Question 1

According to McClelland, the need for ________ is characterized by a strong orientation toward success and goal attainment.

Accepted Answer

A) affiliation 
B) achievement 
C) praise 
D) performance 
E) reinforcement 
A) affiliation 
B) achievement 
C) praise 
D) performance 
E) reinforcement B

Question 2

The President of Bradley Inc. receives the following feedback from his employees. Lamont, one of the employees, consistently says that he does not believe he will ever succeed. He regularly says to his colleagues, "No matter how well I do in this job, I'll never get a raise or promotion." Shelly, another employee, does not care about any of the rewards that the organization offers. Therefore, she says, "It just isn't worth it to me to work that hard!" Christy, another employee, feels that she is no longer able to keep up in her job, so there is little use in trying.It can be inferred that Lamont illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) high expectancy. 
B) low instrumentality. 
C) negative valence. 
D) low equity. 
E) high empowerment. 
A) high expectancy. 
B) low instrumentality. 
C) negative valence. 
D) low equity. 
E) high empowerment. B

Question 3

According to the expectancy theory, which of the following is the correct order of events?

Accepted Answer

A) outcome, performance, and effort 
B) performance, effort, and outcome 
C) effort, outcome, and performance 
D) performance, outcome, and effort 
E) effort, performance, and outcome 
A) outcome, performance, and effort 
B) performance, effort, and outcome 
C) effort, outcome, and performance 
D) performance, outcome, and effort 
E) effort, performance, and outcome E

Question 4

Which of the following is true of job enrichment?

Accepted Answer

A) It involves assigning new tasks involving the same level of responsibility. 
B) It involves restructuring a job to make it more rewarding and motivating. 
C) It involves shifting a person from one job to another to alleviate boredom. 
D) It involves a raise in the amount of compensation to motivate people. 
E) It involves doing one task at a time in order to improve efficiency. 
A) It involves assigning new tasks involving the same level of responsibility. 
B) It involves restructuring a job to make it more rewarding and motivating. 
C) It involves shifting a person from one job to another to alleviate boredom. 
D) It involves a raise in the amount of compensation to motivate people. 
E) It involves doing one task at a time in order to improve efficiency.

Question 5

A bonus is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) intrinsic reward. 
B) negative reinforcement. 
C) hygiene factor. 
D) extrinsic reward. 
E) psychological contract. 
A) intrinsic reward. 
B) negative reinforcement. 
C) hygiene factor. 
D) extrinsic reward. 
E) psychological contract.

Question 6

Which of the following is true of negative reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A) It involves administering an aversive consequence. 
B) It refers to withdrawing or failing to provide a reinforcing consequence. 
C) It is the tendency to conclude that despite the effort expended, the outcome will be bad. 
D) It involves removing or withholding an undesirable consequence. 
E) It refers to the lack of interest in the outcome of performance. 
A) It involves administering an aversive consequence. 
B) It refers to withdrawing or failing to provide a reinforcing consequence. 
C) It is the tendency to conclude that despite the effort expended, the outcome will be bad. 
D) It involves removing or withholding an undesirable consequence. 
E) It refers to the lack of interest in the outcome of performance.

Question 7

Positive consequences that motivate behavior are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) benefactors. 
B) regulators. 
C) reinforcers. 
D) effectors. 
E) sanctions. 
A) benefactors. 
B) regulators. 
C) reinforcers. 
D) effectors. 
E) sanctions.

Question 8

The rewards given to a person by the boss, the company, or some other person are known as ________ rewards.

Accepted Answer

A) extrinsic 
B) high-level 
C) intrinsic 
D) low-level 
E) internal 
A) extrinsic 
B) high-level 
C) intrinsic 
D) low-level 
E) internal

Question 9

Martin was one of Sloane's lower-quartile performers, mainly due to lack of punctuality. In Martin's annual performance review, he submitted his draft goals for the upcoming year. One of his goals was to "Improve my punctuality." Sloane responded, "No, Martin. That goal is not acceptable. Your goal needs to be more ________ so that you and I can monitor and measure whether or not you are attaining your goal."

Accepted Answer

A) subjective 
B) emotional 
C) specific and quantifiable 
D) general 
E) time bound 
A) subjective 
B) emotional 
C) specific and quantifiable 
D) general 
E) time bound

Question 10

A theory proposing that people will behave based on their perceived likelihood that their effort will lead to a certain outcome and on how highly they value that outcome is known as the ________ theory.

Accepted Answer

A) expectancy 
B) ERG 
C) path-goal 
D) equity 
E) hierarchy of needs 
A) expectancy 
B) ERG 
C) path-goal 
D) equity 
E) hierarchy of needs

Question 11

According to the Hackman and Oldham model, the best way to design an enriched job in which employees experience responsibility for the outcome of the work is to provide

Accepted Answer

A) task identity. 
B) affiliation. 
C) skill variety. 
D) autonomy. 
E) authority. 
A) task identity. 
B) affiliation. 
C) skill variety. 
D) autonomy. 
E) authority.

Question 12

Edward is a hardworking employee at Holmes Community Credit Union who has never been complimented or rewarded by his boss for doing his work well. As a result, Edward never expects his good work to be recognized. According to the expectancy theory, Edward's lack of expectation of being rewarded reveals

Accepted Answer

A) low valence for the outcome. 
B) low instrumentality. 
C) high instrumentality. 
D) high valence for the outcome. 
E) high expectancy. 
A) low valence for the outcome. 
B) low instrumentality. 
C) high instrumentality. 
D) high valence for the outcome. 
E) high expectancy.

Question 13

Discuss the concept of empowerment and its importance in the workplace.

Accepted Answer

Empowerment is the process of sharing po

Question 14

Which of the following statements is supported by the equity theory?

Accepted Answer

A) Inequity causes dissatisfaction. 
B) Equity will result in an effort to restore balance. 
C) If outcome-to-input ratio is equivalent, people will be dissatisfied. 
D) Assessments of equity are usually made objectively. 
E) Equity causes people to be dissatisfied with their treatment. 
A) Inequity causes dissatisfaction. 
B) Equity will result in an effort to restore balance. 
C) If outcome-to-input ratio is equivalent, people will be dissatisfied. 
D) Assessments of equity are usually made objectively. 
E) Equity causes people to be dissatisfied with their treatment.

Question 15

According to Hackman and Oldham's model of job design, the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion in making decisions refers to

Accepted Answer

A) valence. 
B) task identity. 
C) affiliation. 
D) autonomy. 
E) rationalization. 
A) valence. 
B) task identity. 
C) affiliation. 
D) autonomy. 
E) rationalization.

Question 16

Managers should reward employees for multitasking.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A contribution of Herzberg's two-factor theory is that it

Accepted Answer

A) distinguishes between the need for power versus achievement. 
B) reminds managers to focus on intrinsic as well as extrinsic rewards. 
C) illustrates that needs have to be satisfied in a specific order. 
D) proves that human wants are intrinsically insatiable. 
E) suggests that job design is of little consequence to employee motivation. 
A) distinguishes between the need for power versus achievement. 
B) reminds managers to focus on intrinsic as well as extrinsic rewards. 
C) illustrates that needs have to be satisfied in a specific order. 
D) proves that human wants are intrinsically insatiable. 
E) suggests that job design is of little consequence to employee motivation.

Question 18

Clarise knows that she will not have bonus dollars to reward her high-performing management team this year due to a shortfall in company profits. Furthermore, a companywide hiring and promotion freeze will prohibit her from hiring entry-level workers to allow existing staff to be promoted to higher levels. In response, she has arranged for her management team to attend the annual corporate planning meeting, affording them a unique opportunity to interact with and gain recognition by company executives. She has instituted this nonmonetary reward because

Accepted Answer

A) according to Herzberg, motivated workers do not need extrinsic rewards, for example, hygiene factors. 
B) she wanted her staff to perceive that good performance will be rewarded with a bonus, for example, instrumentality. 
C) according to McClelland, managers need no motivation. 
D) nonmonetary rewards can motivate when pay and promotions are scarce. 
E) according to Herzberg, motivated workers do not need intrinsic rewards, for example, motivators. 
A) according to Herzberg, motivated workers do not need extrinsic rewards, for example, hygiene factors. 
B) she wanted her staff to perceive that good performance will be rewarded with a bonus, for example, instrumentality. 
C) according to McClelland, managers need no motivation. 
D) nonmonetary rewards can motivate when pay and promotions are scarce. 
E) according to Herzberg, motivated workers do not need intrinsic rewards, for example, motivators.

Question 19

Jorge, the office manager of Metalblock Inc., believes that providing positive consequences for a job well done will increase the likelihood of good work performance in the future. Jorge personally sends e-mails to his employees to commend their efforts when they perform well. Karla, the CEO of Descriptive Designs Inc., takes her employees off probation early when they perform to her expectations. Barney, the sales manager of Queenstar Corp., often shouts at his employees when they perform poorly. He also fails to appreciate employees when they perform well, which often results in poor performances.Karla removes her employees early from probation if they perform well. This is the best example of

Accepted Answer

A) constitutionalism. 
B) a psychological contract. 
C) negative reinforcement. 
D) job enlargement. 
E) an intrinsic reward. 
A) constitutionalism. 
B) a psychological contract. 
C) negative reinforcement. 
D) job enlargement. 
E) an intrinsic reward.

Question 20

Herman manages a production facility that makes furniture. He asked Missy, a shift supervisor, to reach a goal of producing less than 2 percent scrap during the past month, instead of the 9 percent usually produced on her shift. This goal seemed impossible since the industry averages 10 percent scrap, and the best month ever at Herman's facility still produced 5 percent scrap. Missy's shift did not reach the goal, producing 6 percent scrap during the month. How should Herman respond?

Accepted Answer

A) He should fire Missy for falling short of an official goal, no matter how unrealistic it was. 
B) He should give Missy a chance to cut scrap to one percent next month or face consequences. 
C) He should avoid punishing Missy for missing the goal and recognize that she still had an exceptional month. 
D) He should tell Missy it is all right because goals do not really mean anything. 
E) He should require Missy to work unpaid overtime to cover the excess scrap produced on her shift. 
A) He should fire Missy for falling short of an official goal, no matter how unrealistic it was. 
B) He should give Missy a chance to cut scrap to one percent next month or face consequences. 
C) He should avoid punishing Missy for missing the goal and recognize that she still had an exceptional month. 
D) He should tell Missy it is all right because goals do not really mean anything. 
E) He should require Missy to work unpaid overtime to cover the excess scrap produced on her shift.

According to McClelland, the need for ________ is characterized by a strong orientation toward success and goal attainment.

According to the expectancy theory, which of the following is the correct order of events?

Which of the following is true of job enrichment?

A bonus is an example of a(n)

Which of the following is true of negative reinforcement?

Positive consequences that motivate behavior are referred to as

The rewards given to a person by the boss, the company, or some other person are known as ________ rewards.

A theory proposing that people will behave based on their perceived likelihood that their effort will lead to a certain outcome and on how highly they value that outcome is known as the ________ theory.

According to the Hackman and Oldham model, the best way to design an enriched job in which employees experience responsibility for the outcome of the work is to provide

Discuss the concept of empowerment and its importance in the workplace.

Which of the following statements is supported by the equity theory?

According to Hackman and Oldham's model of job design, the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion in making decisions refers to

Managers should reward employees for multitasking.

A contribution of Herzberg's two-factor theory is that it

Managing and Performing

The External and Internal Environments

Managerial Decision Making

Planning and Strategic Management

Ethics, Corporate Responsibility, and Sustainability

International Management

Entrepreneurship

Organization Structure

Organizational Agility

Human Resources Management

Managing the Diverse Workforce

Leadership

Teamwork

Communicating

Managerial Control

Managing Technology and Innovation

Creating and Leading Change

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Exam 13: Motivating for Performance

According to McClelland, the need for ________ is characterized by a strong orientation toward success and goal attainment.

According to the expectancy theory, which of the following is the correct order of events?

Which of the following is true of job enrichment?

A bonus is an example of a(n)

Which of the following is true of negative reinforcement?

Positive consequences that motivate behavior are referred to as

The rewards given to a person by the boss, the company, or some other person are known as ________ rewards.

A theory proposing that people will behave based on their perceived likelihood that their effort will lead to a certain outcome and on how highly they value that outcome is known as the ________ theory.

According to the Hackman and Oldham model, the best way to design an enriched job in which employees experience responsibility for the outcome of the work is to provide

Discuss the concept of empowerment and its importance in the workplace.

Which of the following statements is supported by the equity theory?

According to Hackman and Oldham's model of job design, the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion in making decisions refers to

Managers should reward employees for multitasking.

A contribution of Herzberg's two-factor theory is that it

Managing and Performing

The External and Internal Environments

Managerial Decision Making

Planning and Strategic Management

Ethics, Corporate Responsibility, and Sustainability

International Management

Entrepreneurship

Organization Structure

Organizational Agility

Human Resources Management

Managing the Diverse Workforce

Leadership

Teamwork

Communicating

Managerial Control

Managing Technology and Innovation

Creating and Leading Change

Filters