Question 1

"Selecting part of the sample so that there is not a full range of scores on a variable being measured".What is this a glossary definition of?

Accepted Answer

A) Selection bias. 
B) Experimenter bias. 
C) Contractional correlation. 
D) Restricted range. 
E) None of the above. 
A) Selection bias. 
B) Experimenter bias. 
C) Contractional correlation. 
D) Restricted range. 
E) None of the above.

Question 2

"The process through which a researcher reflects on his or her own role in producing particular research outcomes." What is this a glossary definition of?

Accepted Answer

A) Self-referential idealism. 
B) Relativist ideation. 
C) Self-objectification. 
D) Critical self-reflection. 
E) Reflexivity. 
A) Self-referential idealism. 
B) Relativist ideation. 
C) Self-objectification. 
D) Critical self-reflection. 
E) Reflexivity.

Question 3

"A distribution-free test that is used to compare the central tendency of sets of data that are collected in pairs from the same participants.In this regard it is the distribution-free analogue of a within-subjects t-test." What construct is this a glossary definition of?

Accepted Answer

A) Kruskal-Wallis test 
B) Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test 
C) Chi-square test 
D) Mann-Whitney test 
E) McNemar test. 
A) Kruskal-Wallis test 
B) Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test 
C) Chi-square test 
D) Mann-Whitney test 
E) McNemar test.

Question 4

A developmental psychologist developed a training program to encourage children to reduce their Internet usage.To examine its efficacy he recruited a sample of 120 children - of whom 60 were aged 11 years and 60 were aged 13.Half of the participants were randomly assigned to the training program and the amount of online usage was measured after one month.Findings were subjected to two-way ANOVA, from which the output was as follows:   Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The nonsignificant main effect for age group tells us we can ignore age. 
B) The nonsignificant main effect for age group tells us we can ignore age so long as our alpha level is not significant. 
C) The nonsignificant main effect for age group tells us we can ignore age so long as our alpha level is less than .225. 
D) Despite the nonsignificant main effect for Age this IV is still relevant because it is implicated in a significant interaction effect. 
E) Age is relevant because maturation effects may lead to central limits on randomization. 
A) The nonsignificant main effect for age group tells us we can ignore age. 
B) The nonsignificant main effect for age group tells us we can ignore age so long as our alpha level is not significant. 
C) The nonsignificant main effect for age group tells us we can ignore age so long as our alpha level is less than .225. 
D) Despite the nonsignificant main effect for Age this IV is still relevant because it is implicated in a significant interaction effect. 
E) Age is relevant because maturation effects may lead to central limits on randomization.

Question 5

Which of the followings statements is true about Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)?

Accepted Answer

A) If sample variances are equal you should seriously consider using a non-parametric test. 
B) If sample variances are equal you should seriously consider using analysis of covariance (ANCOV
A) . 
C) If sample variances are unequal (e.g., one is more than four times bigger than the other)you should seriously consider using a non-parametric test. 
D) If sample variances are unequal (e.g., one is more than four times bigger than the other)you should seriously consider using analysis of covariance (ANCOV
A) . 
E) None of the above. 
A) If sample variances are equal you should seriously consider using a non-parametric test. 
B) If sample variances are equal you should seriously consider using analysis of covariance (ANCOV
A) . 
C) If sample variances are unequal (e.g., one is more than four times bigger than the other)you should seriously consider using a non-parametric test. 
D) If sample variances are unequal (e.g., one is more than four times bigger than the other)you should seriously consider using analysis of covariance (ANCOV
A) . 
E) None of the above.

Question 6

Which of the following is not part of the classical critique of quantitative approaches?

Accepted Answer

A) The objection that there is more to psychological phenomena than can be conveyed by mere numbers. 
B) The objection that there is more to psychological phenomena than can be conveyed by crude attempts to manipulate discrete aspects of the environment one at a time. 
C) The objection that most statistical analyses violate statistical assumptions. 
D) Both (a)and (b) 
E) All of the above (i.e., all are part of the classical critique). 
A) The objection that there is more to psychological phenomena than can be conveyed by mere numbers. 
B) The objection that there is more to psychological phenomena than can be conveyed by crude attempts to manipulate discrete aspects of the environment one at a time. 
C) The objection that most statistical analyses violate statistical assumptions. 
D) Both (a)and (b) 
E) All of the above (i.e., all are part of the classical critique).

Question 7

"The hypothetical distribution of expected differences between the means of randomly chosen samples drawn from the same population divided by an estimate of the standard error." What construct is this a glossary definition of?

Accepted Answer

A) The distribution of the difference between means 
B) The sampling distribution of the difference between means 
C) The t-distribution 
D) The x-distribution 
E) The z-distribution 
A) The distribution of the difference between means 
B) The sampling distribution of the difference between means 
C) The t-distribution 
D) The x-distribution 
E) The z-distribution

Question 8

A developmental psychologist developed a training program to encourage children to reduce their Internet usage.To examine its efficacy he recruited a sample of 120 children - of whom 60 were aged 11 years and 60 were aged 13.Half of the participants were randomly assigned to the training program and the amount of online usage was measured after one month.Findings were subjected to two-way ANOVA, from which the output was as follows:   Which of the following is true about the design of this study?

Accepted Answer

A) There are three factors: condition, age, and group 
B) There are three factors: condition, age, and interaction. 
C) There is one factor with two sub-factors: training program and age group. 
D) There are two factors: condition and age group. 
E) There is one factor - condition - because you ignore nonsignificant factors unless there is a confound. 
A) There are three factors: condition, age, and group 
B) There are three factors: condition, age, and interaction. 
C) There is one factor with two sub-factors: training program and age group. 
D) There are two factors: condition and age group. 
E) There is one factor - condition - because you ignore nonsignificant factors unless there is a confound.

Question 9

"An approach to research that focuses on the particular meaning that specific actions have for those who engage in them." What approach is this a glossary definition of?

Accepted Answer

A) Meaning approach. 
B) Hermeneutic approach. 
C) Reflexive approach. 
D) Grounded approach. 
E) Contextual approach. 
A) Meaning approach. 
B) Hermeneutic approach. 
C) Reflexive approach. 
D) Grounded approach. 
E) Contextual approach.

Question 10

What distinguishes a structured interview from a semi-structured interview?

Accepted Answer

A) A structured interview is (approximately)half as long as a semi-structured interview. 
B) A semi-structured interview is (approximately)half as long as a structured interview. 
C) In a semi-structured interview the interviewer does not necessarily stick to predetermined questions or ask them in a particular sequence. 
D) In a semi-structured interview the interview itself is conducted in a naturalistic and conversational manner. 
E) Both (c)and (d). 
A) A structured interview is (approximately)half as long as a semi-structured interview. 
B) A semi-structured interview is (approximately)half as long as a structured interview. 
C) In a semi-structured interview the interviewer does not necessarily stick to predetermined questions or ask them in a particular sequence. 
D) In a semi-structured interview the interview itself is conducted in a naturalistic and conversational manner. 
E) Both (c)and (d).

Question 11

"An estimate of variance between cells that provides the numerator of an F-ratio. " Which construct is this a glossary definition of?

Accepted Answer

A) Within-cells mean square (MSW). 
B) Between-cells mean square (MS
B) . 
C) Grand mean. 
D) Mean squares (MS). 
E) Grand mean sqares (gMS). 
A) Within-cells mean square (MSW). 
B) Between-cells mean square (MS
B) . 
C) Grand mean. 
D) Mean squares (MS). 
E) Grand mean sqares (gMS).

"Selecting part of the sample so that there is not a full range of scores on a variable being measured".What is this a glossary definition of?

"The process through which a researcher reflects on his or her own role in producing particular research outcomes." What is this a glossary definition of?

"A distribution-free test that is used to compare the central tendency of sets of data that are collected in pairs from the same participants.In this regard it is the distribution-free analogue of a within-subjects t-test." What construct is this a glossary definition of?

Which of the followings statements is true about Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)?

Which of the following is not part of the classical critique of quantitative approaches?

"The hypothetical distribution of expected differences between the means of randomly chosen samples drawn from the same population divided by an estimate of the standard error." What construct is this a glossary definition of?

"An approach to research that focuses on the particular meaning that specific actions have for those who engage in them." What approach is this a glossary definition of?

What distinguishes a structured interview from a semi-structured interview?

"An estimate of variance between cells that provides the numerator of an F-ratio. " Which construct is this a glossary definition of?

Research in Psychology: Objectives and Ideals

Research Methods

Experimental Design

Survey Design

Descriptive Statistics

Some Principles of Statistical Inference

Filters

Exam 7: Examining Differences Between Means: The T-Test

"Selecting part of the sample so that there is not a full range of scores on a variable being measured".What is this a glossary definition of?

"The process through which a researcher reflects on his or her own role in producing particular research outcomes." What is this a glossary definition of?

"A distribution-free test that is used to compare the central tendency of sets of data that are collected in pairs from the same participants.In this regard it is the distribution-free analogue of a within-subjects t-test." What construct is this a glossary definition of?

Which of the followings statements is true about Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)?

Which of the following is not part of the classical critique of quantitative approaches?

"The hypothetical distribution of expected differences between the means of randomly chosen samples drawn from the same population divided by an estimate of the standard error." What construct is this a glossary definition of?

"An approach to research that focuses on the particular meaning that specific actions have for those who engage in them." What approach is this a glossary definition of?

What distinguishes a structured interview from a semi-structured interview?

"An estimate of variance between cells that provides the numerator of an F-ratio. " Which construct is this a glossary definition of?

Research in Psychology: Objectives and Ideals

Research Methods

Experimental Design

Survey Design

Descriptive Statistics

Some Principles of Statistical Inference

Filters