Question 1

In a distribution with a mean of M = 76 and a standard deviation of SD = 7,a score of 91 would be considered an extreme value.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A negative correlation means that as the X values decrease,the Y values also tend to decrease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Where is a score of X = 45 located in a distribution with a mean of 40 and a standard deviation of 12?

Accepted Answer

A) ​slightly above average 
B) ​far above average 
C) slightly below average 
D) ​far below average 
A) ​slightly above average 
B) ​far above average 
C) slightly below average 
D) ​far below average

Question 4

A summary value,usually numerical,that describes a sample is called a parameter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which statistic estimates the average of all the possible split-half correlations but can only be used when each question has only two response alternatives?

Accepted Answer

A) ​the Spearman-Brown formula 
B) ​the Kuder-Richardson formula 20 
C) Cronbach's alpha 
D) ​Cohen's kappa 
A) ​the Spearman-Brown formula 
B) ​the Kuder-Richardson formula 20 
C) Cronbach's alpha 
D) ​Cohen's kappa

Question 6

Which statistic was developed to correct problems with inter-rater reliability?​

Accepted Answer

A) ​Cohen's kappa 
B) ​Cronbach's alpha 
C) Kuder-Richardson formula 20 
D) ​Spearman-Brown formula 
A) ​Cohen's kappa 
B) ​Cronbach's alpha 
C) Kuder-Richardson formula 20 
D) ​Spearman-Brown formula

Question 7

Describe the general purpose for descriptive statistical techniques and for inferential statistical techniques.

Accepted Answer

The purpose for descriptive statistical

Question 8

What is the definition of variance?

Accepted Answer

A) ​the sum of the scores divided by the number of scores 
B) ​the average distance from the mean 
C) the square root of the average distance from the mean 
D) ​the average squared distance from the mean 
A) ​the sum of the scores divided by the number of scores 
B) ​the average distance from the mean 
C) the square root of the average distance from the mean 
D) ​the average squared distance from the mean

Question 9

When a research report demonstrates a significant treatment effect at the .05 level,you can be more confident that the effect is real than if the researcher had reported a significant effect with an alpha level of only .01.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Identify the basic concern with using the percentage of agreement as a measure of inter-rater reliability and explain how this concern is addressed by Cohen's kappa.

Accepted Answer

The percentage of agreement between two

Question 11

If a sample is selected from a population,the sample mean is essentially guaranteed to be different from the population mean.In general,the naturally occurring difference between a sample statistic and the corresponding population parameter is called ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​type I error 
B) ​type II error 
C) sampling error 
D) ​inferential error 
A) ​type I error 
B) ​type II error 
C) sampling error 
D) ​inferential error

Question 12

A researcher studies a group of 25 preschool children in order to answer questions about the entire population of preschool children.What general categories of statistical techniques will this researcher be using?

Accepted Answer

A) ​parameters 
B) ​statistics 
C) descriptive statistics 
D) ​inferential statistics 
A) ​parameters 
B) ​statistics 
C) descriptive statistics 
D) ​inferential statistics

Question 13

A Type II error means that a researcher has ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​falsely concluded that a treatment has an effect 
B) ​correctly concluded that a treatment has no effect 
C) falsely concluded that a treatment has no effect 
D) ​correctly concluded that a treatment has an effect 
A) ​falsely concluded that a treatment has an effect 
B) ​correctly concluded that a treatment has no effect 
C) falsely concluded that a treatment has no effect 
D) ​correctly concluded that a treatment has an effect

Question 14

A researcher uses an anonymous survey to investigate the study habits of American college students.Based on the set of 56 surveys that were completed and returned,the researcher finds that these students spend an average of 4.1 hours each week working on course material outside of class.For this study,the average of 4.1 hours is an example of a(n)____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​parameter 
B) ​statistic 
C) population 
D) ​sample 
A) ​parameter 
B) ​statistic 
C) population 
D) ​sample

Question 15

If a set of scores has a mean of 45 and a standard deviation of 9,then the scores have a variance of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​3 
B) ​4.5 
C) 18 
D) ​81 
A) ​3 
B) ​4.5 
C) 18 
D) ​81

Question 16

For data that consist of two or more groups of scores with each score a numerical value measuring the same variable,the most common statistics are those that measure and evaluate the mean differences between groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What kind of frequency distribution graph shows the frequencies as bars that are separated by spaces?

Accepted Answer

A) ​a bar graph 
B) ​a histogram 
C) a polygon 
D) ​a line graph 
A) ​a bar graph 
B) ​a histogram 
C) a polygon 
D) ​a line graph

Question 18

A Type I error means that a researcher has ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​falsely concluded that a treatment has an effect 
B) ​correctly concluded that a treatment has no effect 
C) falsely concluded that a treatment has no effect 
D) ​correctly concluded that a treatment has an effect 
A) ​falsely concluded that a treatment has an effect 
B) ​correctly concluded that a treatment has no effect 
C) falsely concluded that a treatment has no effect 
D) ​correctly concluded that a treatment has an effect

Question 19

What would the scatter plot show for data that produce a Pearson correlation of r = +.88?

Accepted Answer

A) ​points clustered close to a line that slopes up to the right 
B) ​points clustered close to a line that slopes down to the right 
C) points widely scattered around a line that slopes up to the right 
D) ​points widely scattered around a line that slopes down to the right 
A) ​points clustered close to a line that slopes up to the right 
B) ​points clustered close to a line that slopes down to the right 
C) points widely scattered around a line that slopes up to the right 
D) ​points widely scattered around a line that slopes down to the right

Question 20

Statistical techniques that summarize,organize,and simplify data are best classified as ____ statistics.

Accepted Answer

A) ​population 
B) ​sample 
C) descriptive 
D) ​inferential 
A) ​population 
B) ​sample 
C) descriptive 
D) ​inferential

In a distribution with a mean of M = 76 and a standard deviation of SD = 7,a score of 91 would be considered an extreme value.

A negative correlation means that as the X values decrease,the Y values also tend to decrease.

Where is a score of X = 45 located in a distribution with a mean of 40 and a standard deviation of 12?

A summary value,usually numerical,that describes a sample is called a parameter.

Which statistic estimates the average of all the possible split-half correlations but can only be used when each question has only two response alternatives?

Which statistic was developed to correct problems with inter-rater reliability?

Describe the general purpose for descriptive statistical techniques and for inferential statistical techniques.

What is the definition of variance?

When a research report demonstrates a significant treatment effect at the .05 level,you can be more confident that the effect is real than if the researcher had reported a significant effect with an alpha level of only .01.

Identify the basic concern with using the percentage of agreement as a measure of inter-rater reliability and explain how this concern is addressed by Cohen's kappa.

If a sample is selected from a population,the sample mean is essentially guaranteed to be different from the population mean.In general,the naturally occurring difference between a sample statistic and the corresponding population parameter is called ____.

A researcher studies a group of 25 preschool children in order to answer questions about the entire population of preschool children.What general categories of statistical techniques will this researcher be using?

A Type II error means that a researcher has ____.

If a set of scores has a mean of 45 and a standard deviation of 9,then the scores have a variance of ____.

For data that consist of two or more groups of scores with each score a numerical value measuring the same variable,the most common statistics are those that measure and evaluate the mean differences between groups.

What kind of frequency distribution graph shows the frequencies as bars that are separated by spaces?

A Type I error means that a researcher has ____.

What would the scatter plot show for data that produce a Pearson correlation of r = +.88?

Statistical techniques that summarize,organize,and simplify data are best classified as ____ statistics.

Introduction, Acquiring Knowledge, and the Scientific Method.

Research Ideas and Hypotheses.

Defining and Measuring Variables.

Ethics in Research.

Selecting Research Participants.

Research Strategies and Validity.

The Experimental Research Strategy.

Experimental Designs: Between Subjects Design.

Experimental Designs Within Subjects Design.

The Nonexperimental and Quasi-Experimental Strategies: Nonequivalent Group,Pre–Post,and Developmental Designs.

Factorial Designs.

The Correlational Research Strategy.

The Descriptive Research Strategy.

Single-Subject Research Designs.

Writing an APA-Style Research Report.

Filters

Exam 15: Statistical Evaluation of Data.

In a distribution with a mean of M = 76 and a standard deviation of SD = 7,a score of 91 would be considered an extreme value.

A negative correlation means that as the X values decrease,the Y values also tend to decrease.

Where is a score of X = 45 located in a distribution with a mean of 40 and a standard deviation of 12?

A summary value,usually numerical,that describes a sample is called a parameter.

Which statistic estimates the average of all the possible split-half correlations but can only be used when each question has only two response alternatives?

Which statistic was developed to correct problems with inter-rater reliability?​

Describe the general purpose for descriptive statistical techniques and for inferential statistical techniques.

What is the definition of variance?

When a research report demonstrates a significant treatment effect at the .05 level,you can be more confident that the effect is real than if the researcher had reported a significant effect with an alpha level of only .01.

Identify the basic concern with using the percentage of agreement as a measure of inter-rater reliability and explain how this concern is addressed by Cohen's kappa.

If a sample is selected from a population,the sample mean is essentially guaranteed to be different from the population mean.In general,the naturally occurring difference between a sample statistic and the corresponding population parameter is called ____.

A researcher studies a group of 25 preschool children in order to answer questions about the entire population of preschool children.What general categories of statistical techniques will this researcher be using?

A Type II error means that a researcher has ____.

If a set of scores has a mean of 45 and a standard deviation of 9,then the scores have a variance of ____.

For data that consist of two or more groups of scores with each score a numerical value measuring the same variable,the most common statistics are those that measure and evaluate the mean differences between groups.

What kind of frequency distribution graph shows the frequencies as bars that are separated by spaces?

A Type I error means that a researcher has ____.

What would the scatter plot show for data that produce a Pearson correlation of r = +.88?

Statistical techniques that summarize,organize,and simplify data are best classified as ____ statistics.

Introduction, Acquiring Knowledge, and the Scientific Method.

Research Ideas and Hypotheses.

Defining and Measuring Variables.

Ethics in Research.

Selecting Research Participants.

Research Strategies and Validity.

The Experimental Research Strategy.

Experimental Designs: Between Subjects Design.

Experimental Designs Within Subjects Design.

The Nonexperimental and Quasi-Experimental Strategies: Nonequivalent Group,Pre–Post,and Developmental Designs.

Factorial Designs.

The Correlational Research Strategy.

The Descriptive Research Strategy.

Single-Subject Research Designs.

Writing an APA-Style Research Report.

Filters

Which statistic was developed to correct problems with inter-rater reliability?