Question 1

Evidence from fMRI studies indicates that people show similar patterns of activity in the brain when viewing objects as they do when ________ the objects.

Accepted Answer

A)  visualizing 
B)  talking about 
C)  interacting with 
D)  avoiding thinking about 
A)  visualizing 
B)  talking about 
C)  interacting with 
D)  avoiding thinking about

Question 2

If participants are asked to imagine an object, such as a dog, information that will be prominent if the mental image

Accepted Answer

A)  tends to concern aspects that are strongly associated with, or distinctive for, the imaged object. 
B)  matches the pattern of information prominent in a description of the imaged object. 
C)  corresponds well with the information that is prominent in an actual picture. 
D)  is similar to the information prominent in other forms of mental representation. 
A)  tends to concern aspects that are strongly associated with, or distinctive for, the imaged object. 
B)  matches the pattern of information prominent in a description of the imaged object. 
C)  corresponds well with the information that is prominent in an actual picture. 
D)  is similar to the information prominent in other forms of mental representation.

Question 3

Describe the method and results from one chronometric study of visual imagery. Next, argue for or against the idea that demand characteristics could lead to that pattern of behavior and results.

Accepted Answer

One chronometric study of visual imagery

Question 4

One group of participants is instructed to imagine a cat and the participants are then asked several yes/no questions about their image. A second group of participants is instructed simply to think about cats, with no mention of imagery, and the participants are then asked the same yes/no questions. We expect that participants responding on the basis of the image will respond more quickly to which of the following questions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Does the cat have a head? 
B)  Does the cat have whiskers? 
C)  Is the cat a mammal? 
D)  Does the cat have claws? 
A)  Does the cat have a head? 
B)  Does the cat have whiskers? 
C)  Is the cat a mammal? 
D)  Does the cat have claws?

Question 5

Bobby wants to be a "good participant," so he tries to perform in a way that will impress the experimenter. Bobby is sensitive to the

Accepted Answer

A)  demand character. 
B)  external validity. 
C)  internal validity. 
D)  experimental demands. 
A)  demand character. 
B)  external validity. 
C)  internal validity. 
D)  experimental demands.

Question 6

The text considers various arguments concerning pictures and percepts. According to the text, pictures are

Accepted Answer

A)  depictions and percepts are descriptions. 
B)  descriptions and percepts are depictions. 
C)  ambiguous and percepts are organized and thus unambiguous. 
D)  organized and thus unambiguous and percepts are ambiguous. 
A)  depictions and percepts are descriptions. 
B)  descriptions and percepts are depictions. 
C)  ambiguous and percepts are organized and thus unambiguous. 
D)  organized and thus unambiguous and percepts are ambiguous.

Question 7

Which of following statements is FALSE about memory for pictures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Picture memory benefits from rehearsal. 
B)  Picture memory is affected by schematic knowledge. 
C)  Picture memory can be affected by intrusion errors. 
D)  Picture memory does not show the primacy or recency effect. 
A)  Picture memory benefits from rehearsal. 
B)  Picture memory is affected by schematic knowledge. 
C)  Picture memory can be affected by intrusion errors. 
D)  Picture memory does not show the primacy or recency effect.

Question 8

Researchers have argued that visual images are created by

Accepted Answer

A)  activating large-scale "templates" in long-term memory. 
B)  following "recipes" for the image construction, with the recipes drawn from image files in long-term memory. 
C)  activating the relevant neurons on the retina. 
D)  activating nodes within long-term memory that happen to be associated with sensory information. 
A)  activating large-scale "templates" in long-term memory. 
B)  following "recipes" for the image construction, with the recipes drawn from image files in long-term memory. 
C)  activating the relevant neurons on the retina. 
D)  activating nodes within long-term memory that happen to be associated with sensory information.

Question 9

Mentally zooming in and out of an image requires

Accepted Answer

A)  working memory. 
B)  long-term memory. 
C)  working memory for zooming and long-term memory for representation of the image. 
D)  sensory memory for zooming and working memory for keeping the memory trace active. 
A)  working memory. 
B)  long-term memory. 
C)  working memory for zooming and long-term memory for representation of the image. 
D)  sensory memory for zooming and working memory for keeping the memory trace active.

Question 10

The text argues that image files in long-term memory

Accepted Answer

A)  are distinctive because special processes (like scanning or zooming) operate on them. 
B)  hold large-scale "templates" indicating how the imaged form looks. 
C)  contain the instructions needed to create a mental image. 
D)  usually contain a picture-like representation of an image. 
A)  are distinctive because special processes (like scanning or zooming) operate on them. 
B)  hold large-scale "templates" indicating how the imaged form looks. 
C)  contain the instructions needed to create a mental image. 
D)  usually contain a picture-like representation of an image.

Question 11

Mona has been blind since birth. Which of the following is most likely true about her visual abilities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Her imagery abilities, like her other senses, are superior to those of sighted individuals. 
B)  Her performance on imagery tasks is similar to the performance of sighted individuals. 
C)  She will be unable to perform most tasks requiring mental imagery. 
D)  She will be unable to perform mental imagery tasks, unlike participants who lost their sight gradually over time. 
A)  Her imagery abilities, like her other senses, are superior to those of sighted individuals. 
B)  Her performance on imagery tasks is similar to the performance of sighted individuals. 
C)  She will be unable to perform most tasks requiring mental imagery. 
D)  She will be unable to perform mental imagery tasks, unlike participants who lost their sight gradually over time.

Question 12

Hank is an eidetic imager. This means that after viewing an image for a very short amount of time, he will

Accepted Answer

A)  be able to describe the image pretty well. 
B)  draw the image in amazing detail, as if it were a photograph. 
C)  use mnemonic techniques to describe the gist of the image. 
D)  not be able to remember the image at all. 
A)  be able to describe the image pretty well. 
B)  draw the image in amazing detail, as if it were a photograph. 
C)  use mnemonic techniques to describe the gist of the image. 
D)  not be able to remember the image at all.

Question 13

In one study on picture memory, researchers showed participants pictures of typical scenes, such as a bedroom. In each typical scene there were some unexpected objects (e.g., a washing machine). During the test, participants were shown the same scene with a few changes. Results from this study indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  participants rarely notice any changes in the scene. 
B)  only changes to the largest objects (the bed) were noticed. 
C)  changes to the unexpected objects were often noticed. 
D)  changes to the typical objects were usually noticed. 
A)  participants rarely notice any changes in the scene. 
B)  only changes to the largest objects (the bed) were noticed. 
C)  changes to the unexpected objects were often noticed. 
D)  changes to the typical objects were usually noticed.

Question 14

Differentiate between visual imagery and spatial imagery by considering the experiences of a blind man or woman. Use a mental rotation task as the basis for your evaluation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Differentiate between visual imagery and spatial imagery...

Question 15

Compare and contrast imagery and perception. In what ways are they similar? How do they differ?

Accepted Answer

Imagery and perception are both related

Question 16

According to Paivio, a word like "chair" is ________ than a word like "faith."

Accepted Answer

A)  easier to memorize 
B)  more difficult to memorize 
C)  more easily confused with another word 
D)  easier to identify 
A)  easier to memorize 
B)  more difficult to memorize 
C)  more easily confused with another word 
D)  easier to identify

Question 17

How do imagery and perception influence and interact with one another? Under what circumstances will they work together to facilitate processing and memory? Under what circumstances will they interfere with one another and potentially hinder processing? What does this tell us about the nature of imagery?

Accepted Answer

Imagery and perception are closely relat

Question 18

Matt is shown two complex three-dimensional images (A and B) and asked to determine if the images are identical. The images are aligned in different planes, so answering the question requires mentally rotating one of the images. Which of the following statements about Matt's task is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The larger the required the rotation, the faster responding will be. 
B)  The smaller the required rotation, the slower responding will be. 
C)  The time it takes will be the same, regardless of the required rotation. 
D)  There is a systematic correlation between the required rotation and reaction time. 
A)  The larger the required the rotation, the faster responding will be. 
B)  The smaller the required rotation, the slower responding will be. 
C)  The time it takes will be the same, regardless of the required rotation. 
D)  There is a systematic correlation between the required rotation and reaction time.

Question 19

In memorizing new material, the pattern of "dual coding" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the strategy of encoding the material from two separate visual perspectives. 
B)  the process of encoding the material on two separate occasions. 
C)  steps that lead to both a verbal memory and a visual memory. 
D)  the formation of a mental image in which the target item is in two separate relationships with its surrounding context. 
A)  the strategy of encoding the material from two separate visual perspectives. 
B)  the process of encoding the material on two separate occasions. 
C)  steps that lead to both a verbal memory and a visual memory. 
D)  the formation of a mental image in which the target item is in two separate relationships with its surrounding context.

Question 20

Damage to brain areas needed for vision

Accepted Answer

A)  usually has little impact on visualizing. 
B)  generally has opposite effects on visualizing and on vision. 
C)  is likely to destroy altogether the patient's ability to visualize. 
D)  often has disruptive effects for visualizing similar to the disruption observed for visual perception. 
A)  usually has little impact on visualizing. 
B)  generally has opposite effects on visualizing and on vision. 
C)  is likely to destroy altogether the patient's ability to visualize. 
D)  often has disruptive effects for visualizing similar to the disruption observed for visual perception.

Evidence from fMRI studies indicates that people show similar patterns of activity in the brain when viewing objects as they do when ________ the objects.

If participants are asked to imagine an object, such as a dog, information that will be prominent if the mental image

Describe the method and results from one chronometric study of visual imagery. Next, argue for or against the idea that demand characteristics could lead to that pattern of behavior and results.

Bobby wants to be a "good participant," so he tries to perform in a way that will impress the experimenter. Bobby is sensitive to the

The text considers various arguments concerning pictures and percepts. According to the text, pictures are

Which of following statements is FALSE about memory for pictures?

Researchers have argued that visual images are created by

Mentally zooming in and out of an image requires

The text argues that image files in long-term memory

Mona has been blind since birth. Which of the following is most likely true about her visual abilities?

Hank is an eidetic imager. This means that after viewing an image for a very short amount of time, he will

Differentiate between visual imagery and spatial imagery by considering the experiences of a blind man or woman. Use a mental rotation task as the basis for your evaluation.

Compare and contrast imagery and perception. In what ways are they similar? How do they differ?

According to Paivio, a word like "chair" is ________ than a word like "faith."

Matt is shown two complex three-dimensional images (A and B) and asked to determine if the images are identical. The images are aligned in different planes, so answering the question requires mentally rotating one of the images. Which of the following statements about Matt's task is true?

In memorizing new material, the pattern of "dual coding" refers to

Damage to brain areas needed for vision

The Science of the Mind

The Neural Basis for Cognition

Visual Perception

Recognizing Objects

Paying Attention

The Acquisition of Memories and the Working-Memory System

Interconnections Between Acquisition and Retrieval

Remembering Complex Events

Concepts and Generic Knowledge

Language

Judgment and Reasoning

Problem Solving and Intelligence

Conscious Thought, Unconscious Thought

Filters

Exam 11: Visual Knowledge

Evidence from fMRI studies indicates that people show similar patterns of activity in the brain when viewing objects as they do when ________ the objects.

If participants are asked to imagine an object, such as a dog, information that will be prominent if the mental image

Describe the method and results from one chronometric study of visual imagery. Next, argue for or against the idea that demand characteristics could lead to that pattern of behavior and results.

Bobby wants to be a "good participant," so he tries to perform in a way that will impress the experimenter. Bobby is sensitive to the

The text considers various arguments concerning pictures and percepts. According to the text, pictures are

Which of following statements is FALSE about memory for pictures?

Researchers have argued that visual images are created by

Mentally zooming in and out of an image requires

The text argues that image files in long-term memory

Mona has been blind since birth. Which of the following is most likely true about her visual abilities?

Hank is an eidetic imager. This means that after viewing an image for a very short amount of time, he will

Differentiate between visual imagery and spatial imagery by considering the experiences of a blind man or woman. Use a mental rotation task as the basis for your evaluation.

Compare and contrast imagery and perception. In what ways are they similar? How do they differ?

According to Paivio, a word like "chair" is ________ than a word like "faith."

Matt is shown two complex three-dimensional images (A and B) and asked to determine if the images are identical. The images are aligned in different planes, so answering the question requires mentally rotating one of the images. Which of the following statements about Matt's task is true?

In memorizing new material, the pattern of "dual coding" refers to

Damage to brain areas needed for vision

The Science of the Mind

The Neural Basis for Cognition

Visual Perception

Recognizing Objects

Paying Attention

The Acquisition of Memories and the Working-Memory System

Interconnections Between Acquisition and Retrieval

Remembering Complex Events

Concepts and Generic Knowledge

Language

Judgment and Reasoning

Problem Solving and Intelligence

Conscious Thought, Unconscious Thought

Filters