Question 1

_______ refers to the desire to engage in an activity because we enjoy it,not because we expect external rewards.

Accepted Answer

A)  Intrinsic motivation 
B)  Hedonic motivation 
C)  The overjustification effect 
D)  Extrinsic motivation 
E)  Reward motivation 
A)  Intrinsic motivation 
B)  Hedonic motivation 
C)  The overjustification effect 
D)  Extrinsic motivation 
E)  Reward motivation A

Question 2

Why might a person wish for feedback that confirms his or her negative self-concept? Discuss the self-verification theory perspective.

Accepted Answer

Self-verification theory suggests that we are motivated to know the truth about ourselves,even if that truth is verification of our own negative self-concept.This is because that will help to maintain a coherent self-concept over time and it may be threatening if others have (what we think of as)an unrealistically high expectations of us that we cannot meet.
However,the tendency to seek self-verification over self-enhancement does depend on the dimension of the self that is being evaluated and our relationship with the evaluator.We prefer enhancement of the dimension of the self that is most relevant or important to the relationship with the evaluator (e.g.,physical attractiveness in a dating relationship),but accuracy on other dimensions.

Question 3

When athletes and academics are highly intrinsically motivated it affects attitude and behaviour by

Accepted Answer

A)  decreasing enjoyment but increasing performance. 
B)  decreasing enjoyment and decreasing persistence. 
C)  increasing enjoyment and increasing persistence. 
D)  decreasing enjoyment but increasing persistence. 
E)  increasing enjoyment but decreasing persistence. 
A)  decreasing enjoyment but increasing performance. 
B)  decreasing enjoyment and decreasing persistence. 
C)  increasing enjoyment and increasing persistence. 
D)  decreasing enjoyment but increasing persistence. 
E)  increasing enjoyment but decreasing persistence. C

Question 4

Performance-contingent rewards depend on how well people perform the task.This type of reward

Accepted Answer

A)  is more likely to decrease interest in a task than task-contingent rewards. 
B)  is less likely to decrease interest in a task than task-contingent rewards. 
C)  is subject to the over-justification effect. 
D)  leads to self-enhancement. 
E)  is an important part of social comparison theory. 
A)  is more likely to decrease interest in a task than task-contingent rewards. 
B)  is less likely to decrease interest in a task than task-contingent rewards. 
C)  is subject to the over-justification effect. 
D)  leads to self-enhancement. 
E)  is an important part of social comparison theory.

Question 5

In a study by Heine and colleagues,when placed in front of a mirror Canadian students were ________ likely to cheat,while Japanese students were ________ likely to cheat,compared to when there was no mirror present.

Accepted Answer

A)  more; less 
B)  less; more 
C)  less; equally 
D)  equally; less 
E)  more; equally 
A)  more; less 
B)  less; more 
C)  less; equally 
D)  equally; less 
E)  more; equally

Question 6

Which subjects in Tiggeman & Polivy's (2010)study of the effects of social comparison had the LEAST dissatisfaction with their bodies and LEAST negative mood?

Accepted Answer

A)  subjects who had compared their appearance with that of a thin model 
B)  subjects who had compared their intelligence with that of a thin model 
C)  subjects who had compared their height with that of a tall model 
D)  subjects who had compared their morality with that of a thin model 
E)  subjects who had compared their appearance with a slim television actress 
A)  subjects who had compared their appearance with that of a thin model 
B)  subjects who had compared their intelligence with that of a thin model 
C)  subjects who had compared their height with that of a tall model 
D)  subjects who had compared their morality with that of a thin model 
E)  subjects who had compared their appearance with a slim television actress

Question 7

The development of our sense of self is partly influenced by the culture in which we grow up.For example,in Western cultures people tend to have a(n)_______ view of the self,whereas in non-Western cultures people tend to have a(n)_______ view of the self.

Accepted Answer

A)  intrinsic; extrinsic 
B)  extrinsic; intrinsic 
C)  interdependent; independent 
D)  independent; interdependent 
E)  clear; poorly defined 
A)  intrinsic; extrinsic 
B)  extrinsic; intrinsic 
C)  interdependent; independent 
D)  independent; interdependent 
E)  clear; poorly defined

Question 8

Describe the differences between downward and upward social comparison.How do they influence our sense of self?

Accepted Answer

Downward social comparison is the proces

Question 9

_______ refers to the desire to undertake an activity because of external rewards,not because we find it interesting or enjoyable.

Accepted Answer

A)  Social comparison 
B)  Extrinsic motivation 
C)  Intrinsic motivation 
D)  Internal motivation 
E)  Compliance 
A)  Social comparison 
B)  Extrinsic motivation 
C)  Intrinsic motivation 
D)  Internal motivation 
E)  Compliance

Question 10

Which of the following ways of understanding ourselves is social?

Accepted Answer

A)  Keeping a diary to record our behaviours. 
B)  Using introspection to infer our attitudes. 
C)  Attending to other people's opinions of us. 
D)  Making attributions to explain the causes of our behaviours. 
E)  Observing our own behaviours to decide how we feel. 
A)  Keeping a diary to record our behaviours. 
B)  Using introspection to infer our attitudes. 
C)  Attending to other people's opinions of us. 
D)  Making attributions to explain the causes of our behaviours. 
E)  Observing our own behaviours to decide how we feel.

Question 11

Holding unrealistically positive views of oneself is called

Accepted Answer

A)  self-affirmation. 
B)  self-verification. 
C)  self-completion. 
D)  self-esteem. 
E)  self-enhancement. 
A)  self-affirmation. 
B)  self-verification. 
C)  self-completion. 
D)  self-esteem. 
E)  self-enhancement.

Question 12

Bonnie has generally low self-esteem.According to Danu Anthony Stinson's research on sociometer theory,she will be most willing to join a new social group if

Accepted Answer

A)  someone in the group tells her that they have heard she has many good qualities and the group expects they will like her. 
B)  the group has a reputation for being unwelcoming. 
C)  someone in the group tells her that they are unlikely to accept her as a member of the group and she should find someone else to be friends with. 
D)  someone in the group tells her that they have heard she is a good person and that they will probably become friends after they have taken the time to get to know each other. 
E)  the group has a reputation for being warm and accepting. 
A)  someone in the group tells her that they have heard she has many good qualities and the group expects they will like her. 
B)  the group has a reputation for being unwelcoming. 
C)  someone in the group tells her that they are unlikely to accept her as a member of the group and she should find someone else to be friends with. 
D)  someone in the group tells her that they have heard she is a good person and that they will probably become friends after they have taken the time to get to know each other. 
E)  the group has a reputation for being warm and accepting.

Question 13

According to the textbook,self-enhancement is

Accepted Answer

A)  universal. 
B)  more common in collectivistic cultures. 
C)  largely a phenomenon of individualistic cultures. 
D)  more common among women than men. 
E)  negatively related to psychosocial adjustment. 
A)  universal. 
B)  more common in collectivistic cultures. 
C)  largely a phenomenon of individualistic cultures. 
D)  more common among women than men. 
E)  negatively related to psychosocial adjustment.

Question 14

Surveys of Canadian university students show a tendency for students to think they are _______ most other students.

Accepted Answer

A)  worse off than 
B)  better than 
C)  equal to 
D)  worse than 
E)  stronger than 
A)  worse off than 
B)  better than 
C)  equal to 
D)  worse than 
E)  stronger than

Question 15

Our self-concept based on how we appear to others is called

Accepted Answer

A)  looking-glass self. 
B)  comparative self. 
C)  introspected self. 
D)  socially-adjusted self. 
E)  projected self. 
A)  looking-glass self. 
B)  comparative self. 
C)  introspected self. 
D)  socially-adjusted self. 
E)  projected self.

Question 16

______________ posits that self-esteem is a gauge that monitors the extent to which we are accepted or rejected by others.

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-Awareness Theory 
B)  The Looking Glass Self 
C)  Self-Perception Theory 
D)  Self-Verification Theory 
E)  Sociometer Theory 
A)  Self-Awareness Theory 
B)  The Looking Glass Self 
C)  Self-Perception Theory 
D)  Self-Verification Theory 
E)  Sociometer Theory

Question 17

Self-perception theory argues that when our attitudes and feelings are uncertain or ambiguous,we infer these states

Accepted Answer

A)  through introspection. 
B)  by observing our behaviour and the situation in which it occurs. 
C)  altering our self-schema. 
D)  by observing the behaviour of others in the same situation. 
E)  carefully considering all the variables involved. 
A)  through introspection. 
B)  by observing our behaviour and the situation in which it occurs. 
C)  altering our self-schema. 
D)  by observing the behaviour of others in the same situation. 
E)  carefully considering all the variables involved.

Question 18

Which of the following would be most likely to reach to touch a spot of red dye when seeing his or her reflection in a mirror?

Accepted Answer

A)  an adult rhesus monkey 
B)  an adult chimpanzee 
C)  a six-month-old human infant 
D)  a one-year-old human infant 
E)  an infant gorilla 
A)  an adult rhesus monkey 
B)  an adult chimpanzee 
C)  a six-month-old human infant 
D)  a one-year-old human infant 
E)  an infant gorilla

Question 19

Mariana wonders whether she has the potential to become a first-rate social psychologist.To assess her potential,she would most likely compare herself to

Accepted Answer

A)  Leon Festinger. 
B)  other university students she knows. 
C)  her parents. 
D)  famous social psychologists whose research she has read. 
E)  other psychology majors she knows. 
A)  Leon Festinger. 
B)  other university students she knows. 
C)  her parents. 
D)  famous social psychologists whose research she has read. 
E)  other psychology majors she knows.

Question 20

Maurice had always gotten a lot of satisfaction from caring for his brothers and sisters when they were sick.A few months ago,Maurice's father convinced him to take a job at a hospital as a nurse's aid so that he could earn money doing what he enjoyed.Now that Maurice has been working at the hospital for awhile,he no longer enjoys caring for sick people as much as he did before he took the job.One reason for Maurice's attitude change may be that the job has undermined his _______ for helping others.

Accepted Answer

A)  causal motivation 
B)  intrinsic motivation 
C)  extrinsic motivation 
D)  internal justification 
E)  external justification 
A)  causal motivation 
B)  intrinsic motivation 
C)  extrinsic motivation 
D)  internal justification 
E)  external justification

_______ refers to the desire to engage in an activity because we enjoy it,not because we expect external rewards.

Why might a person wish for feedback that confirms his or her negative self-concept? Discuss the self-verification theory perspective.

When athletes and academics are highly intrinsically motivated it affects attitude and behaviour by

Performance-contingent rewards depend on how well people perform the task.This type of reward

In a study by Heine and colleagues,when placed in front of a mirror Canadian students were likely to cheat,while Japanese students were likely to cheat,compared to when there was no mirror present.

Which subjects in Tiggeman & Polivy's (2010)study of the effects of social comparison had the LEAST dissatisfaction with their bodies and LEAST negative mood?

The development of our sense of self is partly influenced by the culture in which we grow up.For example,in Western cultures people tend to have a(n)_ view of the self,whereas in non-Western cultures people tend to have a(n)_ view of the self.

Describe the differences between downward and upward social comparison.How do they influence our sense of self?

_______ refers to the desire to undertake an activity because of external rewards,not because we find it interesting or enjoyable.

Which of the following ways of understanding ourselves is social?

Holding unrealistically positive views of oneself is called

Bonnie has generally low self-esteem.According to Danu Anthony Stinson's research on sociometer theory,she will be most willing to join a new social group if

According to the textbook,self-enhancement is

Surveys of Canadian university students show a tendency for students to think they are _______ most other students.

Our self-concept based on how we appear to others is called

______________ posits that self-esteem is a gauge that monitors the extent to which we are accepted or rejected by others.

Self-perception theory argues that when our attitudes and feelings are uncertain or ambiguous,we infer these states

Which of the following would be most likely to reach to touch a spot of red dye when seeing his or her reflection in a mirror?

Mariana wonders whether she has the potential to become a first-rate social psychologist.To assess her potential,she would most likely compare herself to

Introduction to Social Psychology

Methodology

Social Cognition

Social Perception

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Conformity

Group Processes

Interpersonal Attraction

Prosocial Behaviour

Aggression

Prejudice

Social Psychology in Action 1

Social Psychology in Action 2

Social Psychology in Action 3

Filters

Exam 5: The Self Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

_______ refers to the desire to engage in an activity because we enjoy it,not because we expect external rewards.

Why might a person wish for feedback that confirms his or her negative self-concept? Discuss the self-verification theory perspective.

When athletes and academics are highly intrinsically motivated it affects attitude and behaviour by

Performance-contingent rewards depend on how well people perform the task.This type of reward

In a study by Heine and colleagues,when placed in front of a mirror Canadian students were ________ likely to cheat,while Japanese students were ________ likely to cheat,compared to when there was no mirror present.

Which subjects in Tiggeman & Polivy's (2010)study of the effects of social comparison had the LEAST dissatisfaction with their bodies and LEAST negative mood?

The development of our sense of self is partly influenced by the culture in which we grow up.For example,in Western cultures people tend to have a(n)_______ view of the self,whereas in non-Western cultures people tend to have a(n)_______ view of the self.

Describe the differences between downward and upward social comparison.How do they influence our sense of self?

_______ refers to the desire to undertake an activity because of external rewards,not because we find it interesting or enjoyable.

Which of the following ways of understanding ourselves is social?

Holding unrealistically positive views of oneself is called

Bonnie has generally low self-esteem.According to Danu Anthony Stinson's research on sociometer theory,she will be most willing to join a new social group if

According to the textbook,self-enhancement is

Surveys of Canadian university students show a tendency for students to think they are _______ most other students.

Our self-concept based on how we appear to others is called

______________ posits that self-esteem is a gauge that monitors the extent to which we are accepted or rejected by others.

Self-perception theory argues that when our attitudes and feelings are uncertain or ambiguous,we infer these states

Which of the following would be most likely to reach to touch a spot of red dye when seeing his or her reflection in a mirror?

Mariana wonders whether she has the potential to become a first-rate social psychologist.To assess her potential,she would most likely compare herself to

Introduction to Social Psychology

Methodology

Social Cognition

Social Perception

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Conformity

Group Processes

Interpersonal Attraction

Prosocial Behaviour

Aggression

Prejudice

Social Psychology in Action 1

Social Psychology in Action 2

Social Psychology in Action 3

Filters

In a study by Heine and colleagues,when placed in front of a mirror Canadian students were likely to cheat,while Japanese students were likely to cheat,compared to when there was no mirror present.

The development of our sense of self is partly influenced by the culture in which we grow up.For example,in Western cultures people tend to have a(n)_ view of the self,whereas in non-Western cultures people tend to have a(n)_ view of the self.