Exam 5: The Self Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

The authors of your text described the history behind a clever experiment conducted by Richard Nisbett and Tim Wilson (1977).Lacking inspiration when trying to design the experiment,the researchers decided that noise outside their office door was distracting them.They decided to use noise as a distraction in their experiment and predicted that distracting noises would influence participants' judgments,even though they didn't know they were distracted by the noise.Results of the actual experiment showed that although participants' ratings of a film were not affected by distracting noises,participants erroneously thought they were.This anecdote provided by your authors demonstrates that

Richard Nisbett and Tim Wilson (1977)had participants watch a film either with or without distracting noises in the background.Results of their experiment demonstrated that

A parent hands her children a dollar each for helping to rake leaves and also says,"And wasn't it great,all of us pitching in together,helping each other?" By reminding her children that the task was also enjoyable,she is working to

According to self-perception theory,if you are not sure how much you like classical music,you are likely to

According to the tenets of self-perception theory,which of the following audience members would report that he or she really loved the taping of The Late Show with David Letterman?

The principal of a local elementary school plans to implement a "Reading for Cash" program,in which children would be given cash rewards for reading.Before investing in this plan,the principal asks for your assessment.Because ___________,you would probably tell her that the program would not be an effective way to increase interest in reading.

In which of the following circumstances would we generally feel worse after social comparison?

Performance-contingent rewards are a type of

From the perspective of self-awareness theory,alcohol abuse,binge eating,and suicide are alike in that they

When Linda was a child,her friends at school all earned a lot of money if their grades were good.Linda went to her parents and asked that she be given money for good report cards.Her parents agreed.She would earn a nickel for every "A" and a dollar if she earned "all A's." Her friends,of course,were offered much more money for good grades.Using self-perception theory and the overjustification effect,explain why Linda's parents might have offered her such meager monetary rewards for academic success.

Simone runs simply because it gives her pleasure to exercise outside and to leave her daily worries behind as she works up a sweat.In this instance,Simone is _______ to run.

The text concludes that,in terms of self-awareness,East Asians have a(n)________ perspective whereas Westerners have a(n)________ perspective.

"My close relationships are an important reflection of who I am" and "when I think of myself,I often think of my close friends and family also" are two items from a scale which was designed to measure individual differences in

_______ refers to the process of looking inward and examining our thoughts,feelings,and motives.

Most of us conceive of the self as an inherent part of who we are,constant,coherent,and stable.Still,social psychologists view the self as constructed over time.Briefly describe how early life experiences,culture,and gender influence this development or construction of our sense of self.

People strive to uphold their negative self-beliefs only when they

According to self-perception theory (Bem,1972),we infer the kind of person we are and what our attitudes are by

_______ is who we are,and _______ is our best self.

Jana's New Year's resolution is to train to run a 10km race.She has been doing great,getting up to go on a run at 7am five days a week,including this morning.When she's headed to work after her run,she gets to the subway station and finds that there is a service disruption.She will have to wait 15 minutes for the next train.Based on the self-control approach,what is most likely to happen?

Whereas Americans have a proverb,"The squeaky wheel gets the grease," Japanese have a proverb that states "The nail that stands out gets pounded down." These two different proverbs mirror social-psychological research that has demonstrated that people in Asian cultures