino and aldehyde 
A)  Carboxyl and aldehyde 
B)  Hydroxyl and carboxyl 
C)  Phosphate and hydroxyl 
D)  Carboxyl and amino 
E)  Amino and aldehyde

Question 7

All of the following are polysaccharides EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  chitin. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  starch. 
D)  glycogen. 
A)  chitin. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  starch. 
D)  glycogen.

Question 8

What do carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  All are inorganic molecules. 
B)  All are important enzymes that function within the cell. 
C)  Covalent bonding holds these molecules together. 
D)  Polymers of these organic molecules form monomers via dehydration synthesis reactions. 
A)  All are inorganic molecules. 
B)  All are important enzymes that function within the cell. 
C)  Covalent bonding holds these molecules together. 
D)  Polymers of these organic molecules form monomers via dehydration synthesis reactions.

Question 9

Scientists consider prions to be ʺpuzzlingʺ proteins. Which of the following is TRUE about prions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prions are proteins that are denatured more easily than most proteins. 
B)  Prions are proteins that cause nearby proteins to change shape and become infectious. 
C)  Prions are noninfectious proteins. 
D)  Prions are infectious proteins that cannot be denatured by any amount of heat. 
A)  Prions are proteins that are denatured more easily than most proteins. 
B)  Prions are proteins that cause nearby proteins to change shape and become infectious. 
C)  Prions are noninfectious proteins. 
D)  Prions are infectious proteins that cannot be denatured by any amount of heat.

Question 10

Phospholipids have hydrophilic tail regions and hydrophobic head regions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What are the four major types of biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

carbohydrates, lipid

Question 12

In dehydration synthesis, the atoms that make up a water molecule come from

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates. 
B)  oxygen. 
C)  both of the reactants. 
D)  enzymes. 
E)  only one of the reactants. 
A)  carbohydrates. 
B)  oxygen. 
C)  both of the reactants. 
D)  enzymes. 
E)  only one of the reactants.

Question 13

Why can cows break down cellulose into glucose subunits, but humans cannot?

Accepted Answer

Cows lack the ability to break

Question 14

When the level of glucose in your blood is high, your body is able to store excess glucose in the liver by forming glycogen. When blood glucose levels fall, this stored glucose can be released. Based on this information, which of the following is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycogen is a highly branched functional group that forms a larger glucose polymer. 
B)  Glycogen is a polysaccharide formed by joining excess monosaccharides of glucose. 
C)  Glucose is a polysaccharide that can join to form the monosaccharide glycogen. 
D)  Glucose is not an organic molecule, but glycogen is an organic molecule. 
A)  Glycogen is a highly branched functional group that forms a larger glucose polymer. 
B)  Glycogen is a polysaccharide formed by joining excess monosaccharides of glucose. 
C)  Glucose is a polysaccharide that can join to form the monosaccharide glycogen. 
D)  Glucose is not an organic molecule, but glycogen is an organic molecule.

Question 15

Many biological molecules are formed by the joining of monomer units in a(n)_________reaction (removal of water); the reverse process is called_________ .

Accepted Answer

dehydratio

Question 16

What property of phospholipids makes them important in cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have a polar end and a nonpolar end. 
B)  They contain nucleic acids. 
C)  They are found only in animals. 
D)  They are an important energy carrier molecule. 
E)  They are part of DNA. 
A)  They have a polar end and a nonpolar end. 
B)  They contain nucleic acids. 
C)  They are found only in animals. 
D)  They are an important energy carrier molecule. 
E)  They are part of DNA.

Question 17

Lard is a solid fat at room temperature. What does this tell you about the triglycerides in lard?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lard is composed of unsaturated fats. 
B)  Lard is composed of saturated fats. 
C)  The fats in lard are mostly phospholipids. 
D)  The fats in lard are not organic molecules. 
A)  Lard is composed of unsaturated fats. 
B)  Lard is composed of saturated fats. 
C)  The fats in lard are mostly phospholipids. 
D)  The fats in lard are not organic molecules.

Question 18

Which of the following reactions is an example of dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cellulose → glucose 
B)  Peptide → alanine + glycine 
C)  Fat → fatty acids + glycerol 
D)  Glucose + galactose → lactose 
E)  Glycogen → glucose subunits 
A)  Cellulose → glucose 
B)  Peptide → alanine + glycine 
C)  Fat → fatty acids + glycerol 
D)  Glucose + galactose → lactose 
E)  Glycogen → glucose subunits

Question 19

Important biological molecules that have a carbon backbone bonded to hydrogen atoms are considered to be_________ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Important biological molecules that have a carbon...

Question 20

As shown in this figure, the top triglyceride (a) has_________ , whereas the bottom triglyceride (b) has _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  double bonds and is saturated; no double and/or triple bonds and is unsaturated 
B)  no double bonds and is saturated; double and/or triple bonds and is unsaturated 
C)  double bonds and is unsaturated; no double and/or triple bonds and is saturated 
D)  no double bonds and is unsaturated; double and/or triple bonds and is saturated 
A)  double bonds and is saturated; no double and/or triple bonds and is unsaturated 
B)  no double bonds and is saturated; double and/or triple bonds and is unsaturated 
C)  double bonds and is unsaturated; no double and/or triple bonds and is saturated 
D)  no double bonds and is unsaturated; double and/or triple bonds and is saturated

Exam 3: Biological Molecules

Which of the following groups is crucial to the structure and function of the sex hormones estrogen and testosterone?

Carbon provides a backbone for a variety of biological molecules. Carbon can typically form _________covalent bonds.

The four polypeptides that are joined together to make functional hemoglobin represent which level of protein organization?

The fiber in your diet is actually

Enzymes are specialized_________ that catalyze chemical reactions within the body.

A peptide bond forms between which of these groups?

All of the following are polysaccharides EXCEPT

What do carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins have in common?

Scientists consider prions to be ʺpuzzlingʺ proteins. Which of the following is TRUE about prions?

Phospholipids have hydrophilic tail regions and hydrophobic head regions.

What are the four major types of biological molecules?

In dehydration synthesis, the atoms that make up a water molecule come from

Why can cows break down cellulose into glucose subunits, but humans cannot?

When the level of glucose in your blood is high, your body is able to store excess glucose in the liver by forming glycogen. When blood glucose levels fall, this stored glucose can be released. Based on this information, which of the following is TRUE?

Many biological molecules are formed by the joining of monomer units in a(n)_________reaction (removal of water); the reverse process is called_________ .

What property of phospholipids makes them important in cell membranes?

Lard is a solid fat at room temperature. What does this tell you about the triglycerides in lard?

Which of the following reactions is an example of dehydration synthesis?

Important biological molecules that have a carbon backbone bonded to hydrogen atoms are considered to be_________ .

As shown in this figure, the top triglyceride (a) has_________ , whereas the bottom triglyceride (b) has _________.

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

Filters

Many biological molecules are formed by the joining of monomer units in a(n)_reaction (removal of water); the reverse process is called_ .

As shown in this figure, the top triglyceride (a) has_ , whereas the bottom triglyceride (b) has _.