Exam 2: Methodology

Tony has been doing research on age and aggression.He has discovered that the older a person gets,the less likely he or she is to aggress against another person.What kind of relationship best describes Tony's findings?

In what way is archival research most like the systematic observation of ongoing behaviours? Both methods

John conducted an experiment on whether listening to different types of music affects people's stress levels.When participants arrived at the lab,they could choose to listen to classical music,folk music,or rock music.After listening for 15 minutes,John assessed how stressed his participants were by testing their saliva for stress hormones.The major mistake that John made with his research design was

The correlational method most often makes use of ________ data.

It is important to know the probability level for a given set of experimental findings because p-values

Internal validity is to ________ as external validity is to ________.

Briefly define psychological realism and provide an example of each.

Professor Atkins wonders whether more people attend confession during the Christmas season than at other times of the year.Three times per week during the months of February,April,September,and December,he sits quietly at the back of a church and records how many people come in for confession.Professor Atkins is using

________ would increase the external validity of experiments,but social psychologists rarely do it.

Rosenberg and colleagues (1992)conducted a study that found that women who relied on the diaphragm or contraceptive sponges had fewer STDs than women who used condoms.The media jumped to the conclusion that condom use contributes to STDs.Why was this media conclusion inappropriate?

How did Latané and Darley (1968)vary the number of bystanders in their experimental study of the effects of the number of witnesses exposed to an emergency?

An experiment like Latané and Darley's (1968)demands creativity and ingenuity,and is not easy to conduct.Why didn't Latané and Darley simply describe the hypothesis and procedures to participants and ask them what they would do in that situation?

The major difference between experiments and other research methods is that experiments involve

According to the section in your text about political polling,a big drawback of administering surveys over the phone is

What is one of the major advantages of archival research? This research method

Before Jonas Salk discovered a vaccine to prevent polio,people noticed a correlation between outside temperature and the incidence of polio: The warmer the temperature over the course of the year,the more outbreaks of polio.This relationship is an example of a(n)________ correlation.

In many respects,the comedy show Just for Laughs Gags,is similar to observational research in social psychology.In what crucial respect is Just for Laughs Gags most different from observational research?

Which of the following threatens the internal validity of an experiment?

There is invariably a trade-off between ________ and ________ in social psychology experiments.

Professor Rothman is interested in tracking changes in racial stereotypes in Canada.If he decides to conduct an archival analysis,he should