Question 1

When 1 gram of each of these food sources is consumed, which yields the greatest amount of energy in calories?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phenylalanine 
B)  Polypeptide 
C)  Fat 
D)  Sucrose 
E)  Glucose 
A)  Phenylalanine 
B)  Polypeptide 
C)  Fat 
D)  Sucrose 
E)  Glucose

Question 2

HDL and LDL are different types of cholesterol found in the blood. These compounds are

Accepted Answer

A)  lipids. 
B)  carbohydrates. 
C)  nucleic acids. 
D)  proteins. 
A)  lipids. 
B)  carbohydrates. 
C)  nucleic acids. 
D)  proteins.

Question 3

Cholesterol, testosterone, and estrogen are examples of

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins. 
B)  nucleic acids. 
C)  waxes. 
D)  fatty acids. 
E)  steroids. 
A)  proteins. 
B)  nucleic acids. 
C)  waxes. 
D)  fatty acids. 
E)  steroids.

Question 4

What type of chemical reaction results in the breakdown of organic polymers into their respective subunits?

Accepted Answer

A)  Condensation 
B)  Ionization 
C)  Oxidation 
D)  Hydrolysis 
A)  Condensation 
B)  Ionization 
C)  Oxidation 
D)  Hydrolysis

Question 5

Which of the following categories includes monosaccharide monomers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbohydrates 
B)  Lipids 
C)  Nucleic acids 
D)  Proteins 
A)  Carbohydrates 
B)  Lipids 
C)  Nucleic acids 
D)  Proteins

Question 6

Fats and oils are made of

Accepted Answer

A)  three amino acids and one glycerol. 
B)  three glycerols and three fatty acids. 
C)  two fatty acids and one carboxyl acid. 
D)  three fatty acids and one glycerol. 
E)  one glycogen and two phospholipids. 
A)  three amino acids and one glycerol. 
B)  three glycerols and three fatty acids. 
C)  two fatty acids and one carboxyl acid. 
D)  three fatty acids and one glycerol. 
E)  one glycogen and two phospholipids.

Question 7

Proteins are constructed using how many different amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  1,000 
B)  4 
C)  20 
D)  100 
E)  More than 5,000 
A)  1,000 
B)  4 
C)  20 
D)  100 
E)  More than 5,000

Question 8

What are the two main functions of carbohydrates in a living system? Give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

energy storage (gluc

Question 9

Your friend is trying to learn about how to kill bacteria. She reads that preservatives such as citric acid are added to foods because the acidic environment kills bacteria by denaturing their proteins. She thinks this sounds like a lot of scientific jargon and asks you what it means. How can you explain it in simpler terms?

Accepted Answer

A)  The acid causes the cells to swell and burst open, also known as denaturation. 
B)  Denaturing their proteins means that the proteins in bacteria are converted into carbohydrates. 
C)  Denaturing refers to the fact that the bacterial cells divide too quickly and die. 
D)  Denaturing means that the proteins of the bacteria lose their structure and canʹt function, so the bacteria die. 
A)  The acid causes the cells to swell and burst open, also known as denaturation. 
B)  Denaturing their proteins means that the proteins in bacteria are converted into carbohydrates. 
C)  Denaturing refers to the fact that the bacterial cells divide too quickly and die. 
D)  Denaturing means that the proteins of the bacteria lose their structure and canʹt function, so the bacteria die.

Question 10

The linear arrangement of amino acids in a polypeptide chain is referred to as the_________ structure of the protein.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The linear arrangement of amino acids in...

Question 11

The specific function of a protein is determined by the

Accepted Answer

A)  fatty acids that are joined together in the polypeptide. 
B)  number of peptide bonds it contains. 
C)  hydrophilic head attached to the hydrophobic tail. 
D)  number of disulfide bonds. 
E)  exact sequence of amino acids. 
A)  fatty acids that are joined together in the polypeptide. 
B)  number of peptide bonds it contains. 
C)  hydrophilic head attached to the hydrophobic tail. 
D)  number of disulfide bonds. 
E)  exact sequence of amino acids.

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE about waxes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are a type of complex carbohydrate. 
B)  They are saturated fats and are solid at normal outdoor temperatures. 
C)  They are unsaturated and most similar to proteins. 
D)  They are an important food source, and most animals have enzymes for breaking them down. 
A)  They are a type of complex carbohydrate. 
B)  They are saturated fats and are solid at normal outdoor temperatures. 
C)  They are unsaturated and most similar to proteins. 
D)  They are an important food source, and most animals have enzymes for breaking them down.

Question 13

You have curly hair, and your brother has straight hair. Describe how the proteins of your curly hair are different from the proteins of his straight hair.

Accepted Answer

The keratin proteins in your curly hair

Question 14

The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Formation of a glycosidic bond 
B)  Removal of a water molecule 
C)  Addition of a water molecule 
D)  Both removal of a water molecule and formation of a hydrogen bond 
E)  Formation of a hydrogen bond 
A)  Formation of a glycosidic bond 
B)  Removal of a water molecule 
C)  Addition of a water molecule 
D)  Both removal of a water molecule and formation of a hydrogen bond 
E)  Formation of a hydrogen bond

Question 15

Which of the following biological molecules possess large nonpolar regions, making them insoluble in water?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbohydrates 
B)  Lipids 
C)  Proteins 
D)  Nucleic acids 
A)  Carbohydrates 
B)  Lipids 
C)  Proteins 
D)  Nucleic acids

Question 16

Which of the following provides long-term energy storage for plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose 
B)  Cellulose 
C)  Glycogen 
D)  Starch 
E)  ATP 
A)  Glucose 
B)  Cellulose 
C)  Glycogen 
D)  Starch 
E)  ATP

Question 17

Maltose is made from

Accepted Answer

A)  two glucose molecules. 
B)  glucose and galactose. 
C)  two peptides. 
D)  glucose and fructose. 
A)  two glucose molecules. 
B)  glucose and galactose. 
C)  two peptides. 
D)  glucose and fructose.

Question 18

Lactose is a disaccharide of glucose and galactose, and its digestion requires the actions of the enzyme lactase. If lactose is eaten as part of the diet but is not digested by lactase, this sugar is then metabolized by bacteria in the intestine, leading to the symptoms of lactose intolerance. Lactose intolerance, therefore, results from a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of hydrolysis of lactose. 
B)  low blood lactose level. 
C)  lack of dehydration synthesis of lactose. 
D)  inability of the body to produce lactose. 
A)  lack of hydrolysis of lactose. 
B)  low blood lactose level. 
C)  lack of dehydration synthesis of lactose. 
D)  inability of the body to produce lactose.

Exam 3: Biological Molecules

When 1 gram of each of these food sources is consumed, which yields the greatest amount of energy in calories?

HDL and LDL are different types of cholesterol found in the blood. These compounds are

Cholesterol, testosterone, and estrogen are examples of

What type of chemical reaction results in the breakdown of organic polymers into their respective subunits?

Which of the following categories includes monosaccharide monomers?

Fats and oils are made of

Proteins are constructed using how many different amino acids?

What are the two main functions of carbohydrates in a living system? Give an example of each.

The linear arrangement of amino acids in a polypeptide chain is referred to as the_________ structure of the protein.

The specific function of a protein is determined by the

Which of the following is TRUE about waxes?

You have curly hair, and your brother has straight hair. Describe how the proteins of your curly hair are different from the proteins of his straight hair.

The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires which of the following?

Which of the following biological molecules possess large nonpolar regions, making them insoluble in water?

Which of the following provides long-term energy storage for plants?

Maltose is made from

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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