Question 1

What procedure does an investigator use to produce classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A) Pair the CS with the CR. 
B) Pair the UCS with the UCR. 
C) Pair the CS with the UCS. 
D) Present reinforcement after a response. 
A) Pair the CS with the CR. 
B) Pair the UCS with the UCR. 
C) Pair the CS with the UCS. 
D) Present reinforcement after a response.

Question 2

The study of learning in laboratory animals is most closely associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) structuralists 
B) psychoanalysts 
C) humanistic psychologists 
D) behaviorists 
A) structuralists 
B) psychoanalysts 
C) humanistic psychologists 
D) behaviorists

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an important part of the social learning approach?

Accepted Answer

A) imitation 
B) trial and error 
C) vicarious reinforcement 
D) self-reinforcement 
A) imitation 
B) trial and error 
C) vicarious reinforcement 
D) self-reinforcement

Question 4

How can one extinguish a classically conditioned response?

Accepted Answer

A) Wait a long time without more training. 
B) Repeatedly present the unconditioned stimulus by itself. 
C) Repeatedly present the conditioned stimulus by itself. 
D) Stop providing positive reinforcements. 
A) Wait a long time without more training. 
B) Repeatedly present the unconditioned stimulus by itself. 
C) Repeatedly present the conditioned stimulus by itself. 
D) Stop providing positive reinforcements.

Question 5

According to Thorndike,responses that are followed by reinforcement become more probable.He called this the ____________________.
Law of Effect

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Thorndike,responses that are followed by...

Question 6

Early behaviorism was sometimes referred to as ____________________ psychology.
stimulus-response

Accepted Answer

The answer of Early behaviorism was sometimes referred to as...

Question 7

The idea that all behavior has causes and obeys certain laws is called

Accepted Answer

A) structuralism. 
B) pantheism. 
C) determinism. 
D) transactional analysis. 
A) structuralism. 
B) pantheism. 
C) determinism. 
D) transactional analysis.

Question 8

If a farmer had a chicken that laid eggs intermittently (sometimes 8 hours between eggs,sometimes 3 days)the farmer's "egg checking" behavior would be on a __________ schedule.

Accepted Answer

A) fixed-ratio 
B) variable-ratio 
C) fixed-interval 
D) variable-interval 
A) fixed-ratio 
B) variable-ratio 
C) fixed-interval 
D) variable-interval

Question 9

Psychologists who argue that psychologists should only study observable,measurable behaviors are called

Accepted Answer

A) behaviorists. 
B) Gestalt psychologists. 
C) humanistic psychologists. 
D) psychoanalysts. 
A) behaviorists. 
B) Gestalt psychologists. 
C) humanistic psychologists. 
D) psychoanalysts.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of behaviorism?

Accepted Answer

A) interest in animal learning in laboratory conditions 
B) belief that all behavior has causes 
C) search for an understanding of stimulus-response relationships 
D) interest in the difference between conscious and unconscious thought 
A) interest in animal learning in laboratory conditions 
B) belief that all behavior has causes 
C) search for an understanding of stimulus-response relationships 
D) interest in the difference between conscious and unconscious thought

Question 11

In Pavlov's experiment the ____________________ was similar to the ____________________.
CR,UCR

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Pavlov's experiment the ____________________ was similar...

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a primary reinforcer?

Accepted Answer

A) food 
B) money 
C) electric shock 
D) the "silent treatment" 
A) food 
B) money 
C) electric shock 
D) the "silent treatment"

Question 13

What procedure does a psychologist use in applied behavior analysis?

Accepted Answer

A) sets up circumstances that physically prevent the undesirable behaviors 
B) provides positive reinforcements for approximations to the desired behaviors 
C) gets the person to take drugs or diet supplements that will alter the functioning of the brain 
D) displays the desired behaviors and invites the person to copy them 
A) sets up circumstances that physically prevent the undesirable behaviors 
B) provides positive reinforcements for approximations to the desired behaviors 
C) gets the person to take drugs or diet supplements that will alter the functioning of the brain 
D) displays the desired behaviors and invites the person to copy them

Question 14

Most school learning is an attempt to learn from the experiences and discoveries of others.This kind of learning is called

Accepted Answer

A) behavior modification. 
B) operant conditioning. 
C) classical conditioning. 
D) social learning. 
A) behavior modification. 
B) operant conditioning. 
C) classical conditioning. 
D) social learning.

Question 15

In an experiment on classical conditioning,a tone is followed by a puff of air to the eyes.After several repetitions,subjects blink their eyes when they hear the tone.In this experiment,the tone is the __________ and the puff of air is the __________.

Accepted Answer

A) conditioned stimulus...unconditioned stimulus 
B) conditioned stimulus...conditioned response 
C) unconditioned stimulus...unconditioned response 
D) conditioned response...unconditioned response 
A) conditioned stimulus...unconditioned stimulus 
B) conditioned stimulus...conditioned response 
C) unconditioned stimulus...unconditioned response 
D) conditioned response...unconditioned response

Question 16

Why did Thorndike conclude that his cats learned by strengthening certain response tendencies,rather than by gaining an understanding or insight?

Accepted Answer

A) The cats were only able to solve the puzzle boxes with assistance. 
B) The cats escaped the box equally rapidly,regardless of whether or not they were given positive reinforcements. 
C) The cats took a long time to escape from the puzzle box the first time but were quick on all later trials. 
D) The cats increased their speed of escaping from one trial to the next gradually,not suddenly. 
A) The cats were only able to solve the puzzle boxes with assistance. 
B) The cats escaped the box equally rapidly,regardless of whether or not they were given positive reinforcements. 
C) The cats took a long time to escape from the puzzle box the first time but were quick on all later trials. 
D) The cats increased their speed of escaping from one trial to the next gradually,not suddenly.

Question 17

Modern behaviorists generally believe that

Accepted Answer

A) all human and animal behavior can be described as simple responses to current,simple stimuli. 
B) human thought is the only appropriate subject matter for psychologists to study. 
C) behavior is a product of an individual's past history of stimuli and responses,as well as responses to current stimuli. 
D) determinism is an obsolete concept. 
A) all human and animal behavior can be described as simple responses to current,simple stimuli. 
B) human thought is the only appropriate subject matter for psychologists to study. 
C) behavior is a product of an individual's past history of stimuli and responses,as well as responses to current stimuli. 
D) determinism is an obsolete concept.

Question 18

Which of the following advertisements is making use of vicarious reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A) an ad for the lottery,showing happy (and now rich)winners 
B) an ad for toothpaste,showing kids with cavities who didn't brush their teeth 
C) an ad for a computer,listing and explaining the features available 
D) an ad for a gas-guzzling car that doesn't mention the poor gas mileage 
A) an ad for the lottery,showing happy (and now rich)winners 
B) an ad for toothpaste,showing kids with cavities who didn't brush their teeth 
C) an ad for a computer,listing and explaining the features available 
D) an ad for a gas-guzzling car that doesn't mention the poor gas mileage

Question 19

In an experiment on classical conditioning,the researcher presents a noise,followed by a puff of air to the eyes.The air puff elicits a blink of the eyes,and after a few pairings the noise does also.In this procedure,the conditioned stimulus is the __________ and the conditioned response is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) noise...air puff 
B) air puff...noise 
C) air puff...eye blink 
D) noise...eye blink 
A) noise...air puff 
B) air puff...noise 
C) air puff...eye blink 
D) noise...eye blink

Question 20

Who of the following was the first to investigate operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A) David Premack 
B) Edward Thorndike 
C) Ivan Pavlov 
D) Carl Jung 
A) David Premack 
B) Edward Thorndike 
C) Ivan Pavlov 
D) Carl Jung

What procedure does an investigator use to produce classical conditioning?

The study of learning in laboratory animals is most closely associated with which of the following?

Which of the following is NOT an important part of the social learning approach?

How can one extinguish a classically conditioned response?

According to Thorndike,responses that are followed by reinforcement become more probable.He called this the ____________________. Law of Effect

Early behaviorism was sometimes referred to as ____________________ psychology. stimulus-response

The idea that all behavior has causes and obeys certain laws is called

If a farmer had a chicken that laid eggs intermittently (sometimes 8 hours between eggs,sometimes 3 days)the farmer's "egg checking" behavior would be on a __________ schedule.

Psychologists who argue that psychologists should only study observable,measurable behaviors are called

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of behaviorism?

In Pavlov's experiment the was similar to the . CR,UCR

Which of the following is an example of a primary reinforcer?

What procedure does a psychologist use in applied behavior analysis?

Most school learning is an attempt to learn from the experiences and discoveries of others.This kind of learning is called

In an experiment on classical conditioning,a tone is followed by a puff of air to the eyes.After several repetitions,subjects blink their eyes when they hear the tone.In this experiment,the tone is the and the puff of air is the .

Why did Thorndike conclude that his cats learned by strengthening certain response tendencies,rather than by gaining an understanding or insight?

Modern behaviorists generally believe that

Which of the following advertisements is making use of vicarious reinforcement?

In an experiment on classical conditioning,the researcher presents a noise,followed by a puff of air to the eyes.The air puff elicits a blink of the eyes,and after a few pairings the noise does also.In this procedure,the conditioned stimulus is the and the conditioned response is .

Who of the following was the first to investigate operant conditioning?

What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Nature,nurture,and Human Development

Memory

Cognition and Language

Intelligence

Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors,stress,and Health

Social Psychology

Personality

Abnormality,therapy,and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

S 1-16:final Examination

Filters

Exam 6: Learning

What procedure does an investigator use to produce classical conditioning?

The study of learning in laboratory animals is most closely associated with which of the following?

Which of the following is NOT an important part of the social learning approach?

How can one extinguish a classically conditioned response?

According to Thorndike,responses that are followed by reinforcement become more probable.He called this the ____________________. Law of Effect

Early behaviorism was sometimes referred to as ____________________ psychology. stimulus-response

The idea that all behavior has causes and obeys certain laws is called

If a farmer had a chicken that laid eggs intermittently (sometimes 8 hours between eggs,sometimes 3 days)the farmer's "egg checking" behavior would be on a __________ schedule.

Psychologists who argue that psychologists should only study observable,measurable behaviors are called

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of behaviorism?

In Pavlov's experiment the ____________________ was similar to the ____________________. CR,UCR

Which of the following is an example of a primary reinforcer?

What procedure does a psychologist use in applied behavior analysis?

Most school learning is an attempt to learn from the experiences and discoveries of others.This kind of learning is called

In an experiment on classical conditioning,a tone is followed by a puff of air to the eyes.After several repetitions,subjects blink their eyes when they hear the tone.In this experiment,the tone is the __________ and the puff of air is the __________.

Why did Thorndike conclude that his cats learned by strengthening certain response tendencies,rather than by gaining an understanding or insight?

Modern behaviorists generally believe that

Which of the following advertisements is making use of vicarious reinforcement?

Who of the following was the first to investigate operant conditioning?

What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Nature,nurture,and Human Development

Memory

Cognition and Language

Intelligence

Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors,stress,and Health

Social Psychology

Personality

Abnormality,therapy,and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

S 1-16:final Examination

Filters

In Pavlov's experiment the was similar to the . CR,UCR

In an experiment on classical conditioning,a tone is followed by a puff of air to the eyes.After several repetitions,subjects blink their eyes when they hear the tone.In this experiment,the tone is the and the puff of air is the .