Question 1

A Type I error means that the hypothesis test has failed to detect a real treatment effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

In a distribution with a mean of M = 36 and a standard deviation of SD = 8,a score of 40 would be considered an extreme value.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A researcher is interested in the sleeping habits of students at the local state college.The average number of hours spent sleeping each night for the entire set of students enrolled at the college is an example of a ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​statistic 
B) ​parameter 
C) sample 
D) ​population 
A) ​statistic 
B) ​parameter 
C) sample 
D) ​population

Question 4

One concern with measuring split-half reliability is that many different correlations are possible depending on how you decide to split the test items in half.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In a hypothesis test,standard error measures ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) ​the size of the treatment effect 
B) ​variability for the sample data 
C) the likelihood of a Type I or Type II error 
D) ​the amount of difference expected just by chance 
A) ​the size of the treatment effect 
B) ​variability for the sample data 
C) the likelihood of a Type I or Type II error 
D) ​the amount of difference expected just by chance

Question 6

A researcher records the average age for a group of 25 preschool children selected to participate in a research study.The average age is an example of a statistic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A researcher records the change in weight (gain or loss)during the first semester of college for each individual in a group of 25 freshmen,and calculates the average change in weight.The average is an example of a ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​parameter 
B) ​statistic 
C) variable 
D) ​constant 
A) ​parameter 
B) ​statistic 
C) variable 
D) ​constant

Question 8

In general,a correlation obtained from a large sample is more likely to be significant than a correlation obtained from a small sample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A researcher reports a significant correlation using an alpha level of .01.The probability that the researcher is making a Type I error is p < .01.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Describe what is measured by the mean and what is measured by the standard deviation for a set of scores.Describe the set of scores in a sample with a mean of M = 40 and a standard deviation of SD = 4.(Where are most of the scores located? Where are they centered? What range of values do they cover?)​

Accepted Answer

The mean identifies the center of the di

Question 11

Calculating the percentage of agreement between two observers ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) ​tends to overestimate the true level of agreement 
B) ​tends to underestimate the true level of agreement 
C) is simply an inaccurate method for measuring inter-rater reliability 
D) produces an accurate measure of inter-rater reliability without any need for correction 
A) ​tends to overestimate the true level of agreement 
B) ​tends to underestimate the true level of agreement 
C) is simply an inaccurate method for measuring inter-rater reliability 
D) produces an accurate measure of inter-rater reliability without any need for correction

Question 12

One category of data is obtained by measuring two different variables for each individual in a single group of participants.What statistics are most commonly used for data in this category?

Accepted Answer

A) ​descriptive statistics 
B) ​t tests or analysis of variance 
C) correlations or chi-square tests 
D) ​analysis of variance or chi-square tests 
A) ​descriptive statistics 
B) ​t tests or analysis of variance 
C) correlations or chi-square tests 
D) ​analysis of variance or chi-square tests

Question 13

Explain why a measure of effect size is recommended to accompany the result from a hypothesis test.

Accepted Answer

A statistically significant result from

Question 14

Without some correction,such as the Spearman-Brown formula,a correlation measuring split-half reliability will tend to overestimate the reliability for the full test.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The most commonly used descriptive statistics for a set of numerical scores are the mean and the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​range 
B) ​standard deviation 
C) mode 
D) ​median 
A) ​range 
B) ​standard deviation 
C) mode 
D) ​median

Question 16

The ages of the children in a summer camp range from 7 to 12 years old.A counselor constructs a frequency distribution graph showing the number of children for each of the six age groups.What kind of graph would be appropriate for this distribution?

Accepted Answer

A) ​a line graph 
B) ​a polygon 
C) a bar graph 
D) ​a scatter plot 
A) ​a line graph 
B) ​a polygon 
C) a bar graph 
D) ​a scatter plot

Question 17

Explain the concept of statistical significance.Be sure that the concept of an alpha level in included in your explanation.

Accepted Answer

Statistical significance means that the

Question 18

In a frequency distribution graph,the frequencies are listed on the vertical axis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Identify the purpose for a hypothesis test and briefly explain how a hypothesis test accomplishes its purpose.​

Accepted Answer

The purpose for a hypothesis test is to

Question 20

Without some correction,the percentage of agreement between two observers will tend to overestimate the true level of inter-rater reliability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

A Type I error means that the hypothesis test has failed to detect a real treatment effect.

In a distribution with a mean of M = 36 and a standard deviation of SD = 8,a score of 40 would be considered an extreme value.

A researcher is interested in the sleeping habits of students at the local state college.The average number of hours spent sleeping each night for the entire set of students enrolled at the college is an example of a ____.

One concern with measuring split-half reliability is that many different correlations are possible depending on how you decide to split the test items in half.

In a hypothesis test,standard error measures ____.

A researcher records the average age for a group of 25 preschool children selected to participate in a research study.The average age is an example of a statistic.

A researcher records the change in weight (gain or loss)during the first semester of college for each individual in a group of 25 freshmen,and calculates the average change in weight.The average is an example of a ____.

In general,a correlation obtained from a large sample is more likely to be significant than a correlation obtained from a small sample.

A researcher reports a significant correlation using an alpha level of .01.The probability that the researcher is making a Type I error is p < .01.

Calculating the percentage of agreement between two observers ____.

One category of data is obtained by measuring two different variables for each individual in a single group of participants.What statistics are most commonly used for data in this category?

Explain why a measure of effect size is recommended to accompany the result from a hypothesis test.

Without some correction,such as the Spearman-Brown formula,a correlation measuring split-half reliability will tend to overestimate the reliability for the full test.

The most commonly used descriptive statistics for a set of numerical scores are the mean and the ____.

The ages of the children in a summer camp range from 7 to 12 years old.A counselor constructs a frequency distribution graph showing the number of children for each of the six age groups.What kind of graph would be appropriate for this distribution?

Explain the concept of statistical significance.Be sure that the concept of an alpha level in included in your explanation.

In a frequency distribution graph,the frequencies are listed on the vertical axis.

Identify the purpose for a hypothesis test and briefly explain how a hypothesis test accomplishes its purpose.

Without some correction,the percentage of agreement between two observers will tend to overestimate the true level of inter-rater reliability.

Introduction, Acquiring Knowledge, and the Scientific Method.

Research Ideas and Hypotheses.

Defining and Measuring Variables.

Ethics in Research.

Selecting Research Participants.

Research Strategies and Validity.

The Experimental Research Strategy.

Experimental Designs: Between Subjects Design.

Experimental Designs Within Subjects Design.

The Nonexperimental and Quasi-Experimental Strategies: Nonequivalent Group,Pre–Post,and Developmental Designs.

Factorial Designs.

The Correlational Research Strategy.

The Descriptive Research Strategy.

Single-Subject Research Designs.

Writing an APA-Style Research Report.

Filters

Exam 15: Statistical Evaluation of Data.

A Type I error means that the hypothesis test has failed to detect a real treatment effect.

In a distribution with a mean of M = 36 and a standard deviation of SD = 8,a score of 40 would be considered an extreme value.

A researcher is interested in the sleeping habits of students at the local state college.The average number of hours spent sleeping each night for the entire set of students enrolled at the college is an example of a ____.

One concern with measuring split-half reliability is that many different correlations are possible depending on how you decide to split the test items in half.

In a hypothesis test,standard error measures ____.​

A researcher records the average age for a group of 25 preschool children selected to participate in a research study.The average age is an example of a statistic.

A researcher records the change in weight (gain or loss)during the first semester of college for each individual in a group of 25 freshmen,and calculates the average change in weight.The average is an example of a ____.

In general,a correlation obtained from a large sample is more likely to be significant than a correlation obtained from a small sample.

A researcher reports a significant correlation using an alpha level of .01.The probability that the researcher is making a Type I error is p < .01.

Calculating the percentage of agreement between two observers ____.​

One category of data is obtained by measuring two different variables for each individual in a single group of participants.What statistics are most commonly used for data in this category?

Explain why a measure of effect size is recommended to accompany the result from a hypothesis test.

Without some correction,such as the Spearman-Brown formula,a correlation measuring split-half reliability will tend to overestimate the reliability for the full test.​

The most commonly used descriptive statistics for a set of numerical scores are the mean and the ____.

The ages of the children in a summer camp range from 7 to 12 years old.A counselor constructs a frequency distribution graph showing the number of children for each of the six age groups.What kind of graph would be appropriate for this distribution?

Explain the concept of statistical significance.Be sure that the concept of an alpha level in included in your explanation.

In a frequency distribution graph,the frequencies are listed on the vertical axis.

Identify the purpose for a hypothesis test and briefly explain how a hypothesis test accomplishes its purpose.​

Without some correction,the percentage of agreement between two observers will tend to overestimate the true level of inter-rater reliability.

Introduction, Acquiring Knowledge, and the Scientific Method.

Research Ideas and Hypotheses.

Defining and Measuring Variables.

Ethics in Research.

Selecting Research Participants.

Research Strategies and Validity.

The Experimental Research Strategy.

Experimental Designs: Between Subjects Design.

Experimental Designs Within Subjects Design.

The Nonexperimental and Quasi-Experimental Strategies: Nonequivalent Group,Pre–Post,and Developmental Designs.

Factorial Designs.

The Correlational Research Strategy.

The Descriptive Research Strategy.

Single-Subject Research Designs.

Writing an APA-Style Research Report.

Filters

In a hypothesis test,standard error measures ____.

Calculating the percentage of agreement between two observers ____.

Without some correction,such as the Spearman-Brown formula,a correlation measuring split-half reliability will tend to overestimate the reliability for the full test.

Identify the purpose for a hypothesis test and briefly explain how a hypothesis test accomplishes its purpose.