Exam 3: Defining and Measuring Variables.

Using number of facial smiles in a 60-second period as a definition and a measurement of happiness,is an example of ____ happiness.

A valid measure is one that yields highly similar results across different experimental conditions.

You develop a new measure of honesty and you find that people who score high on your measure show more honest behavior than people who score low.You have demonstrated ____.

After measuring a group of individuals,a researcher finds that Jared's score is three times greater than Jasmin's score.These measurements must come from a(n)____ scale.

A researcher developed a new intelligence test for elementary school children.However,the researcher fears that the scores from the test may actually be measuring the children's reading ability.To show that the test is really measuring intelligence and not reading ability,the researcher must demonstrate ____validity.

The purpose of an operational definition is to ____.

A researcher records the number of mathematics problems answered correctly during a 15-minute period.This is an example of measurement on a ratio scale.

To determine how much difference there is between two individuals with respect to some characteristic,you must use either an interval or a ratio scale of measurement.

Counting the number of times a third-grade student leaves his seat without permission during a 30-minute observation period is an example of using what modality of measurement?

Using a survey to measure students' food preferences is an example of the behavioral modality of measurement.

Demonstrating that scores from a new measurement procedure are related to scores from an established measure of the same construct is called convergent validity.

Two observers record similar observations on a behavioral rating scale for a group of children they are watching.The researchers have established what kind of reliability?

The textbook describes a study by Menzies & Lane (2012)in which the Student Risk Screening Scale (SRSS)was administered to a group of students and then the students were monitored for self-control,academic performance,and discipline referrals.The purpose of this study was to establish ____ validity for the test.

Participants who know that they are being observed may modify their behavior.This problem is known as ____.

Demonstrating the grade point averages for a group of college students are positively related to their SAT scores is a demonstration of predictive validity for the SAT.

A researcher plans to evaluate a new reading program by measuring students' reading skill before and after the program begins.If all the students have high reading skills scores before the program begins,then the measurement procedure has a sensitivity problem known as a ____.

Validity of a measurement procedure is often established with a correlation.

What additional information is obtained by measuring on an interval scale as compared to an ordinal scale?​

A measurement procedure is valid if it ____.

When creating an operational definition,care should be taken to ____.