Exam 2: The Early History of Correctional Thought and Practice

________________ was an English prison reformer whose research and writing led to the passage of the Penitentiary Act of 1779 by the House of Commons.

___________________ refers to the practice of transplanting offenders from the community to another region or land, often a penal colony.

The new industrialism brought about a shift from penal to economic considerations as the basis for punishment.

Like other social institutions, corrections reflects the vision and concern of the larger community.

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. -Classical criminology

The term _____________________ was used to describe a house of correction that was first used during the 16th century in England.

Shaming is a new punishment idea that was first used during the early 1900s in both Europe and the United States.

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. -Corporal punishment

_________________ were abandoned ships that the English converted to hold convicts during a period of prison crowding between 1776 and 1790.

Which of the following was NOT a medieval form of capital punishment?

In England by the year 1200, a system of wergild, or payment of money as compensation, had developed as a way for the king to collect additional resources from the citizens.

The term wergild focuses on which of the following?

Wergild developed as a:

The practice of removing offenders from the community to another land was known as:

_____________________ has been credited as being the founder of the Classical School of Criminology.

The response to crime was viewed as essentially a private affair prior to the century.

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. -House of corrections

Until the 1800s, ______________ were authorized only to house pretrial detainees, debtors, and vagrants.

The was born out of concern for the sinfulness of sloth.

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below. -Benefit of clergy