Question 1

According to radical behaviorists,

Accepted Answer

A) we can use behavioral observations to infer how the mind works. 
B) internal processes,such as hopes and expectations,are never the causes of behavior. 
C) all important behavioral variations can be traced to genetics. 
D) all behavior can be explained in terms of the id and the ego. 
A) we can use behavioral observations to infer how the mind works. 
B) internal processes,such as hopes and expectations,are never the causes of behavior. 
C) all important behavioral variations can be traced to genetics. 
D) all behavior can be explained in terms of the id and the ego.

Question 2

Pavlov paired the sound from a metronome with the presentation of food and measured the dog's salivation response.Salivation in response to the food is known as the unconditioned response.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

An animal that is made ill 15 minutes after eating a new food will

Accepted Answer

A) fail to associate the food and the illness due to the long delay. 
B) prefer that food to other foods normally in its diet. 
C) not eat any food for several hours,but will then eat the new food and old foods equally. 
D) treat the food as if it were foul-tasting. 
A) fail to associate the food and the illness due to the long delay. 
B) prefer that food to other foods normally in its diet. 
C) not eat any food for several hours,but will then eat the new food and old foods equally. 
D) treat the food as if it were foul-tasting.

Question 4

The process that establishes or strengthens a conditioned response is known as

Accepted Answer

A) the conditional response. 
B) salivation. 
C) acquisition. 
D) classical stimulation. 
A) the conditional response. 
B) salivation. 
C) acquisition. 
D) classical stimulation.

Question 5

Behaviorism began,in part,as a protest against the views of the____________________.
structuralists

Accepted Answer

The answer of Behaviorism began,in part,as a protest against the...

Question 6

What happens during vicarious reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A) Someone experiences an event that was previously associated with an unconditioned reinforcer. 
B) Someone experiences an event that has both reinforcing and punishing properties. 
C) Someone watches someone else do something and receive reinforcement. 
D) Someone receives a reinforcement but fails to pay attention to it. 
A) Someone experiences an event that was previously associated with an unconditioned reinforcer. 
B) Someone experiences an event that has both reinforcing and punishing properties. 
C) Someone watches someone else do something and receive reinforcement. 
D) Someone receives a reinforcement but fails to pay attention to it.

Question 7

The more similar a new stimulus is to the original reinforced stimulus,the more likely is the same response.This phenomenon is known as ____________________.
stimulus generalization

Accepted Answer

stimulus g

Question 8

Spontaneous recovery is a temporary return of an extinguished response after no delay.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

One way in which conditioned taste aversions DIFFER from other learning is that

Accepted Answer

A) animals associate illness with familiar food more easily than with unfamiliar food. 
B) animals learn to avoid food during infancy,but not in adulthood. 
C) animals associate food with illness despite long delays between them. 
D) animals rapidly forget the aversions they learn to foods. 
A) animals associate illness with familiar food more easily than with unfamiliar food. 
B) animals learn to avoid food during infancy,but not in adulthood. 
C) animals associate food with illness despite long delays between them. 
D) animals rapidly forget the aversions they learn to foods.

Question 10

According to social-learning theory

Accepted Answer

A) we learn because of unconditioned reinforcement. 
B) we usually learn because we are classically conditioned by society. 
C) much human learning occurs because of imitation. 
D) operant conditioning is irrelevant for human learning. 
A) we learn because of unconditioned reinforcement. 
B) we usually learn because we are classically conditioned by society. 
C) much human learning occurs because of imitation. 
D) operant conditioning is irrelevant for human learning.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of discrimination in operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A) After you have learned to operate one brand of computer,you quickly learn to operate another brand as well. 
B) You have learned to buy Ida brand potato chips,which are always fresh,and to avoid Hoe brand,which are usually stale. 
C) After you shifted from using one brand of computer to using another,you found that you made certain mistakes when you returned to the first brand. 
D) After you ate some stale potato chips,you found that you were thirstier than usual. 
A) After you have learned to operate one brand of computer,you quickly learn to operate another brand as well. 
B) You have learned to buy Ida brand potato chips,which are always fresh,and to avoid Hoe brand,which are usually stale. 
C) After you shifted from using one brand of computer to using another,you found that you made certain mistakes when you returned to the first brand. 
D) After you ate some stale potato chips,you found that you were thirstier than usual.

Question 12

What is the difference between extinction and forgetting?

Accepted Answer

A) Extinction takes place more slowly. 
B) Extinction takes place in classical conditioning: forgetting takes place in operant conditioning. 
C) Extinction depends on specific experiences;forgetting depends on the passage of time. 
D) Extinction is more lasting. 
A) Extinction takes place more slowly. 
B) Extinction takes place in classical conditioning: forgetting takes place in operant conditioning. 
C) Extinction depends on specific experiences;forgetting depends on the passage of time. 
D) Extinction is more lasting.

Question 13

Rats drink a saccharin solution and then are injected with something that makes them slightly ill.They learn to avoid the saccharin solution.What is unusual about this type of learning?

Accepted Answer

A) Rats learn even if the taste and illness are separated by hours. 
B) Rats show no sign of learning until the taste-illness pairing has been repeated dozens of times. 
C) Rats show no indication of either stimulus generalization or discrimination in this type of learning. 
D) Rats forget this type of learning unless they receive daily practice. 
A) Rats learn even if the taste and illness are separated by hours. 
B) Rats show no sign of learning until the taste-illness pairing has been repeated dozens of times. 
C) Rats show no indication of either stimulus generalization or discrimination in this type of learning. 
D) Rats forget this type of learning unless they receive daily practice.

Question 14

Which kind of learning generally takes place even though the events to be associated are separated by minutes or hours?

Accepted Answer

A) operant conditioning 
B) backward conditioning 
C) classical conditioning 
D) conditioned taste aversion 
A) operant conditioning 
B) backward conditioning 
C) classical conditioning 
D) conditioned taste aversion

Question 15

After several pairings of a beeping sound with an electric shock,a person reacts to the beeping sound by flinching,increased heart rate,and other signs of fear.How could someone extinguish this response?

Accepted Answer

A) Punish the person for any sign of fear. 
B) Wait a long time without either the sound or the shocks. 
C) Present the shocks after some other sound. 
D) Present the beeping sound alone,repeatedly. 
A) Punish the person for any sign of fear. 
B) Wait a long time without either the sound or the shocks. 
C) Present the shocks after some other sound. 
D) Present the beeping sound alone,repeatedly.

Question 16

The major point of the discussion of birdsong learning in the text is that

Accepted Answer

A) unlike mammals,birds learn only through operant conditioning. 
B) it is likely that species evolve their own ways of learning to solve their own unique problems. 
C) psychologists now know that the same principles of learning found in mammals also apply to birds. 
D) this is the only known example (in any species)of classical conditioning without a CS. 
A) unlike mammals,birds learn only through operant conditioning. 
B) it is likely that species evolve their own ways of learning to solve their own unique problems. 
C) psychologists now know that the same principles of learning found in mammals also apply to birds. 
D) this is the only known example (in any species)of classical conditioning without a CS.

Question 17

At which stage of an experiment on operant conditioning does an experimenter make use of shaping?

Accepted Answer

A) at the start of training 
B) after the animal has acquired the response 
C) at the start of extinction 
D) after extinction has taken place 
A) at the start of training 
B) after the animal has acquired the response 
C) at the start of extinction 
D) after extinction has taken place

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a primary reinforcer?

Accepted Answer

A) food 
B) money 
C) a college diploma 
D) praise 
A) food 
B) money 
C) a college diploma 
D) praise

Question 19

What procedure would you use to train your dog to go to the bedroom,pick up your slippers,carry them to your favorite chair,go to the door,get the newspaper,and bring it to you?

Accepted Answer

A) imitation 
B) classical conditioning 
C) vicarious reinforcement 
D) modeling 
A) imitation 
B) classical conditioning 
C) vicarious reinforcement 
D) modeling

Question 20

The goal of radical behaviorism is to explain behavior in terms of:

Accepted Answer

A) mental processes. 
B) brain processes. 
C) genetics and evolution. 
D) simple responses to stimuli. 
A) mental processes. 
B) brain processes. 
C) genetics and evolution. 
D) simple responses to stimuli.

According to radical behaviorists,

Pavlov paired the sound from a metronome with the presentation of food and measured the dog's salivation response.Salivation in response to the food is known as the unconditioned response.

An animal that is made ill 15 minutes after eating a new food will

The process that establishes or strengthens a conditioned response is known as

Behaviorism began,in part,as a protest against the views of the____________________. structuralists

What happens during vicarious reinforcement?

The more similar a new stimulus is to the original reinforced stimulus,the more likely is the same response.This phenomenon is known as ____________________. stimulus generalization

Spontaneous recovery is a temporary return of an extinguished response after no delay.

One way in which conditioned taste aversions DIFFER from other learning is that

According to social-learning theory

Which of the following is an example of discrimination in operant conditioning?

What is the difference between extinction and forgetting?

Rats drink a saccharin solution and then are injected with something that makes them slightly ill.They learn to avoid the saccharin solution.What is unusual about this type of learning?

Which kind of learning generally takes place even though the events to be associated are separated by minutes or hours?

After several pairings of a beeping sound with an electric shock,a person reacts to the beeping sound by flinching,increased heart rate,and other signs of fear.How could someone extinguish this response?

The major point of the discussion of birdsong learning in the text is that

At which stage of an experiment on operant conditioning does an experimenter make use of shaping?

Which of the following is an example of a primary reinforcer?

What procedure would you use to train your dog to go to the bedroom,pick up your slippers,carry them to your favorite chair,go to the door,get the newspaper,and bring it to you?

The goal of radical behaviorism is to explain behavior in terms of:

What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Nature,nurture,and Human Development

Memory

Cognition and Language

Intelligence

Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors,stress,and Health

Social Psychology

Personality

Abnormality,therapy,and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

S 1-16:final Examination

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Exam 6: Learning

According to radical behaviorists,

Pavlov paired the sound from a metronome with the presentation of food and measured the dog's salivation response.Salivation in response to the food is known as the unconditioned response.

An animal that is made ill 15 minutes after eating a new food will

The process that establishes or strengthens a conditioned response is known as

Behaviorism began,in part,as a protest against the views of the____________________. structuralists

What happens during vicarious reinforcement?

The more similar a new stimulus is to the original reinforced stimulus,the more likely is the same response.This phenomenon is known as ____________________. stimulus generalization

Spontaneous recovery is a temporary return of an extinguished response after no delay.

One way in which conditioned taste aversions DIFFER from other learning is that

According to social-learning theory

Which of the following is an example of discrimination in operant conditioning?

What is the difference between extinction and forgetting?

Rats drink a saccharin solution and then are injected with something that makes them slightly ill.They learn to avoid the saccharin solution.What is unusual about this type of learning?

Which kind of learning generally takes place even though the events to be associated are separated by minutes or hours?

After several pairings of a beeping sound with an electric shock,a person reacts to the beeping sound by flinching,increased heart rate,and other signs of fear.How could someone extinguish this response?

The major point of the discussion of birdsong learning in the text is that

At which stage of an experiment on operant conditioning does an experimenter make use of shaping?

Which of the following is an example of a primary reinforcer?

What procedure would you use to train your dog to go to the bedroom,pick up your slippers,carry them to your favorite chair,go to the door,get the newspaper,and bring it to you?

The goal of radical behaviorism is to explain behavior in terms of:

What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Nature,nurture,and Human Development

Memory

Cognition and Language

Intelligence

Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors,stress,and Health

Social Psychology

Personality

Abnormality,therapy,and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

S 1-16:final Examination

Filters