Question 1

In situ hybridization allows one to "visualize" the location of labeled RNA or DNA in a tissue or cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

What are minisatellites and microsatellites?

Accepted Answer

Both are highly repetitive, relatively short DNA sequences.

Question 3

The E. coli chromosome is circular and double -stranded DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

That some organisms contain much larger amounts of DNA than are apparently "needed" and that other relatively closely related organisms may have vastly different amounts of DNA is more typical in _.

Accepted Answer

A)  the alphoid rather than the diphloid family 
B)  prokaryotes than in eukaryotes 
C)  RNA viruses than in DNA viruses 
D)  viruses than in bacteria 
E)  eukaryotes than in prokaryotes 
A)  the alphoid rather than the diphloid family 
B)  prokaryotes than in eukaryotes 
C)  RNA viruses than in DNA viruses 
D)  viruses than in bacteria 
E)  eukaryotes than in prokaryotes

Question 5

List several configurations that characterize different viral chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

DNA (single - and do

Question 6

What similarities do bacterial chromosomes have with eukaryotic chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Both have double -stranded DNA

Question 7

Chromatin of eukaryotes is organized into repeating interactions with protein octomers called nucleosomes. Nucleosomes are composed of which class of molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  lipids 
B)  nonhistone chromosomal proteins 
C)  H1 histones 
D)  glycoproteins 
E)  histones 
A)  lipids 
B)  nonhistone chromosomal proteins 
C)  H1 histones 
D)  glycoproteins 
E)  histones

Question 8

Describe the chromosomal conformations of $X174 and polyoma viruses.

Accepted Answer

single -stranded DNA

Question 9

Describe the basic structure of a nucleosome. What is the role of histone H1?

Accepted Answer

Nucleosomes are composed of fo

Question 10

How does a polytene chromosome differ from a typical eukaryotic chromosome?

Accepted Answer

Polytene chromosomes are found in a vari

Question 11

Viral chromosomes exist in a variety of conformations and can be made up of _.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA, RNA, or protein 
B)  protein - or lipid -coding sequences 
C)  DNA or RNA 
D)  DNA only 
E)  RNA only 
A)  DNA, RNA, or protein 
B)  protein - or lipid -coding sequences 
C)  DNA or RNA 
D)  DNA only 
E)  RNA only

Question 12

What is unusual about the amino acid composition of histones? How is the function of histones related to the amino acid composition? Of which histones are nucleosomes
composed?

Accepted Answer

Histones contain large amounts of positi

Question 13

Approximately how much of the mammalian genome is composed of repetitive DNA?

Accepted Answer

About 5 percent to 10 percent

Question 14

In addition to highly repetitive and unique DNA sequences, a third category of DNA sequences exists. What is it called, and which types of elements are involved in it?

Accepted Answer

A)  composite DNA; telomeres and heterochromatin 
B)  multiple gene family DNA; hemoglobin and 5.0S RNA 
C)  dominant DNA; euchromatin and heterochromatin 
D)  moderately repetitive DNA; SINEs, LINEs, and VNTRs 
E)  permissive DNA; centromeres and heterochromatin 
A)  composite DNA; telomeres and heterochromatin 
B)  multiple gene family DNA; hemoglobin and 5.0S RNA 
C)  dominant DNA; euchromatin and heterochromatin 
D)  moderately repetitive DNA; SINEs, LINEs, and VNTRs 
E)  permissive DNA; centromeres and heterochromatin

Question 15

In E. coli, the genetic material is composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  circular, double -stranded RNA 
B)  linear, double -stranded DNA 
C)  RNA and protein 
D)  circular, double -stranded DNA 
E)  polypeptide chains 
A)  circular, double -stranded RNA 
B)  linear, double -stranded DNA 
C)  RNA and protein 
D)  circular, double -stranded DNA 
E)  polypeptide chains

Question 16

In instances in the eukaryotic genome, DNA sequences represent evolutionary vestiges of duplicated copies of genes. What are such regions called and what are their
characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Pseudogenes are duplicated cop

Question 17

Briefly describe the makeup of VNTRs (variable number tandem repeats).

Accepted Answer

VNTRs are repeating DNA sequences of abo

Question 18

What is meant by SINE in terms of chromosome structure? by LINE? Why are they called "repetitive"?

Accepted Answer

SINE = short interspersed elem

Question 19

In contrast with euchromatin, heterochromatin contains more genes and is earlier replicating.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Eukaryotic chromosomes contain two general domains that relate to the degree of
Condensation. These two regions are _.

Accepted Answer

A)  called heterochromatin and euchromatin 
B)  each void of typical protein -coding sequences of DNA 
C)  separated by large stretches of repetitive DNA 
D)  void of introns 
E)  uniform in the genetic information they contain 
A)  called heterochromatin and euchromatin 
B)  each void of typical protein -coding sequences of DNA 
C)  separated by large stretches of repetitive DNA 
D)  void of introns 
E)  uniform in the genetic information they contain

Exam 11: Chromosome Structure and Dna Sequence Organization

In situ hybridization allows one to "visualize" the location of labeled RNA or DNA in a tissue or cell.

What are minisatellites and microsatellites?

The E. coli chromosome is circular and double -stranded DNA.

That some organisms contain much larger amounts of DNA than are apparently "needed" and that other relatively closely related organisms may have vastly different amounts of DNA is more typical in _.

List several configurations that characterize different viral chromosomes.

What similarities do bacterial chromosomes have with eukaryotic chromosomes?

Chromatin of eukaryotes is organized into repeating interactions with protein octomers called nucleosomes. Nucleosomes are composed of which class of molecules?

Describe the chromosomal conformations of $X174 and polyoma viruses.

Describe the basic structure of a nucleosome. What is the role of histone H1?

How does a polytene chromosome differ from a typical eukaryotic chromosome?

Viral chromosomes exist in a variety of conformations and can be made up of _.

What is unusual about the amino acid composition of histones? How is the function of histones related to the amino acid composition? Of which histones are nucleosomes composed?

Approximately how much of the mammalian genome is composed of repetitive DNA?

In addition to highly repetitive and unique DNA sequences, a third category of DNA sequences exists. What is it called, and which types of elements are involved in it?

In E. coli, the genetic material is composed of

In instances in the eukaryotic genome, DNA sequences represent evolutionary vestiges of duplicated copies of genes. What are such regions called and what are their characteristics?

Briefly describe the makeup of VNTRs (variable number tandem repeats).

What is meant by SINE in terms of chromosome structure? by LINE? Why are they called "repetitive"?

In contrast with euchromatin, heterochromatin contains more genes and is earlier replicating.

Eukaryotic chromosomes contain two general domains that relate to the degree of Condensation. These two regions are _.

Introduction to Genetics

Mitosis and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Modifications of Mendelian Ratios

Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes

Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement

Linkage and Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bactierophages

DNA Structure and Analysis

DNA Replication and Recombination

The Genetic Code and Transcription

Translation and Proteins

Gene Mutation, Dna Repair, and Transposition

Regulation of Gene Expression

The Genetics of Cancer

Recombinant Dna Technology

Genomics and Proteomics

Applications and Ethics of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Developmental Genetics

Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits

Population and Evolutionary Genetics

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