Exam 13: Differential Analysis: the Key to Decision Making

Sunk costs are costs that have proven to be unproductive.

The following information is available on Bruder Incorporated's Product A: The company uses the absorption costing approach to cost-plus pricing described in the text. Based on these data, the total selling and administrative expenses each year are:

Napp Heavy Machinery Corporation has developed a new drill press-model GJ-37-that has been designed to outperform a competitor's best-selling drill press. The competitor's product has a useful life of 30,000 hours of service, has operating costs that average $1.70 per hour, and sells for $169,000. In contrast, model GJ-37 has a useful life of 120,000 hours of service and its operating cost is $1.10 per hour. Napp has not yet established a selling price for model GJ-37. From a value-based pricing standpoint what range of possible prices should Napp consider when setting a price for GJ-37?

Management of Thebeau, Incorporated, is considering a new product that would have a selling price of $72 per unit and projected sales of 40,000 units. The new product would require an investment of $600,000. The desired return on investment is 19%.Required:Determine the target cost per unit for the new product.

Brissett Corporation makes three products that use the current constraint, which is a particular type of machine. Data concerning those products appear below: Required:a. Rank the products in order of their current profitability from the most profitable to the least profitable. In other words, rank the products in the order in which they should be emphasized.b. Assume that sufficient constraint time is available to satisfy demand for all but the least profitable product. Up to how much should the company be willing to pay to acquire more of the constrained resource?

Product U23N has been considered a drag on profits at Jinkerson Corporation for some time and management is considering discontinuing the product altogether. Data from the company's budget for the upcoming year appear below: In the company's accounting system all fixed expenses of the company are fully allocated to products. Further investigation has revealed that $144,000 of the fixed manufacturing expenses and $93,000 of the fixed selling and administrative expenses are avoidable if product U23N is discontinued. The financial advantage (disadvantage) for the company of eliminating this product for the upcoming year would be:

Nance Corporation is about to introduce a new product. The following costs would be incurred if 44,000 units are produced and sold each year: Nance Corporation uses the absorption costing approach to cost-plus pricing as described in the text.Assume that the company has not yet determined a markup to use on the new product. The new product would require an investment of $1,480,000. The company requires a 30% rate of return on investment in all new products. The markup under the absorption costing approach would be closest to:

Magney, Incorporated, uses the absorption costing approach to cost-plus pricing described in the text to set prices for its products. Based on budgeted sales of 84,000 units next year, the unit product cost of a particular product is $40.80. The company's selling and administrative expenses for this product are budgeted to be $1,705,200 in total for the year. The company has invested $300,000 in this product and expects a return on investment of 14%.The selling price for this product based on the absorption costing approach would be closest to:

Contento Corporation manufactures numerous products, one of which is called Kappa15. The company has provided the following data about this product: What is the net operating income for product Kappa15 at the current price?

Companies often allocate common fixed costs among segments. For example, common fixed corporate costs are often allocated to divisions and appear as part of the divisional performance reports. Required: What dangers are there in allocating common fixed costs to segments when involved in a decision to possibly drop a segment such as a product or a division?

The management of Woznick Corporation has been concerned for some time with the financial performance of its product V86O and has considered discontinuing it on several occasions. Data from the company's accounting system for this product for last year appear below: In the company's accounting system all fixed expenses of the company are fully allocated to products. Further investigation has revealed that $30,000 of the fixed manufacturing expenses and $13,000 of the fixed selling and administrative expenses are avoidable if product V86O is discontinued.According to the company's accounting system, what is the net operating income earned by product V86O? Include all costs in this calculation-whether relevant or not.

A customer has requested that Lewelling Corporation fill a special order for 9,000 units of product S47 for $20.50 a unit. While the product would be modified slightly for the special order, product S47's normal unit product cost is $14.40: Assume that direct labor is a variable cost. The special order would have no effect on the company's total fixed manufacturing overhead costs. The customer would like modifications made to product S47 that would increase the variable costs by $5.00 per unit and that would require an investment of $36,000 in special molds that would have no salvage value. This special order would have no effect on the company's other sales. The company has ample spare capacity for producing the special order. The annual financial advantage (disadvantage) for the company as a result of accepting this special order should be:

Jaakola Corporation makes a product with the following costs: The company uses the absorption costing approach to cost-plus pricing described in the text. The pricing calculations are based on budgeted production and sales of 28,000 units per year. The company has invested $360,000 in this product and expects a return on investment of 15%. The markup on absorption cost would be closest to:

The Tolar Corporation has 400 obsolete desk calculators that are carried in inventory at a total cost of $26,800. If these calculators are upgraded at a total cost of $10,000, they can be sold for a total of $30,000. As an alternative, the calculators can be sold in their present condition for $11,200.The sunk cost in this situation is:

Nance Corporation is about to introduce a new product. The following costs would be incurred if 40,000 units are produced and sold each year: Nance Corporation uses the absorption costing approach to cost-plus pricing as described in the text.After introducing the product, the company finds that it has excess capacity. A foreign dealer has offered to purchase 5,000 units of the product at a special price of $21 per unit. This sale would not disturb regular business. If the special price is accepted on the 5,000 units, the effect on total net income for the year should be:

A vertically integrated company is less dependent on its suppliers than a company that is not vertically integrated.

Elfalan Corporation produces a single product. The cost of producing and selling a single unit of this product at the company's normal activity level of 52,000 units per month is as follows: The normal selling price of the product is $110.10 per unit.An order has been received from an overseas customer for 3,200 units to be delivered this month at a special discounted price. This order would not change the total amount of the company's fixed costs. The variable selling and administrative expense would be $2.40 less per unit on this order than on normal sales.Direct labor is a variable cost in this company.Suppose there is ample idle capacity to produce the units required by the overseas customer and the special discounted price on the special order is $88.40 per unit. The monthly financial advantage (disadvantage) for the company as a result of accepting this special order should be:

Eliminating nonproductive processing time is particularly important in a bottleneck operation.

Munafo Corporation is a specialty component manufacturer with idle capacity. Management would like to use its extra capacity to generate additional profits. A potential customer has offered to buy 6,500 units of component VGI. Each unit of VGI requires 1 unit of material I57 and 5 units of material M97. Data concerning these two materials follow: Material I57 is in use in many of the company's products and is routinely replenished. Material M97 is no longer used by the company in any of its normal products and existing stocks would not be replenished once they are used up.What would be the relevant cost of the materials, in total, for purposes of determining a minimum acceptable price for the order for product VGI?

Foto Company makes 50,000 units per year of a part it uses in the products it manufactures. The unit product cost of this part is computed as follows: An outside supplier has offered to sell the company all of these parts it needs for $37.30 a unit. If the company accepts this offer, the facilities now being used to make the part could be used to make more units of a product that is in high demand. The additional contribution margin on this other product would be $310,000 per year.If the part were purchased from the outside supplier, all of the direct labor cost of the part would be avoided. However, $9.70 of the fixed manufacturing overhead cost being applied to the part would continue even if the part were purchased from the outside supplier. This fixed manufacturing overhead cost would be applied to the company's remaining products.Required:a. How much of the unit product cost of $38.20 is relevant in the decision of whether to make or buy the part?b. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of purchasing the part rather than making it?c. What is the maximum amount the company should be willing to pay an outside supplier per unit for the part if the supplier commits to supplying all 50,000 units required each year?