Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a basic assumption underlying scientific research?

Accepted Answer

A)  regularity in nature 
B)  reality in nature 
C)  discoverability 
D)  controllability 
A)  regularity in nature 
B)  reality in nature 
C)  discoverability 
D)  controllability

Question 2

Suppose that a student taking research methods proposes to test the hypothesis that "playing violent video games leads men to have negative attitudes toward women." After being asked to operationalize her variables the student proposes the following hypotheses. Which one provides the best operational definitions of her variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  Playing video games that advocate violence leads men to have bad feelings toward women. 
B)  Playing video games does not lead men to have negative feelings toward women. 
C)  Playing the violent video game Battle Warrior for 2 hours a day for one week will cause men to have negative attitudes toward women as measured by the Hostility Toward Women scale. 
D)  Playing Nintendo for more than 3 hours a day leads college-aged men to have negative feelings toward women. 
A)  Playing video games that advocate violence leads men to have bad feelings toward women. 
B)  Playing video games does not lead men to have negative feelings toward women. 
C)  Playing the violent video game Battle Warrior for 2 hours a day for one week will cause men to have negative attitudes toward women as measured by the Hostility Toward Women scale. 
D)  Playing Nintendo for more than 3 hours a day leads college-aged men to have negative feelings toward women.

Question 3

________is an important part of the scientific approach that is based on the notion that the origin of all knowledge is from our senses.

Accepted Answer

A)  Rationalism 
B)  Intuition 
C)  Empiricism 
D)  Authority 
A)  Rationalism 
B)  Intuition 
C)  Empiricism 
D)  Authority

Question 4

If scientific studies are to be of general use, they should be readily reproducible by others in a procedure known as

Accepted Answer

A)  replication. 
B)  empiricism. 
C)  generalization. 
D)  operationalism. 
A)  replication. 
B)  empiricism. 
C)  generalization. 
D)  operationalism.

Question 5

After every trip Pete takes to the automatic carwash he finds a new ding in his car. He concludes that this automatic carwash damages cars. He is relying on what source of knowledge?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intuition 
B)  Rationalism 
C)  Empiricism 
D)  Science 
A)  Intuition 
B)  Rationalism 
C)  Empiricism 
D)  Science

Question 6

Many people mistake "theory" for "guess" or for "unfounded assumption." This is an incorrect portrayal because theories

Accepted Answer

A)  are actually integrated summaries of facts and findings from empirical research. 
B)  are widely accepted by many authorities in the relevant field. 
C)  have been derived by a painstaking process of operationalizing. 
D)  have been proved to be true. 
A)  are actually integrated summaries of facts and findings from empirical research. 
B)  are widely accepted by many authorities in the relevant field. 
C)  have been derived by a painstaking process of operationalizing. 
D)  have been proved to be true.

Question 7

________was a philosophical approach that influenced the development of the scientific method because of its emphasis on verifying scientific information through experience or observation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Logical positivism 
B)  Falsificationism 
C)  Rationalism 
D)  Revolutionary science 
A)  Logical positivism 
B)  Falsificationism 
C)  Rationalism 
D)  Revolutionary science

Question 8

In order to isolate the cause of a behavior, research psychologists rely primarily on being able to

Accepted Answer

A)  get authoritative advice. 
B)  do statistical testing. 
C)  control the environment. 
D)  communicate their findings. 
A)  get authoritative advice. 
B)  do statistical testing. 
C)  control the environment. 
D)  communicate their findings.

Question 9

Which of the following is the basic assumption of science that states when researchers interact with the natural world this has a primary say in truth?

Accepted Answer

A)  discoverability in nature 
B)  control in nature 
C)  uniformity in nature 
D)  reality in nature 
A)  discoverability in nature 
B)  control in nature 
C)  uniformity in nature 
D)  reality in nature

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT an example of control in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  making sure the room temperature, lighting, and noise are the same for all participants in an experiment on study techniques 
B)  arranging to be the only person with access to all data files once the data have been collected 
C)  making sure all the rats in a maze-running experiment have equal access to food in their cages 
D)  arranging to test all the participants in an alertness study at the same time of day 
A)  making sure the room temperature, lighting, and noise are the same for all participants in an experiment on study techniques 
B)  arranging to be the only person with access to all data files once the data have been collected 
C)  making sure all the rats in a maze-running experiment have equal access to food in their cages 
D)  arranging to test all the participants in an alertness study at the same time of day

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a good reason for psychology students to take a research methods course?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will allow you to become a better consumer of the scientific literature 
B)  It requires more rigorous thinking than is typically found in other psychology courses 
C)  The content of psychology courses is typically based on scientific findings 
D)  You need to be able to evaluate the adequacy of the many claims you encounter daily 
A)  It will allow you to become a better consumer of the scientific literature 
B)  It requires more rigorous thinking than is typically found in other psychology courses 
C)  The content of psychology courses is typically based on scientific findings 
D)  You need to be able to evaluate the adequacy of the many claims you encounter daily

Question 12

If, in your attempt to study science, you took an empirical approach you would take the approach which has come to be known as

Accepted Answer

A)  revolutionary science. 
B)  logical positivism. 
C)  falsificationism. 
D)  naturalism. 
A)  revolutionary science. 
B)  logical positivism. 
C)  falsificationism. 
D)  naturalism.

Question 13

Being an informed and critical consumer of information will help you to critically read which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  popular magazines 
B)  newspaper 
C)  scientific journal 
D)  all of the above 
A)  popular magazines 
B)  newspaper 
C)  scientific journal 
D)  all of the above

Question 14

If you accept your physician's explanation for your illness without researching your condition or asking how she came to her conclusion, you are relying on as a source of knowledge.

Accepted Answer

A)  authority 
B)  reason 
C)  intuition 
D)  science 
A)  authority 
B)  reason 
C)  intuition 
D)  science

Question 15

In order to have a science of behavior, we have to accept the basic assumption that

Accepted Answer

A)  psychology focuses in perceptions, images, and other phenomena that have no real basis in nature. 
B)  the underlying causes of behavior are usually irrational or illogical. 
C)  there are lawful, deterministic relations between behavior and its causes. 
D)  there are no lawful relations between behavior and its causes 
A)  psychology focuses in perceptions, images, and other phenomena that have no real basis in nature. 
B)  the underlying causes of behavior are usually irrational or illogical. 
C)  there are lawful, deterministic relations between behavior and its causes. 
D)  there are no lawful relations between behavior and its causes

Question 16

__________argued there is no such thing as the method of science.

Accepted Answer

A)  Popper 
B)  Kuhn 
C)  Duhem-Quine 
D)  Feyerabend 
A)  Popper 
B)  Kuhn 
C)  Duhem-Quine 
D)  Feyerabend

Question 17

Whewell believed that_________ should be designed to systematically produce reliable and valid knowledge about the national world.

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychology 
B)  Science 
C)  Induction 
D)  Rationalism 
A)  Psychology 
B)  Science 
C)  Induction 
D)  Rationalism

Question 18

In a classic study by Jellinek 1946) research participants who thought they were drinking alcohol but were not) behaved in a drunken manner very similar to participants that did in fact drink alcohol. This finding is a good illustration of

Accepted Answer

A)  multiple operationalism. 
B)  the placebo effect. 
C)  meta-anlysis. 
D)  the impact of an extraneous variable. 
A)  multiple operationalism. 
B)  the placebo effect. 
C)  meta-anlysis. 
D)  the impact of an extraneous variable.

Question 19

Many people make use of hand-writing analysis or astrology to assess personality. Others believe that extrasensory phenomenon exist and that they may even possess such ability. Such beliefs and the knowledge imparted by individuals possessing such beliefs represent

Accepted Answer

A)  historical facts. 
B)  ritualistic knowledge. 
C)  pseudoscientific beliefs. 
D)  empirical beliefs. 
A)  historical facts. 
B)  ritualistic knowledge. 
C)  pseudoscientific beliefs. 
D)  empirical beliefs.

Question 20

Which of the following is not an objective of science?

Accepted Answer

A)  Explanation of how a phenomenon works. 
B)  Prediction of what will happen in the future, under certain conditions. 
C)  Proving a theory is true. 
D)  Controlling conditions that determine a phenomenon 
A)  Explanation of how a phenomenon works. 
B)  Prediction of what will happen in the future, under certain conditions. 
C)  Proving a theory is true. 
D)  Controlling conditions that determine a phenomenon

Which of the following is NOT a basic assumption underlying scientific research?

________is an important part of the scientific approach that is based on the notion that the origin of all knowledge is from our senses.

If scientific studies are to be of general use, they should be readily reproducible by others in a procedure known as

After every trip Pete takes to the automatic carwash he finds a new ding in his car. He concludes that this automatic carwash damages cars. He is relying on what source of knowledge?

Many people mistake "theory" for "guess" or for "unfounded assumption." This is an incorrect portrayal because theories

________was a philosophical approach that influenced the development of the scientific method because of its emphasis on verifying scientific information through experience or observation.

In order to isolate the cause of a behavior, research psychologists rely primarily on being able to

Which of the following is the basic assumption of science that states when researchers interact with the natural world this has a primary say in truth?

Which of the following is NOT an example of control in an experiment?

Which of the following is NOT a good reason for psychology students to take a research methods course?

If, in your attempt to study science, you took an empirical approach you would take the approach which has come to be known as

Being an informed and critical consumer of information will help you to critically read which of the following?

If you accept your physician's explanation for your illness without researching your condition or asking how she came to her conclusion, you are relying on as a source of knowledge.

In order to have a science of behavior, we have to accept the basic assumption that

__________argued there is no such thing as the method of science.

Whewell believed that_________ should be designed to systematically produce reliable and valid knowledge about the national world.

In a classic study by Jellinek 1946) research participants who thought they were drinking alcohol but were not) behaved in a drunken manner very similar to participants that did in fact drink alcohol. This finding is a good illustration of

Many people make use of hand-writing analysis or astrology to assess personality. Others believe that extrasensory phenomenon exist and that they may even possess such ability. Such beliefs and the knowledge imparted by individuals possessing such beliefs represent

Which of the following is not an objective of science?

Research Approaches and Methods of Data Collection

Problem Identification and Hypothesis Formation

Ethics

Measuring Variables and Sampling

Research Validity

Control Techniques in Experimental Research

Experimental Research Design

Procedure for Conducting an Experiment

Quasi-Experimental Designs

Single-Case Research Designs

Survey Research

Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Preparing the Research Report for Presentation or Publication

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction to Scientific Research

Which of the following is NOT a basic assumption underlying scientific research?

________is an important part of the scientific approach that is based on the notion that the origin of all knowledge is from our senses.

If scientific studies are to be of general use, they should be readily reproducible by others in a procedure known as

After every trip Pete takes to the automatic carwash he finds a new ding in his car. He concludes that this automatic carwash damages cars. He is relying on what source of knowledge?

Many people mistake "theory" for "guess" or for "unfounded assumption." This is an incorrect portrayal because theories

________was a philosophical approach that influenced the development of the scientific method because of its emphasis on verifying scientific information through experience or observation.

In order to isolate the cause of a behavior, research psychologists rely primarily on being able to

Which of the following is the basic assumption of science that states when researchers interact with the natural world this has a primary say in truth?

Which of the following is NOT an example of control in an experiment?

Which of the following is NOT a good reason for psychology students to take a research methods course?

If, in your attempt to study science, you took an empirical approach you would take the approach which has come to be known as

Being an informed and critical consumer of information will help you to critically read which of the following?

If you accept your physician's explanation for your illness without researching your condition or asking how she came to her conclusion, you are relying on as a source of knowledge.

In order to have a science of behavior, we have to accept the basic assumption that

__________argued there is no such thing as the method of science.

Whewell believed that_________ should be designed to systematically produce reliable and valid knowledge about the national world.

In a classic study by Jellinek 1946) research participants who thought they were drinking alcohol but were not) behaved in a drunken manner very similar to participants that did in fact drink alcohol. This finding is a good illustration of

Many people make use of hand-writing analysis or astrology to assess personality. Others believe that extrasensory phenomenon exist and that they may even possess such ability. Such beliefs and the knowledge imparted by individuals possessing such beliefs represent

Which of the following is not an objective of science?

Research Approaches and Methods of Data Collection

Problem Identification and Hypothesis Formation

Ethics

Measuring Variables and Sampling

Research Validity

Control Techniques in Experimental Research

Experimental Research Design

Procedure for Conducting an Experiment

Quasi-Experimental Designs

Single-Case Research Designs

Survey Research

Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Preparing the Research Report for Presentation or Publication

Filters