Question 1

Describe the relationship between introns (size and number) and organismic complexity in eukaryotes.

Accepted Answer

Going from yeast to multicellular eukaryotes, the proportion of genes with
introns increases, the number of introns per gene increases, and the size of the introns increases.

Question 2

What appears to be the range of the number of protein -coding genes per genome in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

5000 to about 45,000

Question 3

There is a general inverse relationship between DNA content and organismic complexity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

The molecular bases for approximately 60 percent of dog inherited diseases are similar or identical to those found in humans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A number of generalizations can be made about the organization of protein -coding genes in bacterial chromosomes. First, the gene density is very high, averaging about
________.

Accepted Answer

one gene p

Question 6

The terms proteomics and genomics mean essentially the same thing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

How are pseudogenes formed?

Accepted Answer

probably through point mutatio

Question 8

What is one major limitation of two -dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE)?

Accepted Answer

A)  When products are separated, they tend to leach out of the gel matrix. 
B)  Only the most abundant products are detected. 
C)  2DGE can be run only on nucleic acids. 
D)  It is extremely costly to execute in a typical molecular biology laboratory. 
E)  2DGE is useful only in separating eukaryotic gene products. 
A)  When products are separated, they tend to leach out of the gel matrix. 
B)  Only the most abundant products are detected. 
C)  2DGE can be run only on nucleic acids. 
D)  It is extremely costly to execute in a typical molecular biology laboratory. 
E)  2DGE is useful only in separating eukaryotic gene products.

Question 9

The term paralog is often used in conjunction with discussions of hemoglobin genes. What does this term mean, and how does it apply to hemoglobin genes?

Accepted Answer

Multiple proteins that arise from single

Question 10

In general, the organization of genes in bacteria is different from that in eukaryotes. In E. coli, approximately 27 percent of all genes are organized into contiguous, functionally related units containing multiple genes under coordinate control that are transcribed as a single unit. Such contiguous gene families are called _.

Accepted Answer

A)  proteomes 
B)  transcriptomes 
C)  pseudogenes 
D)  contigs 
E)  operons 
A)  proteomes 
B)  transcriptomes 
C)  pseudogenes 
D)  contigs 
E)  operons

Question 11

Humans have more DNA and more genes than any other organism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Bacterial genes have introns, and eukaryotic genes lack introns.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Compared with prokaryotic chromosomes, eukaryotic chromosomes are _.

Accepted Answer

A)  large, linear, less densely packed with protein -coding genes, mainly organized in single -gene units with introns 
B)  large, mainly organized in single -gene transcription units without introns 
C)  small, mainly organized in -single gene transcription units with introns 
D)  large, mainly organized in polygenic transcription units without introns 
E)  small, mainly organized in polygenic transcription units without introns 
A)  large, linear, less densely packed with protein -coding genes, mainly organized in single -gene units with introns 
B)  large, mainly organized in single -gene transcription units without introns 
C)  small, mainly organized in -single gene transcription units with introns 
D)  large, mainly organized in polygenic transcription units without introns 
E)  small, mainly organized in polygenic transcription units without introns

Question 14

Present an overview of the gene organization in large -genome plants.

Accepted Answer

Large -genome plants are characterized b

Question 15

What is ELSI?

Accepted Answer

Under the umbrella of the Human Genome P

Question 16

Name the two strategic methods that scientists are using to sequence genomes.

Accepted Answer

clone -by

Question 17

The human genome contains approximately 20,000 protein -coding genes, yet it has the capacity to produce several hundred thousand gene products. What can account for the vast difference in gene number and product number?

Accepted Answer

A)  Much of the DNA is in the form of trinucleotide repeats, thus allowing multiple start sites for different genes. 
B)  There are more introns than exons. 
C)  Alternative splicing occurs. 
D)  Every gene can be read in both directions, and each gene can have inversions and translocations. 
E)  There are more exons than introns. 
A)  Much of the DNA is in the form of trinucleotide repeats, thus allowing multiple start sites for different genes. 
B)  There are more introns than exons. 
C)  Alternative splicing occurs. 
D)  Every gene can be read in both directions, and each gene can have inversions and translocations. 
E)  There are more exons than introns.

Question 18

The Human Genome Project is an international effort to construct a physical map sequence of the approximately 3 billion base pairs in the haploid human genome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The genomic organization of all living creatures is identical.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Intron frequency varies considerably among eukaryotes. Provide a general comparison of intron frequencies in yeast and humans. What about intron size?

Accepted Answer

The entire yeast genome has only about 2

Exam 18: Genomics and Proteomics

Describe the relationship between introns (size and number) and organismic complexity in eukaryotes.

What appears to be the range of the number of protein -coding genes per genome in eukaryotes?

There is a general inverse relationship between DNA content and organismic complexity.

The molecular bases for approximately 60 percent of dog inherited diseases are similar or identical to those found in humans.

A number of generalizations can be made about the organization of protein -coding genes in bacterial chromosomes. First, the gene density is very high, averaging about ________.

The terms proteomics and genomics mean essentially the same thing.

How are pseudogenes formed?

What is one major limitation of two -dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE)?

The term paralog is often used in conjunction with discussions of hemoglobin genes. What does this term mean, and how does it apply to hemoglobin genes?

Humans have more DNA and more genes than any other organism.

Bacterial genes have introns, and eukaryotic genes lack introns.

Compared with prokaryotic chromosomes, eukaryotic chromosomes are _.

Present an overview of the gene organization in large -genome plants.

What is ELSI?

Name the two strategic methods that scientists are using to sequence genomes.

The human genome contains approximately 20,000 protein -coding genes, yet it has the capacity to produce several hundred thousand gene products. What can account for the vast difference in gene number and product number?

The Human Genome Project is an international effort to construct a physical map sequence of the approximately 3 billion base pairs in the haploid human genome.

The genomic organization of all living creatures is identical.

Intron frequency varies considerably among eukaryotes. Provide a general comparison of intron frequencies in yeast and humans. What about intron size?

Introduction to Genetics

Mitosis and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Modifications of Mendelian Ratios

Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes

Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement

Linkage and Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bactierophages

DNA Structure and Analysis

DNA Replication and Recombination

Chromosome Structure and Dna Sequence Organization

The Genetic Code and Transcription

Translation and Proteins

Gene Mutation, Dna Repair, and Transposition

Regulation of Gene Expression

The Genetics of Cancer

Recombinant Dna Technology

Applications and Ethics of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Developmental Genetics

Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits

Population and Evolutionary Genetics

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