Question 1

A bat?s wing and a sheep?s front leg are __________structures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A bat?s wing and a sheep?s front...

Question 2

The amino acid sequences of human and chimpanzee hemoglobin are almost identical, yet they differ considerably from the sequence of the hemoglobin of dogs. This fact

Accepted Answer

A)  neither supports nor opposes the theory of evolution. 
B)  supports the theory of evolution. 
C)  opposes the theory of evolution. 
A)  neither supports nor opposes the theory of evolution. 
B)  supports the theory of evolution. 
C)  opposes the theory of evolution.

Question 3

If the weather in Virginia changed so dramatically that there was snow on the ground most of the year, what would occur in the local squirrel population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural selection could not change the population of squirrels in response to such climatic changes. 
B)  If a mutation occurred that caused white fur to develop, such white squirrels would likely survive and reproduce better than gray squirrels. 
C)  Evolution would produce white squirrels because white squirrels survive and reproduce better than squirrels of any other color. 
D)  The change in the weather would cause a mutation that makes their fur white, resulting in white squirrels that survive and reproduce better than gray squirrels. 
E)  Natural selection would cause a new gene to appear in the population, resulting in squirrels growing white fur when there is snow on the ground and growing gray fur at other times. 
A)  Natural selection could not change the population of squirrels in response to such climatic changes. 
B)  If a mutation occurred that caused white fur to develop, such white squirrels would likely survive and reproduce better than gray squirrels. 
C)  Evolution would produce white squirrels because white squirrels survive and reproduce better than squirrels of any other color. 
D)  The change in the weather would cause a mutation that makes their fur white, resulting in white squirrels that survive and reproduce better than gray squirrels. 
E)  Natural selection would cause a new gene to appear in the population, resulting in squirrels growing white fur when there is snow on the ground and growing gray fur at other times.

Question 4

Platoʹs view of species

Accepted Answer

A)  allowed for limited evolution within species. 
B)  recognized that each individual in a species is unique. 
C)  included species that do not actually exist. 
D)  did not allow for evolutionary change. 
E)  was similar to the modern concept of evolution. 
A)  allowed for limited evolution within species. 
B)  recognized that each individual in a species is unique. 
C)  included species that do not actually exist. 
D)  did not allow for evolutionary change. 
E)  was similar to the modern concept of evolution.

Question 5

The idea that physical changes I make to myself will be passed on to my children was proposed by

Accepted Answer

A)  Plato. 
B)  Darwin. 
C)  Lamarck. 
D)  Lyell. 
E)  Cuvier. 
A)  Plato. 
B)  Darwin. 
C)  Lamarck. 
D)  Lyell. 
E)  Cuvier.

Question 6

How does the fossil record support the theory of evolution?

Accepted Answer

In a geological formation, the youngest

Question 7

There were biologists before Darwin who proposed mechanisms for evolution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Neither Wallace nor Darwin discussed genes when describing natural selection. Why?

Accepted Answer

Neither genes nor DNA had been

Question 9

A farmer noticed that two of her cotton plants produce cotton with a slight greenish hue. By repeatedly crossing the greenish plants, she has produced a variety of deep-green cotton without the use of any dyes. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  convergent evolution. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  artificial mutation. 
D)  artificial selection. 
E)  inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
A)  convergent evolution. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  artificial mutation. 
D)  artificial selection. 
E)  inheritance of acquired characteristics.

Question 10

Fish in a local lake have a mixture of brown and green scales and are found throughout the lake. Over a 5-year period, the lake develops more plant growth and an exotic predatory frog is introduced. What change would you expect to see in the original fish population?

Accepted Answer

A)  No visible changes will occur in the fish population. 
B)  The fish will develop to resemble the introduced frog. 
C)  Brown-scaled fish will become more common. 
D)  Fish that prefer the unvegetated areas of the lake will become more common. 
E)  The fish with green scales will become more common. 
A)  No visible changes will occur in the fish population. 
B)  The fish will develop to resemble the introduced frog. 
C)  Brown-scaled fish will become more common. 
D)  Fish that prefer the unvegetated areas of the lake will become more common. 
E)  The fish with green scales will become more common.

Question 11

A population of grasshoppers in the Kansas prairie has two color types: green and brown. Typically, the prairie receives enough rainfall to maintain healthy, green grass. Assume a bird species that eats grasshoppers moves into the prairie. How will this affect the natural selection of the grasshoppers? How might this change in a drought year, when the grass turns brown?

Accepted Answer

The brown phenotype may be more easily d

Question 12

The controlled breeding of domestic plants and animals by humans to produce certain physical traits in those organisms is called

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection. 
B)  physical selection. 
C)  agricultural selection. 
D)  artificial selection. 
A)  natural selection. 
B)  physical selection. 
C)  agricultural selection. 
D)  artificial selection.

Question 13

What biochemical clues support the idea that all living things evolved from one common ancestor?

Accepted Answer

All cells identified to date u

Question 14

Sea squirts and lampreys, which are closely related aquatic animals, have a perforated pharynx, a ventral heart, and a notochord at some stage of development. These similarities are best explained by

Accepted Answer

A)  the ʺLadder of Nature.ʺ 
B)  uniformitarianism. 
C)  artificial selection. 
D)  a common ancestry. 
E)  inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
A)  the ʺLadder of Nature.ʺ 
B)  uniformitarianism. 
C)  artificial selection. 
D)  a common ancestry. 
E)  inheritance of acquired characteristics.

Question 15

Boa constrictors have tiny pelvic girdles and leg bones inside their bodies. Because these structures are nonfunctional ʺevolutionary baggage,ʺ they are called

Accepted Answer

A)  analogous. 
B)  vestigial. 
C)  homologous. 
D)  convergent. 
E)  maladaptive. 
A)  analogous. 
B)  vestigial. 
C)  homologous. 
D)  convergent. 
E)  maladaptive.

Question 16

The fact that whales have pelvic and leg bones leads to the conclusion that

Accepted Answer

A)  they probably evolved from fish. 
B)  ancestral whales had legs. 
C)  having a pelvis is advantageous. 
D)  whales should have functional legs. 
E)  whales did not evolve by natural selection. 
A)  they probably evolved from fish. 
B)  ancestral whales had legs. 
C)  having a pelvis is advantageous. 
D)  whales should have functional legs. 
E)  whales did not evolve by natural selection.

Question 17

Pelvic bones in snakes and whales are __________structures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pelvic bones in snakes and whales are...

Question 18

Some of Darwinʹs most important discoveries were based on studies of birds and tortoises that he observed in

Accepted Answer

A)  Ecuador. 
B)  the Galápagos Islands. 
C)  the Bahamas. 
D)  Jamaica. 
E)  Tahiti. 
A)  Ecuador. 
B)  the Galápagos Islands. 
C)  the Bahamas. 
D)  Jamaica. 
E)  Tahiti.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT one of Darwinʹs postulates?

Accepted Answer

A)  Through natural selection, individuals with useful traits survive longest and leave the most offspring 
B)  In each generation, some individuals reproduce and others donʹt. 
C)  Luck is an important factor in determining the fate of individuals. 
D)  Some of the differences seen in a population result from characteristics passed from parent to offspring. 
E)  There is variation among members of a population. 
A)  Through natural selection, individuals with useful traits survive longest and leave the most offspring 
B)  In each generation, some individuals reproduce and others donʹt. 
C)  Luck is an important factor in determining the fate of individuals. 
D)  Some of the differences seen in a population result from characteristics passed from parent to offspring. 
E)  There is variation among members of a population.

Question 20

The human upper arm bone (the humerus) is structurally similar to the upper wing bone of a bat. The structural similarity is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  analogous structures. 
B)  vestigial structures. 
C)  homologous structures. 
D)  adaptation. 
E)  mutation. 
A)  analogous structures. 
B)  vestigial structures. 
C)  homologous structures. 
D)  adaptation. 
E)  mutation.

Exam 15: Principles of Evolution

A bat?s wing and a sheep?s front leg are __________structures.

The amino acid sequences of human and chimpanzee hemoglobin are almost identical, yet they differ considerably from the sequence of the hemoglobin of dogs. This fact

If the weather in Virginia changed so dramatically that there was snow on the ground most of the year, what would occur in the local squirrel population?

Platoʹs view of species

The idea that physical changes I make to myself will be passed on to my children was proposed by

How does the fossil record support the theory of evolution?

There were biologists before Darwin who proposed mechanisms for evolution.

Neither Wallace nor Darwin discussed genes when describing natural selection. Why?

A farmer noticed that two of her cotton plants produce cotton with a slight greenish hue. By repeatedly crossing the greenish plants, she has produced a variety of deep-green cotton without the use of any dyes. This is an example of

Fish in a local lake have a mixture of brown and green scales and are found throughout the lake. Over a 5-year period, the lake develops more plant growth and an exotic predatory frog is introduced. What change would you expect to see in the original fish population?

The controlled breeding of domestic plants and animals by humans to produce certain physical traits in those organisms is called

What biochemical clues support the idea that all living things evolved from one common ancestor?

Sea squirts and lampreys, which are closely related aquatic animals, have a perforated pharynx, a ventral heart, and a notochord at some stage of development. These similarities are best explained by

Boa constrictors have tiny pelvic girdles and leg bones inside their bodies. Because these structures are nonfunctional ʺevolutionary baggage,ʺ they are called

The fact that whales have pelvic and leg bones leads to the conclusion that

Pelvic bones in snakes and whales are __________structures.

Some of Darwinʹs most important discoveries were based on studies of birds and tortoises that he observed in

Which of the following is NOT one of Darwinʹs postulates?

The human upper arm bone (the humerus) is structurally similar to the upper wing bone of a bat. The structural similarity is an example of

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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