Question 1

All of the following are true of mycorrhizae EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  ectomycorrhizae extend the surface area of roots for nutrient absorption. 
B)  they enable plants to absorb soil nutrients. 
C)  an example is the food delicacy truffles. 
D)  the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae are a type of ectomycorrhizae. 
E)  they are fungi that form beneficial relationships with plants. 
A)  ectomycorrhizae extend the surface area of roots for nutrient absorption. 
B)  they enable plants to absorb soil nutrients. 
C)  an example is the food delicacy truffles. 
D)  the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae are a type of ectomycorrhizae. 
E)  they are fungi that form beneficial relationships with plants.

Question 2

Figure 27.1
  
-Which step in Figure 27.1 represents anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
E)  V 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
E)  V

Question 3

In small communities lacking municipal sewage systems, sewage is treated in septic systems or oxidation ponds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Biochemical oxygen demand is a measure of the

Accepted Answer

A)  amount of organic matter present in a water sample. 
B)  number of bacteria present in a water sample. 
C)  amount of nitrogen in a water sample. 
D)  amount of oxygen present in a water sample. 
E)  amount of undissolved solid matter present in a water sample. 
A)  amount of organic matter present in a water sample. 
B)  number of bacteria present in a water sample. 
C)  amount of nitrogen in a water sample. 
D)  amount of oxygen present in a water sample. 
E)  amount of undissolved solid matter present in a water sample.

Question 5

Which of the following terms describes step III in Figure 27.1?

Accepted Answer

A)  ammonification 
B)  nitrification 
C)  nitrogen fixation 
D)  denitrification 
E)  assimilation 
A)  ammonification 
B)  nitrification 
C)  nitrogen fixation 
D)  denitrification 
E)  assimilation

Question 6

Nitrification is beneficial to farmers. It is represented by which step in Figure 27.1?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
E)  V 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
E)  V

Question 7

Microorganisms in deep-sea vents and caves serve as autotrophic primary producers in the absence of sunlight.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Figure 27.1
  
-Which term in Figure 27.1 describes step V?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen fixation 
B)  ammonification 
C)  nitrification 
D)  dissimilation 
E)  denitrification 
A)  nitrogen fixation 
B)  ammonification 
C)  nitrification 
D)  dissimilation 
E)  denitrification

Question 9

The BOD is a measurement of the amount of bacteria present before and after the sewage treatment process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The product of which process contains the highest BOD?

Accepted Answer

A)  anaerobic sludge digestion 
B)  primary sewage treatment 
C)  secondary sewage treatment 
D)  tertiary sewage treatment 
E)  water treatment 
A)  anaerobic sludge digestion 
B)  primary sewage treatment 
C)  secondary sewage treatment 
D)  tertiary sewage treatment 
E)  water treatment

Question 11

All of the following are used in secondary sewage treatment EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  trickling filters. 
B)  aeration. 
C)  sludge granules or floc formation. 
D)  activated sludge. 
E)  anaerobic digestion. 
A)  trickling filters. 
B)  aeration. 
C)  sludge granules or floc formation. 
D)  activated sludge. 
E)  anaerobic digestion.

Question 12

Bacteria that are used as biosensors

Accepted Answer

A)  degrade hazardous chemicals. 
B)  have chlorophyll. 
C)  do not emit light in the presence of a hazardous chemical. 
D)  may use the lux operon. 
E)  migrate to the hazardous chemical. 
A)  degrade hazardous chemicals. 
B)  have chlorophyll. 
C)  do not emit light in the presence of a hazardous chemical. 
D)  may use the lux operon. 
E)  migrate to the hazardous chemical.

Question 13

Which of the following is an assimilation process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Redwood tree: SO42- → Sulfhydryl groups of amino acids 
B)  Desulfovibrio: SO42- → H2S 
C)  Thiobacillus: H2S → S0 
D)  Proteus: Sulfhydryl-containing amino acids → H2S 
E)  Photosynthetic bacteria: H2S → S0 
A)  Redwood tree: SO42- → Sulfhydryl groups of amino acids 
B)  Desulfovibrio: SO42- → H2S 
C)  Thiobacillus: H2S → S0 
D)  Proteus: Sulfhydryl-containing amino acids → H2S 
E)  Photosynthetic bacteria: H2S → S0

Question 14

Drinking water supplies are routinely tested for the presence of

Accepted Answer

A)  Vibrio. 
B)  Cryptosporidium. 
C)  Giardia. 
D)  fecal viruses. 
E)  fecal coliforms. 
A)  Vibrio. 
B)  Cryptosporidium. 
C)  Giardia. 
D)  fecal viruses. 
E)  fecal coliforms.

Question 15

Which of the following is required for composting?

Accepted Answer

A)  periodic turning or raking of the compost pile 
B)  addition of non-biodegradable materials 
C)  addition of thermophilic microbes 
D)  addition of nitrogen and phosphorus sources 
E)  constant anaerobic conditions 
A)  periodic turning or raking of the compost pile 
B)  addition of non-biodegradable materials 
C)  addition of thermophilic microbes 
D)  addition of nitrogen and phosphorus sources 
E)  constant anaerobic conditions

Question 16

Figure 27.1
  
-Which step in Figure 27.1 represents the following reaction: amino acid ( -NH2) → NH₃?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
E)  V 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
E)  V

Question 17

The release of phosphate-containing detergents into a river would

Accepted Answer

A)  improve the water quality. 
B)  kill algae. 
C)  increase algal growth. 
D)  kill bacteria. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  improve the water quality. 
B)  kill algae. 
C)  increase algal growth. 
D)  kill bacteria. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 18

The water from tertiary sewage treatment can be used as drinking water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The purpose of tertiary sewage treatment is to remove all of the phosphorus, nitrogen, and BOD left from secondary treatment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Figure 27.2
  
-Where are the benthic microbes such as Desulfovibrio and Clostridium most likely to be found in Figure 27.2?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  b and c 
E)  a and b 
A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  b and c 
E)  a and b

Exam 27: Environmental Microbiology

All of the following are true of mycorrhizae EXCEPT

Figure 27.1 -Which step in Figure 27.1 represents anaerobic respiration?

In small communities lacking municipal sewage systems, sewage is treated in septic systems or oxidation ponds.

Biochemical oxygen demand is a measure of the

Which of the following terms describes step III in Figure 27.1?

Nitrification is beneficial to farmers. It is represented by which step in Figure 27.1?

Microorganisms in deep-sea vents and caves serve as autotrophic primary producers in the absence of sunlight.

Figure 27.1 -Which term in Figure 27.1 describes step V?

The BOD is a measurement of the amount of bacteria present before and after the sewage treatment process.

The product of which process contains the highest BOD?

All of the following are used in secondary sewage treatment EXCEPT

Bacteria that are used as biosensors

Which of the following is an assimilation process?

Drinking water supplies are routinely tested for the presence of

Which of the following is required for composting?

Figure 27.1 -Which step in Figure 27.1 represents the following reaction: amino acid ( -NH2) → NH₃?

The release of phosphate-containing detergents into a river would

The water from tertiary sewage treatment can be used as drinking water.

The purpose of tertiary sewage treatment is to remove all of the phosphorus, nitrogen, and BOD left from secondary treatment.

Figure 27.2 -Where are the benthic microbes such as Desulfovibrio and Clostridium most likely to be found in Figure 27.2?

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Dna Technology

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Disease of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

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