Question 1

Multiple sclerosis

Accepted Answer

A) is an autoimmune disorder. 
B) involves destruction of myelin sheaths of CNS neurons. 
C) destroys oligodendrocytes. 
D) results in dizziness, numbness, and muscle weakness. 
E) includes all of these descriptions. 
A) is an autoimmune disorder. 
B) involves destruction of myelin sheaths of CNS neurons. 
C) destroys oligodendrocytes. 
D) results in dizziness, numbness, and muscle weakness. 
E) includes all of these descriptions.

Question 2

Within a single motor neuron, the direction an impulse follows is

Accepted Answer

A) dendrite >>> axon >>> cell body. 
B) axon >>> dendrite >>> cell body. 
C) dendrite >>> cell body >>> axon. 
D) cell body >>> dendrite >>> axon. 
E) cell body >>> axon >>> dendrite. 
A) dendrite >>> axon >>> cell body. 
B) axon >>> dendrite >>> cell body. 
C) dendrite >>> cell body >>> axon. 
D) cell body >>> dendrite >>> axon. 
E) cell body >>> axon >>> dendrite.

Question 3

Active chemicals found in chocolate, tea, coffee, and soft drinks are examples of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) depressants 
B) stimulants 
C) analgesics 
D) hallucinogens 
E) antipsychotics 
A) depressants 
B) stimulants 
C) analgesics 
D) hallucinogens 
E) antipsychotics

Question 4

The basic unit of the nervous system is the

Accepted Answer

A) neuron. 
B) neuroglial cell. 
C) brain. 
D) nerve. 
E) neurotransmitter. 
A) neuron. 
B) neuroglial cell. 
C) brain. 
D) nerve. 
E) neurotransmitter.

Question 5

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system

Accepted Answer

A) causes the pupils of the eye to dilate. 
B) causes the release of ACh. 
C) stimulates peristaltic contractions of the intestinal system. 
D) slows heartbeat and lowers blood pressure. 
E) allows the body to relax rather than prepare for fight or flight. 
A) causes the pupils of the eye to dilate. 
B) causes the release of ACh. 
C) stimulates peristaltic contractions of the intestinal system. 
D) slows heartbeat and lowers blood pressure. 
E) allows the body to relax rather than prepare for fight or flight.

Question 6

Which statement is false about intact neurons?

Accepted Answer

A) An action potential can be generated in an input zone only. 
B) A trigger zone has enough sodium gates to initiate an action potential. 
C) Each portion of a membrane has its own recovery time. 
D) The potassium gates open during the recovery period. 
E) Gated sodium channels are inactivated during the recovery period. 
A) An action potential can be generated in an input zone only. 
B) A trigger zone has enough sodium gates to initiate an action potential. 
C) Each portion of a membrane has its own recovery time. 
D) The potassium gates open during the recovery period. 
E) Gated sodium channels are inactivated during the recovery period.

Question 7

Neurotransmitters

Accepted Answer

A) include acetylcholine. 
B) change the permeability of postsynaptic cells. 
C) may be inhibitory or stimulatory. 
D) elicit graded potentials near the synapse. 
E) include all of these descriptions. 
A) include acetylcholine. 
B) change the permeability of postsynaptic cells. 
C) may be inhibitory or stimulatory. 
D) elicit graded potentials near the synapse. 
E) include all of these descriptions.

Question 8

The single long process that extends from a typical motor neuron is the

Accepted Answer

A) axon. 
B) neuron. 
C) synapse. 
D) dendrite. 
E) cell body. 
A) axon. 
B) neuron. 
C) synapse. 
D) dendrite. 
E) cell body.

Question 9

Tracts (bundles of sheathed axons)

Accepted Answer

A) are found in the gray matter of the spinal cord. 
B) are found in the white matter of the spinal cord. 
C) are covered with myelin sheaths. 
D) contain fibers of sensory neurons and of interneurons. 
E) include all of these EXCEPT "found in the gray matter of the spinal cord." 
A) are found in the gray matter of the spinal cord. 
B) are found in the white matter of the spinal cord. 
C) are covered with myelin sheaths. 
D) contain fibers of sensory neurons and of interneurons. 
E) include all of these EXCEPT "found in the gray matter of the spinal cord."

Question 10

Interneurons

Accepted Answer

A) receive and process information from sensory neurons. 
B) are located in the brain and spinal cord. 
C) have many dendrites and one axon 
D) send information to motor neurons. 
E) include all of these descriptions. 
A) receive and process information from sensory neurons. 
B) are located in the brain and spinal cord. 
C) have many dendrites and one axon 
D) send information to motor neurons. 
E) include all of these descriptions.

Question 11

The part of the brain that deals with the basic drives such as hunger, sex, and thirst is the

Accepted Answer

A) cerebrum. 
B) pons. 
C) cerebellum. 
D) thalamus. 
E) hypothalamus. 
A) cerebrum. 
B) pons. 
C) cerebellum. 
D) thalamus. 
E) hypothalamus.

Question 12

During the short recovery period before another action potential, the

Accepted Answer

A) threshold value is increased. 
B) threshold value is reduced. 
C) sodium gates are shut, and the potassium gates are opened. 
D) sodium-potassium pumps restore the ion gradients across the membrane. 
E) sodium gates are shut, potassium gates are opened, and the sodium-potassium pumps restore the ion gradients across the membrane. 
A) threshold value is increased. 
B) threshold value is reduced. 
C) sodium gates are shut, and the potassium gates are opened. 
D) sodium-potassium pumps restore the ion gradients across the membrane. 
E) sodium gates are shut, potassium gates are opened, and the sodium-potassium pumps restore the ion gradients across the membrane.

Question 13

The stretch reflex is

Accepted Answer

A) one of the spinal reflexes 
B) activated by stretch-sensitive receptors inside the muscle spindles. 
C) a simple, stereotyped, and repeatable motor action. 
D) elicited by a sensory stimulus. 
E) all of these. 
A) one of the spinal reflexes 
B) activated by stretch-sensitive receptors inside the muscle spindles. 
C) a simple, stereotyped, and repeatable motor action. 
D) elicited by a sensory stimulus. 
E) all of these.

Question 14

The primary hearing interpretation portion of the brain is located

Accepted Answer

A) at the rear of the brain. 
B) midway from front to back. 
C) in the "temple" area. 
D) behind the forehead. 
E) in the cerebellum. 
A) at the rear of the brain. 
B) midway from front to back. 
C) in the "temple" area. 
D) behind the forehead. 
E) in the cerebellum.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Organs receive either parasympathetic fibers or sympathetic fibers but not both. 
B) The sympathetic nervous system that supplies an organ will also provide parasympathetic fibers to it. 
C) Both the sympathetic and parasympathetic have either excitatory or inhibitory effects. 
D) The sympathetic branch of the sympathetic system usually speeds up the activities of the body. 
E) All of these are true. 
A) Organs receive either parasympathetic fibers or sympathetic fibers but not both. 
B) The sympathetic nervous system that supplies an organ will also provide parasympathetic fibers to it. 
C) Both the sympathetic and parasympathetic have either excitatory or inhibitory effects. 
D) The sympathetic branch of the sympathetic system usually speeds up the activities of the body. 
E) All of these are true.

Question 16

Which of the following statements concerning the peripheral nervous system is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Spinal nerves lead to and from the spinal cord. 
B) There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves. 
C) Cranial nerves connect directly to the brain 
D) Peripheral nerves include axons from numerous neurons. 
E) All spinal nerves carry only motor fibers. 
A) Spinal nerves lead to and from the spinal cord. 
B) There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves. 
C) Cranial nerves connect directly to the brain 
D) Peripheral nerves include axons from numerous neurons. 
E) All spinal nerves carry only motor fibers.

Question 17

Which of the following is true concerning transport proteins in the neuron membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) Only sodium is actively transported. 
B) Only potassium is actively transported. 
C) Passive transporters with open channels prevent ions from leaking across the membrane. 
D) Active transporters move ions against their concentration gradients. 
E) It takes energy to move ions through passive transporters. 
A) Only sodium is actively transported. 
B) Only potassium is actively transported. 
C) Passive transporters with open channels prevent ions from leaking across the membrane. 
D) Active transporters move ions against their concentration gradients. 
E) It takes energy to move ions through passive transporters.

Question 18

The interaction of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems is best described as

Accepted Answer

A) antagonistic. 
B) cooperative. 
C) overriding. 
D) synergistic. 
E) ineffective. 
A) antagonistic. 
B) cooperative. 
C) overriding. 
D) synergistic. 
E) ineffective.

Question 19

Substances that alter sensory perception, cause disorientation, and inhibit the ability to perform complex tasks are

Accepted Answer

A) depressants. 
B) stimulants. 
C) analgesics. 
D) hallucinogens. 
E) antipsychotics. 
A) depressants. 
B) stimulants. 
C) analgesics. 
D) hallucinogens. 
E) antipsychotics.

Question 20

Use the figure above to answer questions 
  
-The resting membrane potential is indicated by

Accepted Answer

A) A. 
B) B. 
C) C. 
D) D. 
E) E. 
A) A. 
B) B. 
C) C. 
D) D. 
E) E.

Exam 33: Neural Control

Multiple sclerosis

Within a single motor neuron, the direction an impulse follows is

Active chemicals found in chocolate, tea, coffee, and soft drinks are examples of which of the following?

The basic unit of the nervous system is the

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system

Which statement is false about intact neurons?

Neurotransmitters

The single long process that extends from a typical motor neuron is the

Tracts (bundles of sheathed axons)

Interneurons

The part of the brain that deals with the basic drives such as hunger, sex, and thirst is the

During the short recovery period before another action potential, the

The stretch reflex is

The primary hearing interpretation portion of the brain is located

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements concerning the peripheral nervous system is false?

Which of the following is true concerning transport proteins in the neuron membrane?

The interaction of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems is best described as

Substances that alter sensory perception, cause disorientation, and inhibit the ability to perform complex tasks are

Use the figure above to answer questions -The resting membrane potential is indicated by

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

A Closer Look at Cell Membranes

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Startsphotosynthesis

Energy-Releasing Pathways

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Controls Over Genes

Recombinant Dna and Genetic Engineering

The Macroevolutionary Puzzle

Emergence of Evolutionary Thought

Organizing Information About Species

The Origin and Evolution of Life

Viruses and Prokaryotes

Protists the Simplest Eukaryotes

Plants

Fungi

Animals: the Invertebrates

Animal Evolution the Chordates

Human Evolution: a Case Study

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction

Plant Growth and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Protection, Support, and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Structure and Biodiversity

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

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