Question 1

A score on an intelligence test

Accepted Answer

A)  is a fixed indicator of inborn capacity 
B)  is a sample of present behavior 
C)  is likely to reflect genetics over environment 
D)  cannot change for an individual over time 
A)  is a fixed indicator of inborn capacity 
B)  is a sample of present behavior 
C)  is likely to reflect genetics over environment 
D)  cannot change for an individual over time B

Question 2

________ is a characteristic of numbers; whereas ________ is a characteristic of one's actions.

Accepted Answer

A)  Fairness; bias 
B)  Bias; discrimination 
C)  Bias; fairness 
D)  Discrimination; fairness 
A)  Fairness; bias 
B)  Bias; discrimination 
C)  Bias; fairness 
D)  Discrimination; fairness C

Question 3

When a test makes systematic errors in measurement, ________ exists.

Accepted Answer

A)  discrimination 
B)  unfairness 
C)  bias 
D)  all of the above 
A)  discrimination 
B)  unfairness 
C)  bias 
D)  all of the above C

Question 4

Y = a + bx is the

Accepted Answer

A)  bias equation 
B)  slope-bias equation 
C)  regression equation 
D)  regressive equation 
A)  bias equation 
B)  slope-bias equation 
C)  regression equation 
D)  regressive equation

Question 5

Raven's Progressive Matrices, generally considered a culture-reduced test, produces

Accepted Answer

A)  scores of whites and minorities that are similar 
B)  scores of whites that are generally lower than the scores of minorities 
C)  scores of minorities that are generally lower than the scores of whites 
D)  scores of minorities that are generally higher than the scores of whites 
A)  scores of whites and minorities that are similar 
B)  scores of whites that are generally lower than the scores of minorities 
C)  scores of minorities that are generally lower than the scores of whites 
D)  scores of minorities that are generally higher than the scores of whites

Question 6

In the authors' view, the correlational link between cognitive ability and socioeconomic status

Accepted Answer

A)  is probably causal in both directions 
B)  is causal in that high socioeconomic status causes high cognitive ability 
C)  is causal in that high cognitive ability causes high socioeconomic status 
D)  is not well established 
A)  is probably causal in both directions 
B)  is causal in that high socioeconomic status causes high cognitive ability 
C)  is causal in that high cognitive ability causes high socioeconomic status 
D)  is not well established

Question 7

The variation in scores on intelligence tests can be accounted for solely by

Accepted Answer

A)  hereditability 
B)  genetics 
C)  environmental factors 
D)  none of the above 
A)  hereditability 
B)  genetics 
C)  environmental factors 
D)  none of the above

Question 8

The hypothesis that test score differences can best be understood in terms of differences between cultures of different test subgroups is supported by

Accepted Answer

A)  hereditarians 
B)  geneticists 
C)  extremists 
D)  environmentalists 
A)  hereditarians 
B)  geneticists 
C)  extremists 
D)  environmentalists

Question 9

One of the best general strategies for reducing the effects of test bias is to

Accepted Answer

A)  employ multiple methods of assessment 
B)  change the content of the test 
C)  use the "Golden Rule" during test development 
D)  give alternative non-verbal tests 
A)  employ multiple methods of assessment 
B)  change the content of the test 
C)  use the "Golden Rule" during test development 
D)  give alternative non-verbal tests

Question 10

Differences in intercepts for different groups on a test could reflect

Accepted Answer

A)  differences in test validity 
B)  bias toward one of the groups since scores reflect systematic differences in criterion scores 
C)  differences in means on a test but not in criterion measures 
D)  differential prediction 
A)  differences in test validity 
B)  bias toward one of the groups since scores reflect systematic differences in criterion scores 
C)  differences in means on a test but not in criterion measures 
D)  differential prediction

Question 11

Group x items interactions are often used to assess

Accepted Answer

A)  fairness 
B)  discrimination 
C)  bias 
D)  prejudice 
A)  fairness 
B)  discrimination 
C)  bias 
D)  prejudice

Question 12

Scientific methods can be used to determine _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  fairness 
B)  discrimination 
C)  values 
D)  bias 
A)  fairness 
B)  discrimination 
C)  values 
D)  bias

Question 13

A purely pictorial test is likely to be

Accepted Answer

A)  culture-free 
B)  culture-fair 
C)  culture-reduced 
D)  culture-loaded 
A)  culture-free 
B)  culture-fair 
C)  culture-reduced 
D)  culture-loaded

Question 14

When a test makes systematic errors in measuring a specific characteristic or attribute

Accepted Answer

A)  bias in measurement exists 
B)  bias in prediction exists 
C)  fairness is the major issue 
D)  both bias in measurement and fairness are issues 
A)  bias in measurement exists 
B)  bias in prediction exists 
C)  fairness is the major issue 
D)  both bias in measurement and fairness are issues

Question 15

In general, it has been found that, on ability tests

Accepted Answer

A)  children from a middle-class background score higher than children from a lower-class background 
B)  whites score lower than minorities 
C)  males usually score higher than females 
D)  all of the above 
A)  children from a middle-class background score higher than children from a lower-class background 
B)  whites score lower than minorities 
C)  males usually score higher than females 
D)  all of the above

Question 16

A test which deals with objects, beliefs or lore peculiar to one culture can be called

Accepted Answer

A)  culture-reduced 
B)  culture-loaded 
C)  culture-fair 
D)  culture-free 
A)  culture-reduced 
B)  culture-loaded 
C)  culture-fair 
D)  culture-free

Question 17

One possible explanation for why groups might receive systematically different scores on tests is that

Accepted Answer

A)  there are real mean differences in the attributes being measured 
B)  the content of the test is familiar to some groups and not to others 
C)  the method in which a test is presented differs 
D)  all of the above 
A)  there are real mean differences in the attributes being measured 
B)  the content of the test is familiar to some groups and not to others 
C)  the method in which a test is presented differs 
D)  all of the above

Question 18

______ twins have an identical genetic inheritance.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dizygotic 
B)  Fraternal 
C)  Monozygotic 
D)  Trizygotic 
A)  Dizygotic 
B)  Fraternal 
C)  Monozygotic 
D)  Trizygotic

Question 19

When a test shows significant correlations with relevant criteria for blacks, but nonsignificant correlations when used for whites, ________ exists.

Accepted Answer

A)  fairness 
B)  differential validity 
C)  reverse discrimination 
D)  bias 
A)  fairness 
B)  differential validity 
C)  reverse discrimination 
D)  bias

Question 20

Recent research suggests that genetic factors are important determinants of which of the following

Accepted Answer

A)  attitudes 
B)  intelligence 
C)  personality 
D)  all of the above 
A)  attitudes 
B)  intelligence 
C)  personality 
D)  all of the above

Exam 15: Issues in Ability Testing

A score on an intelligence test

________ is a characteristic of numbers; whereas ________ is a characteristic of one's actions.

When a test makes systematic errors in measurement, ________ exists.

Y = a + bx is the

Raven's Progressive Matrices, generally considered a culture-reduced test, produces

In the authors' view, the correlational link between cognitive ability and socioeconomic status

The variation in scores on intelligence tests can be accounted for solely by

The hypothesis that test score differences can best be understood in terms of differences between cultures of different test subgroups is supported by

One of the best general strategies for reducing the effects of test bias is to

Differences in intercepts for different groups on a test could reflect

Group x items interactions are often used to assess

Scientific methods can be used to determine _________.

A purely pictorial test is likely to be

When a test makes systematic errors in measuring a specific characteristic or attribute

In general, it has been found that, on ability tests

A test which deals with objects, beliefs or lore peculiar to one culture can be called

One possible explanation for why groups might receive systematically different scores on tests is that

______ twins have an identical genetic inheritance.

When a test shows significant correlations with relevant criteria for blacks, but nonsignificant correlations when used for whites, ________ exists.

Recent research suggests that genetic factors are important determinants of which of the following

Tests and Measurements

Defining and Measuring Psychological Attributes: Ability, Interests, and Personality

Testing and Society

Basic Concepts in Measurement and Statistics

Scales, Transformations, and Norms

Reliability: the Consistency of Test Scores

Using and Interpreting Information About Test Reliability

Validity of Measurement: Content and Construct-Oriented Validation Strategies

Validity for Decisions: Criterion-Related Validity

Item Analysis

The Process of Test Development

Computerized Test Administration and Interpretation

Ability Testing: Individual Tests

Ability Testing: Group Tests

Interest Testing

Personality Testing

Tests and Educational Decisions

Psychological Measurement in Industry

Diagnostic Testing: Clinical Applications

Issues in Multi-Method Assessment

Filters

is a characteristic of numbers; whereas is a characteristic of one's actions.