Question 1

Karl Popper advocated a deductive approach to science that focused on attempting to disprove hypotheses. His approach is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  logical positivism 
B)  falsificationism 
C)  determinability 
D)  naturalism 
A)  logical positivism 
B)  falsificationism 
C)  determinability 
D)  naturalism

Question 2

Jackie's friend tells her what to do in her personal life based on her "gut instincts." A more formal name for this source of knowledge is

Accepted Answer

A)  rationalism. 
B)  hypothesis testing. 
C)  appeal to authority. 
D)  intuition. 
A)  rationalism. 
B)  hypothesis testing. 
C)  appeal to authority. 
D)  intuition.

Question 3

Naturalism rejects__________ which assumes that knowledge is a matter of deductive reasoning and that knowledge is fully certain.

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic epistemology 
B)  the Duhem-Quine principle 
C)  foundational epistemology 
D)  empirical adequacy 
A)  genetic epistemology 
B)  the Duhem-Quine principle 
C)  foundational epistemology 
D)  empirical adequacy

Question 4

In the past there were a group of psychologists that were known as behaviorists because the approach they advocated was bound by a set of beliefs regarding the way behavior or responses are acquired and changed. These psychologists took the position that the responses we learn are a function of the consequences of our behavior. This position or set of beliefs would represent

Accepted Answer

A)  a rigid approach to science. 
B)  a paradigm. 
C)  the period of time in which intuition was the dominant mode of thought. 
D)  reliance on authority 
A)  a rigid approach to science. 
B)  a paradigm. 
C)  the period of time in which intuition was the dominant mode of thought. 
D)  reliance on authority

Question 5

Even though replication is accepted as an important aspect of the scientific method, few scientists actually do studies that use the exact same procedure of past experiments. Why not?

Accepted Answer

A)  Replications are rarely published. 
B)  In reality, replication studies rarely reproduce previous results, and scientists don't want to have to deal with conflicting data. 
C)  Scientists do not believe that replications are important 
D)  Replications are typically very expensive. 
A)  Replications are rarely published. 
B)  In reality, replication studies rarely reproduce previous results, and scientists don't want to have to deal with conflicting data. 
C)  Scientists do not believe that replications are important 
D)  Replications are typically very expensive.

Question 6

One approach to gaining knowledge is known as and involves using reasoning to acquire knowledge.

Accepted Answer

A)  determinism 
B)  logic of discovery 
C)  rationalism 
D)  naturalism 
A)  determinism 
B)  logic of discovery 
C)  rationalism 
D)  naturalism

Question 7

Latané and Darnley 1969) were one of the first to conduct experiments on the now well known "bystander effect". They were prompted to conduct theses experiments by the famous case of the murder of Kitty Genovese. When a specific situation leads to a general understanding of behavior, this is called?

Accepted Answer

A)  empiricism 
B)  deduction 
C)  naturalism 
D)  induction 
A)  empiricism 
B)  deduction 
C)  naturalism 
D)  induction

Question 8

Which of the following is not an objective of scientific research?

Accepted Answer

A)  description 
B)  prediction 
C)  explanation 
D)  power 
A)  description 
B)  prediction 
C)  explanation 
D)  power

Question 9

Operationalism

Accepted Answer

A)  is a hindrance in scientific research because it limits researchers ability to define constructs in multiple ways. 
B)  is needed so that all researchers will use the same precise definition of a construct. 
C)  is necessary so that researchers will be clear about defining the terms of their studies. 
D)  is not necessary because recent advances in technology make collection of behavioral data much more precise. 
A)  is a hindrance in scientific research because it limits researchers ability to define constructs in multiple ways. 
B)  is needed so that all researchers will use the same precise definition of a construct. 
C)  is necessary so that researchers will be clear about defining the terms of their studies. 
D)  is not necessary because recent advances in technology make collection of behavioral data much more precise.

Question 10

After research shows that anxiety can be reduced through a new type of cognitive therapy, therapists begin using the technique more frequently. This illustrates which of the following objectives of psychological research?

Accepted Answer

A)  explanation 
B)  control or influence 
C)  description 
D)  prediction 
A)  explanation 
B)  control or influence 
C)  description 
D)  prediction

Question 11

Consulting the expertise of an Authority can be useful when

Accepted Answer

A)  designing a study. 
B)  forming a hypothesis 
C)  interpreting data 
D)  All of the above 
A)  designing a study. 
B)  forming a hypothesis 
C)  interpreting data 
D)  All of the above

Question 12

Dr. Nettles conducts a literature review in the area of cognitive behavioral therapy and then decided to quantitatively combine and integrate multiple research studies on this topic. This technique is called

Accepted Answer

A)  replication 
B)  meta-analysis 
C)  operationalism 
D)  multiple operationalism 
A)  replication 
B)  meta-analysis 
C)  operationalism 
D)  multiple operationalism

Question 13

Which of the following methods is NOT useful when forming a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intuition 
B)  Hoaxing 
C)  Rationalism 
D)  Authority 
A)  Intuition 
B)  Hoaxing 
C)  Rationalism 
D)  Authority

Karl Popper advocated a deductive approach to science that focused on attempting to disprove hypotheses. His approach is known as

Jackie's friend tells her what to do in her personal life based on her "gut instincts." A more formal name for this source of knowledge is

Naturalism rejects__________ which assumes that knowledge is a matter of deductive reasoning and that knowledge is fully certain.

Even though replication is accepted as an important aspect of the scientific method, few scientists actually do studies that use the exact same procedure of past experiments. Why not?

One approach to gaining knowledge is known as and involves using reasoning to acquire knowledge.

Which of the following is not an objective of scientific research?

Operationalism

After research shows that anxiety can be reduced through a new type of cognitive therapy, therapists begin using the technique more frequently. This illustrates which of the following objectives of psychological research?

Consulting the expertise of an Authority can be useful when

Dr. Nettles conducts a literature review in the area of cognitive behavioral therapy and then decided to quantitatively combine and integrate multiple research studies on this topic. This technique is called

Which of the following methods is NOT useful when forming a hypothesis?

Research Approaches and Methods of Data Collection

Problem Identification and Hypothesis Formation

Ethics

Measuring Variables and Sampling

Research Validity

Control Techniques in Experimental Research

Experimental Research Design

Procedure for Conducting an Experiment

Quasi-Experimental Designs

Single-Case Research Designs

Survey Research

Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Preparing the Research Report for Presentation or Publication

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction to Scientific Research

Karl Popper advocated a deductive approach to science that focused on attempting to disprove hypotheses. His approach is known as

Jackie's friend tells her what to do in her personal life based on her "gut instincts." A more formal name for this source of knowledge is

Naturalism rejects__________ which assumes that knowledge is a matter of deductive reasoning and that knowledge is fully certain.

Even though replication is accepted as an important aspect of the scientific method, few scientists actually do studies that use the exact same procedure of past experiments. Why not?

One approach to gaining knowledge is known as and involves using reasoning to acquire knowledge.

Which of the following is not an objective of scientific research?

Operationalism

After research shows that anxiety can be reduced through a new type of cognitive therapy, therapists begin using the technique more frequently. This illustrates which of the following objectives of psychological research?

Consulting the expertise of an Authority can be useful when

Dr. Nettles conducts a literature review in the area of cognitive behavioral therapy and then decided to quantitatively combine and integrate multiple research studies on this topic. This technique is called

Which of the following methods is NOT useful when forming a hypothesis?

Research Approaches and Methods of Data Collection

Problem Identification and Hypothesis Formation

Ethics

Measuring Variables and Sampling

Research Validity

Control Techniques in Experimental Research

Experimental Research Design

Procedure for Conducting an Experiment

Quasi-Experimental Designs

Single-Case Research Designs

Survey Research

Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Preparing the Research Report for Presentation or Publication

Filters