Question 1

In theory, individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to reproduce.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The figure indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  dinosaurs evolved before trilobites. 
B)  trilobites evolved before seed ferns. 
C)  seed ferns evolved before trilobites. 
D)  trilobites ate seed ferns. 
E)  trilobites, seed ferns, and dinosaurs evolved at the same time. 
A)  dinosaurs evolved before trilobites. 
B)  trilobites evolved before seed ferns. 
C)  seed ferns evolved before trilobites. 
D)  trilobites ate seed ferns. 
E)  trilobites, seed ferns, and dinosaurs evolved at the same time.

Question 3

Dandelions in a lawn that is mowed have short flower stalks, whereas those in a field have tall flower stocks. This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  convergent evolution. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  artificial mutation. 
D)  artificial selection. 
E)  inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
A)  convergent evolution. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  artificial mutation. 
D)  artificial selection. 
E)  inheritance of acquired characteristics.

Question 4

If a woman learns to speak many languages, her children will inherit fluency in many languages.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Whose philosophy was based on the ʺideal formʺ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plato 
B)  Cuvier 
C)  Darwin and Wallace 
D)  Darwin 
E)  Lamarck 
A)  Plato 
B)  Cuvier 
C)  Darwin and Wallace 
D)  Darwin 
E)  Lamarck

Question 6

Which trait provides a survival advantage?

Accepted Answer

A)  A horse that lacks the ability to digest either grains or grass 
B)  A brightly colored fish that attracts predators 
C)  A flower that attracts more bees 
D)  A tree that grows shorter than the surrounding trees 
E)  A shrub that loses the ability to make seeds 
A)  A horse that lacks the ability to digest either grains or grass 
B)  A brightly colored fish that attracts predators 
C)  A flower that attracts more bees 
D)  A tree that grows shorter than the surrounding trees 
E)  A shrub that loses the ability to make seeds

Question 7

Which scientist devised the theory of uniformitarianism to account for Earthʹs old age?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cuvier 
B)  Plato 
C)  Darwin 
D)  Lamarck 
E)  Lyell 
A)  Cuvier 
B)  Plato 
C)  Darwin 
D)  Lamarck 
E)  Lyell

Question 8

Through artificial selection, it is possible to select for characteristics that may not be advantageous to the organism in a natural environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A storm blows the four species of finches shown in the figure to a new island that has only small-seeded grasses. Which species is more likely to survive?

Accepted Answer

A)  Species a 
B)  Species b 
C)  Species c 
D)  Species d 
A)  Species a 
B)  Species b 
C)  Species c 
D)  Species d

Question 10

In most geological formations, younger rocks are layered over older rocks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Darwin and__________ both developed and proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Darwin and__________ both developed and proposed the...

Question 12

Which of the following statements about mutations is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mutations occur at random and are by chance. 
B)  Mutations almost always leave the organism worse off than before. 
C)  Mutations are caused by natural selection. 
D)  Mutations are almost always better for the organism. 
E)  Mutations have no effect on the survival and reproduction of an organism. 
A)  Mutations occur at random and are by chance. 
B)  Mutations almost always leave the organism worse off than before. 
C)  Mutations are caused by natural selection. 
D)  Mutations are almost always better for the organism. 
E)  Mutations have no effect on the survival and reproduction of an organism.

Question 13

The wings of insects and bats are __________structures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The wings of insects and bats are...

Question 14

Natural selection can act on a certain trait only if the trait is

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral. 
B)  favorable. 
C)  morphological. 
D)  new. 
E)  heritable. 
A)  behavioral. 
B)  favorable. 
C)  morphological. 
D)  new. 
E)  heritable.

Question 15

Who suggested that giraffes developed their long necks over time by stretching?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wallace 
B)  Lamarck 
C)  Cuvier 
D)  Plato 
E)  Darwin 
A)  Wallace 
B)  Lamarck 
C)  Cuvier 
D)  Plato 
E)  Darwin

Question 16

Most commercial pesticides are effective for only 2 or 3 years because

Accepted Answer

A)  the pests learn to hide when the chemicals are being applied. 
B)  new pests invade the area. 
C)  those pests born with mutations that provide immunity will survive and reproduce. 
D)  the chemicals mutate and become ineffective. 
E)  the chemicals induce mutations that provide immunity. 
A)  the pests learn to hide when the chemicals are being applied. 
B)  new pests invade the area. 
C)  those pests born with mutations that provide immunity will survive and reproduce. 
D)  the chemicals mutate and become ineffective. 
E)  the chemicals induce mutations that provide immunity.

Question 17

Which of the following would you predict would evolve in guppies that are taken from streams in Trinidad with predators and put into streams lacking predators?

Accepted Answer

A)  Male guppies will become less colorful. 
B)  Male guppies will become more colorful. 
C)  Guppies would evolve to have females avoid more colorful males. 
D)  Male guppies will not change in coloration. 
E)  Guppies would evolve to have females prefer less colorful males. 
A)  Male guppies will become less colorful. 
B)  Male guppies will become more colorful. 
C)  Guppies would evolve to have females avoid more colorful males. 
D)  Male guppies will not change in coloration. 
E)  Guppies would evolve to have females prefer less colorful males.

Question 18

Who presented the idea of natural selection to the Linnaean Society in 1858?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lamarck 
B)  Cuvier 
C)  Darwin and Wallace 
D)  Darwin 
E)  Plato 
A)  Lamarck 
B)  Cuvier 
C)  Darwin and Wallace 
D)  Darwin 
E)  Plato

Question 19

Coprolites (animal dung), bones, and impressions of body parts in rocks are called__________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Coprolites (animal dung), bones, and impressions of...

Question 20

Which English economist predicted that the rapid growth of human populations would soon exceed Earthʹs capacity to support it?

Accepted Answer

A)  Malthus 
B)  Mendel 
C)  Hutton 
D)  Wallace 
E)  Lyell 
A)  Malthus 
B)  Mendel 
C)  Hutton 
D)  Wallace 
E)  Lyell

Exam 15: Principles of Evolution

In theory, individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to reproduce.

The figure indicates that

Dandelions in a lawn that is mowed have short flower stalks, whereas those in a field have tall flower stocks. This illustrates

If a woman learns to speak many languages, her children will inherit fluency in many languages.

Whose philosophy was based on the ʺideal formʺ?

Which trait provides a survival advantage?

Which scientist devised the theory of uniformitarianism to account for Earthʹs old age?

Through artificial selection, it is possible to select for characteristics that may not be advantageous to the organism in a natural environment.

A storm blows the four species of finches shown in the figure to a new island that has only small-seeded grasses. Which species is more likely to survive?

In most geological formations, younger rocks are layered over older rocks.

Darwin and__________ both developed and proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection.

Which of the following statements about mutations is TRUE?

The wings of insects and bats are __________structures.

Natural selection can act on a certain trait only if the trait is

Who suggested that giraffes developed their long necks over time by stretching?

Most commercial pesticides are effective for only 2 or 3 years because

Which of the following would you predict would evolve in guppies that are taken from streams in Trinidad with predators and put into streams lacking predators?

Who presented the idea of natural selection to the Linnaean Society in 1858?

Coprolites (animal dung), bones, and impressions of body parts in rocks are called__________.

Which English economist predicted that the rapid growth of human populations would soon exceed Earthʹs capacity to support it?

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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