Question 1

In operant conditioning,a reinforcer is any stimulus that an organism likes or finds pleasing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an application of operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A) the common methods of animal training 
B) modifying people's behavior in prisons 
C) use of poisoning for rat extermination 
D) rewarding oneself for breaking a bad habit 
A) the common methods of animal training 
B) modifying people's behavior in prisons 
C) use of poisoning for rat extermination 
D) rewarding oneself for breaking a bad habit

Question 3

A tone is followed by shock until the rat consistently responds to the tone.Then,the tone is accompanied by a light for several additional trials.In later test trials the tone or light is presented separately,the rat will show strong reaction to the tone and little or no reaction to the light.This phenomenon is called the

Accepted Answer

A) blocking effect. 
B) conditional response. 
C) anticipatory response. 
D) law of effect. 
A) blocking effect. 
B) conditional response. 
C) anticipatory response. 
D) law of effect.

Question 4

A study presented participants with a variety of Pokemon characters and asked them to respond to a "target" character.Some other characters were consistently paired with either positive words or pictures or with negative words or pictures.When asked to rate the Pokemon characters after the study,participants gave the most favorable ratings to

Accepted Answer

A) the Pokemon paired with positive words or pictures. 
B) the target Pokemon character. 
C) the Pokemon paired with negative words or pictures. 
D) all the Pokemons because they're so cute. 
A) the Pokemon paired with positive words or pictures. 
B) the target Pokemon character. 
C) the Pokemon paired with negative words or pictures. 
D) all the Pokemons because they're so cute.

Question 5

In an experiment on classical conditioning,a tone is followed by a puff of air to the eyes.After several repetitions,subjects blink their eyes when they hear the tone.What is the unconditioned stimulus in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) blinking the eyes 
B) the puff of air 
C) the tone 
D) the eyelids 
A) blinking the eyes 
B) the puff of air 
C) the tone 
D) the eyelids

Question 6

Modern behaviorists emphasize the role of heredity (genetics)more than the environment in causing behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Correlational studies have found that children who are spanked tend to be more aggressive and more prone to antisocial behavior later in life compared to other children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Describe the four schedules of reinforcement and give an example of each type of reinforcement schedule.

Accepted Answer

A fixed ratio is a reinforcement given a

Question 9

In operant conditioning,the subject's behavior determines an outcome and is affected by the outcome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In operant conditioning,unlike classical conditioning,

Accepted Answer

A) individuals associate one event with another event that happens a long time later. 
B) individuals change internal,automatic responses such as salivation. 
C) the response strength depends on a stimulus associated with it. 
D) the individual's behavior controls the delivery of food or other stimuli. 
A) individuals associate one event with another event that happens a long time later. 
B) individuals change internal,automatic responses such as salivation. 
C) the response strength depends on a stimulus associated with it. 
D) the individual's behavior controls the delivery of food or other stimuli.

Question 11

A chimpanzee pulling the lever on a slot machine to get banana chips is an example of ____________________.
operant conditioning

Accepted Answer

operant co

Question 12

Under which of the following circumstances is an animal most likely to display a strong conditioned response to a stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A) The stimulus is always followed by the unconditioned stimulus,and the unconditioned stimulus is never presented at other times. 
B) The stimulus is always followed by the unconditioned stimulus,and the unconditioned stimulus is frequently presented at other times. 
C) The stimulus is sometimes followed by the unconditioned stimulus,and the unconditioned stimulus is frequently presented at other times. 
D) The stimulus is never followed by the unconditioned stimulus. 
A) The stimulus is always followed by the unconditioned stimulus,and the unconditioned stimulus is never presented at other times. 
B) The stimulus is always followed by the unconditioned stimulus,and the unconditioned stimulus is frequently presented at other times. 
C) The stimulus is sometimes followed by the unconditioned stimulus,and the unconditioned stimulus is frequently presented at other times. 
D) The stimulus is never followed by the unconditioned stimulus.

Question 13

In order to reduce risky behavior of children on a playground,a safety officer offered small rewards to the entire class if everyone played more safely.This procedure is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) social-learning theory. 
B) applied behavior analysis. 
C) vicarious reinforcement. 
D) belongingness. 
A) social-learning theory. 
B) applied behavior analysis. 
C) vicarious reinforcement. 
D) belongingness.

Question 14

In Pavlov's experiments he paired the presentation of food with a buzzer and measured salivation to each.In this experiment the buzzer was the

Accepted Answer

A) unconditioned stimulus. 
B) unconditioned response. 
C) conditioned stimulus. 
D) conditioned response. 
A) unconditioned stimulus. 
B) unconditioned response. 
C) conditioned stimulus. 
D) conditioned response.

Question 15

A slow but steady rate of responding is most characteristic of behavior reinforced on a ____________________ schedule.
variable interval

Accepted Answer

The answer of A slow but steady rate of responding...

Question 16

Suppose we want to find an event that will serve as an effective reinforcer for a given person.According to the disequilibrium principle,we should begin by determining

Accepted Answer

A) which brain areas are more active than average for this person. 
B) which other people this person admires and wants to resemble. 
C) how old this person is,and how old are his or her friends. 
D) which behaviors the person has recently not had an opportunity to do. 
A) which brain areas are more active than average for this person. 
B) which other people this person admires and wants to resemble. 
C) how old this person is,and how old are his or her friends. 
D) which behaviors the person has recently not had an opportunity to do.

Question 17

If you learn to turn off a dripping faucet to end the "drip,drip,drip" sound,your behavior was changed through

Accepted Answer

A) chaining. 
B) negative reinforcement. 
C) positive reinforcement. 
D) omission training. 
A) chaining. 
B) negative reinforcement. 
C) positive reinforcement. 
D) omission training.

Question 18

Thondike described "reinforcer" as

Accepted Answer

A) a process that strengthens the consolidation of short term memory. 
B) an enjoyable mental process. 
C) an event that "stamps in" a response and makes it more likely. 
D) the person who supervises an experiment. 
A) a process that strengthens the consolidation of short term memory. 
B) an enjoyable mental process. 
C) an event that "stamps in" a response and makes it more likely. 
D) the person who supervises an experiment.

Question 19

If you give a dog some food every time you sound one tone but fail to present food after a second tone,you are likely to produce

Accepted Answer

A) stimulus generalization. 
B) spontaneous recovery. 
C) backward conditioning. 
D) discrimination. 
A) stimulus generalization. 
B) spontaneous recovery. 
C) backward conditioning. 
D) discrimination.

Question 20

Which of the following would be an example of punishment (passive avoidance)?

Accepted Answer

A) You drink less beer than you once did,because you feel sick after drinking more than one glass. 
B) Because you drive recklessly,you temporarily lose the privilege of driving the family car. 
C) Your swimming coach says you cannot go to the next swim meet (which you were looking forward to)because you broke a training rule. 
D) You turn off a dripping faucet,ending the "drip-drip-drip" sound. 
A) You drink less beer than you once did,because you feel sick after drinking more than one glass. 
B) Because you drive recklessly,you temporarily lose the privilege of driving the family car. 
C) Your swimming coach says you cannot go to the next swim meet (which you were looking forward to)because you broke a training rule. 
D) You turn off a dripping faucet,ending the "drip-drip-drip" sound.

In operant conditioning,a reinforcer is any stimulus that an organism likes or finds pleasing.

Which of the following is NOT an application of operant conditioning?

In an experiment on classical conditioning,a tone is followed by a puff of air to the eyes.After several repetitions,subjects blink their eyes when they hear the tone.What is the unconditioned stimulus in this experiment?

Modern behaviorists emphasize the role of heredity (genetics)more than the environment in causing behavior.

Correlational studies have found that children who are spanked tend to be more aggressive and more prone to antisocial behavior later in life compared to other children.

Describe the four schedules of reinforcement and give an example of each type of reinforcement schedule.

In operant conditioning,the subject's behavior determines an outcome and is affected by the outcome.

In operant conditioning,unlike classical conditioning,

A chimpanzee pulling the lever on a slot machine to get banana chips is an example of ____________________. operant conditioning

Under which of the following circumstances is an animal most likely to display a strong conditioned response to a stimulus?

In order to reduce risky behavior of children on a playground,a safety officer offered small rewards to the entire class if everyone played more safely.This procedure is an example of

In Pavlov's experiments he paired the presentation of food with a buzzer and measured salivation to each.In this experiment the buzzer was the

A slow but steady rate of responding is most characteristic of behavior reinforced on a ____________________ schedule. variable interval

Suppose we want to find an event that will serve as an effective reinforcer for a given person.According to the disequilibrium principle,we should begin by determining

If you learn to turn off a dripping faucet to end the "drip,drip,drip" sound,your behavior was changed through

Thondike described "reinforcer" as

If you give a dog some food every time you sound one tone but fail to present food after a second tone,you are likely to produce

Which of the following would be an example of punishment (passive avoidance)?

What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Nature,nurture,and Human Development

Memory

Cognition and Language

Intelligence

Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors,stress,and Health

Social Psychology

Personality

Abnormality,therapy,and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

S 1-16:final Examination

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Exam 6: Learning

In operant conditioning,a reinforcer is any stimulus that an organism likes or finds pleasing.

Which of the following is NOT an application of operant conditioning?

In an experiment on classical conditioning,a tone is followed by a puff of air to the eyes.After several repetitions,subjects blink their eyes when they hear the tone.What is the unconditioned stimulus in this experiment?

Modern behaviorists emphasize the role of heredity (genetics)more than the environment in causing behavior.

Correlational studies have found that children who are spanked tend to be more aggressive and more prone to antisocial behavior later in life compared to other children.

Describe the four schedules of reinforcement and give an example of each type of reinforcement schedule.

In operant conditioning,the subject's behavior determines an outcome and is affected by the outcome.

In operant conditioning,unlike classical conditioning,

A chimpanzee pulling the lever on a slot machine to get banana chips is an example of ____________________. operant conditioning

Under which of the following circumstances is an animal most likely to display a strong conditioned response to a stimulus?

In order to reduce risky behavior of children on a playground,a safety officer offered small rewards to the entire class if everyone played more safely.This procedure is an example of

In Pavlov's experiments he paired the presentation of food with a buzzer and measured salivation to each.In this experiment the buzzer was the

A slow but steady rate of responding is most characteristic of behavior reinforced on a ____________________ schedule. variable interval

Suppose we want to find an event that will serve as an effective reinforcer for a given person.According to the disequilibrium principle,we should begin by determining

If you learn to turn off a dripping faucet to end the "drip,drip,drip" sound,your behavior was changed through

Thondike described "reinforcer" as

If you give a dog some food every time you sound one tone but fail to present food after a second tone,you are likely to produce

Which of the following would be an example of punishment (passive avoidance)?

What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Nature,nurture,and Human Development

Memory

Cognition and Language

Intelligence

Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors,stress,and Health

Social Psychology

Personality

Abnormality,therapy,and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

S 1-16:final Examination

Filters