Question 1

The minus strand of DNA serves as the template for RNA production.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The lagging strand

Accepted Answer

A)  is another name for any single-stranded DNA found in slowly dividing cells. 
B)  is formed during RNA replication because of the nature of the enzymes involved in it. 
C)  is formed during DNA replication because of the antiparallel nature of DNA. 
D)  is always the bottom strand of DNA or RNA during the replication process. 
E)  is always the upper strand of DNA or RNA during the replication process. 
A)  is another name for any single-stranded DNA found in slowly dividing cells. 
B)  is formed during RNA replication because of the nature of the enzymes involved in it. 
C)  is formed during DNA replication because of the antiparallel nature of DNA. 
D)  is always the bottom strand of DNA or RNA during the replication process. 
E)  is always the upper strand of DNA or RNA during the replication process.

Question 3

DNA replication is

Accepted Answer

A)  conservative. 
B)  interspersive. 
C)  semiconservative. 
D)  redundant. 
E)  configurative. 
A)  conservative. 
B)  interspersive. 
C)  semiconservative. 
D)  redundant. 
E)  configurative.

Question 4

Which of the following is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transcription is the conversion of DNA into RNA. 
B)  Replication is the process of duplicating a DNA molecule. 
C)  Binary fission is the process of bacterial cell division. 
D)  Transcription is the process of copying mRNA from DNA. 
E)  Translation is the process of synthesizing protein using information in mRNA. 
A)  Transcription is the conversion of DNA into RNA. 
B)  Replication is the process of duplicating a DNA molecule. 
C)  Binary fission is the process of bacterial cell division. 
D)  Transcription is the process of copying mRNA from DNA. 
E)  Translation is the process of synthesizing protein using information in mRNA.

Question 5

Which is False about the RNA transcript?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is formed using the DNA minus strand as a template. 
B)  It has the same 5'-3' orientation as the DNA positive strand. 
C)  It is made in short fragments that are then stitched together. 
D)  The template starts at the promoter region. 
E)  All the answers are False. 
A)  It is formed using the DNA minus strand as a template. 
B)  It has the same 5'-3' orientation as the DNA positive strand. 
C)  It is made in short fragments that are then stitched together. 
D)  The template starts at the promoter region. 
E)  All the answers are False.

Question 6

The transcription terminator

Accepted Answer

A)  results in a hairpin loop structure in RNA, AND stops DNA polymerase. 
B)  results in a hairpin loop structure in RNA, AND results in the polymerase falling off the DNA template. 
C)  stops DNA polymerase, AND results in the polymerase falling off the DNA template. 
D)  stops DNA polymerase, AND adds a terminator nucleotide to the RNA. 
E)  adds a terminator nucleotide to the RNA, AND results in a hairpin loop structure in RNA. 
A)  results in a hairpin loop structure in RNA, AND stops DNA polymerase. 
B)  results in a hairpin loop structure in RNA, AND results in the polymerase falling off the DNA template. 
C)  stops DNA polymerase, AND results in the polymerase falling off the DNA template. 
D)  stops DNA polymerase, AND adds a terminator nucleotide to the RNA. 
E)  adds a terminator nucleotide to the RNA, AND results in a hairpin loop structure in RNA.

Question 7

Which is True about prokaryotic (bacterial) RNA polymerase?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is used during transcription. 
B)  It requires a primer. 
C)  It has a detachable subunit, alpha factor, which recognizes the promoter. 
D)  It reads the template in the 5'-3' direction. 
E)  All of the choices are True. 
A)  It is used during transcription. 
B)  It requires a primer. 
C)  It has a detachable subunit, alpha factor, which recognizes the promoter. 
D)  It reads the template in the 5'-3' direction. 
E)  All of the choices are True.

Question 8

Which is NOT True of RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is usually single-stranded. 
B)  It contains both uracil and thymine. 
C)  It functions in the cytoplasm. 
D)  It contains ribose. 
E)  It is a component of ribosomes. 
A)  It is usually single-stranded. 
B)  It contains both uracil and thymine. 
C)  It functions in the cytoplasm. 
D)  It contains ribose. 
E)  It is a component of ribosomes.

Question 9

The two strands of DNA are bonded to one another by

Accepted Answer

A)  covalent bonds. 
B)  oxygen bonds. 
C)  hydrogen bonds. 
D)  carbon bonds. 
E)  disulfide bridges. 
A)  covalent bonds. 
B)  oxygen bonds. 
C)  hydrogen bonds. 
D)  carbon bonds. 
E)  disulfide bridges.

Question 10

How many nucleotides are in a codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5

Question 11

Which pairing is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  A:T 
B)  G:C 
C)  A:U 
D)  A:G 
E)  C:G 
A)  A:T 
B)  G:C 
C)  A:U 
D)  A:G 
E)  C:G

Question 12

Activators

Accepted Answer

A)  are involved in negative control AND bind to the terminator. 
B)  are involved in positive control AND bind to the terminator. 
C)  are allosteric proteins AND are involved in positive control . 
D)  are allosteric proteins AND are involved in negative control. 
E)  are involved in negative control AND bind to the start codon. 
A)  are involved in negative control AND bind to the terminator. 
B)  are involved in positive control AND bind to the terminator. 
C)  are allosteric proteins AND are involved in positive control . 
D)  are allosteric proteins AND are involved in negative control. 
E)  are involved in negative control AND bind to the start codon.

Question 13

Ribozymes are non-protein molecules with catalytic activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Signal transduction

Accepted Answer

A)  is the relay of information about conditions outside a cell to inside the cell. 
B)  often relies on a four component system. 
C)  never involves phosphorylation of various molecules. 
D)  is used by certain pathogens to sense high magnesium conditions. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
A)  is the relay of information about conditions outside a cell to inside the cell. 
B)  often relies on a four component system. 
C)  never involves phosphorylation of various molecules. 
D)  is used by certain pathogens to sense high magnesium conditions. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 15

The report that genes direct the synthesis of proteins was first made by

Accepted Answer

A)  Lederberg. 
B)  Watson and Crick. 
C)  Beadle and Tatum. 
D)  Mendel. 
E)  Curie. 
A)  Lederberg. 
B)  Watson and Crick. 
C)  Beadle and Tatum. 
D)  Mendel. 
E)  Curie.

Question 16

If a DNA triplet is AGT, the mRNA codon would be ________ and the tRNA anticodon would be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  TCA; AGU 
B)  UCA; AGU 
C)  TGA; serine 
D)  UCA; stop 
E)  AGU; UGA 
A)  TCA; AGU 
B)  UCA; AGU 
C)  TGA; serine 
D)  UCA; stop 
E)  AGU; UGA

Question 17

The anticodon determines which amino acid is linked to its tRNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Repressors

Accepted Answer

A)  bind or do not bind to the operator depending on their shape (conformation) AND are involved in positive control. 
B)  bind or do not bind to the operator depending on their shape (conformation) AND are involved in negative control. 
C)  always bind to the promoter AND are involved in positive control. 
D)  always bind to the promoter AND are involved in negative control. 
E)  always bind to the ribosome AND are involved in negative control. 
A)  bind or do not bind to the operator depending on their shape (conformation) AND are involved in positive control. 
B)  bind or do not bind to the operator depending on their shape (conformation) AND are involved in negative control. 
C)  always bind to the promoter AND are involved in positive control. 
D)  always bind to the promoter AND are involved in negative control. 
E)  always bind to the ribosome AND are involved in negative control.

Question 19

RNA is characterized by which one of the following features?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deoxyribose 
B)  Thymine 
C)  Ribose 
D)  Double-stranded 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
A)  Deoxyribose 
B)  Thymine 
C)  Ribose 
D)  Double-stranded 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 20

The amino acid that is placed first during translation in bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts is

Accepted Answer

A)  methionine. 
B)  N-formyl-methionine. 
C)  glycine. 
D)  N-formyl-glycine. 
E)  the promoter. 
A)  methionine. 
B)  N-formyl-methionine. 
C)  glycine. 
D)  N-formyl-glycine. 
E)  the promoter.

Exam 7: The Blueprint of Life, from DNA to Protein

The minus strand of DNA serves as the template for RNA production.

The lagging strand

DNA replication is

Which of the following is INCORRECT?

Which is False about the RNA transcript?

The transcription terminator

Which is True about prokaryotic (bacterial) RNA polymerase?

Which is NOT True of RNA?

The two strands of DNA are bonded to one another by

How many nucleotides are in a codon?

Which pairing is incorrect?

Activators

Ribozymes are non-protein molecules with catalytic activity.

Signal transduction

The report that genes direct the synthesis of proteins was first made by

If a DNA triplet is AGT, the mRNA codon would be ________ and the tRNA anticodon would be ________.

The anticodon determines which amino acid is linked to its tRNA.

Repressors

RNA is characterized by which one of the following features?

The amino acid that is placed first during translation in bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts is

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Microbial Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology

Identifying and Classifying Microorganisms

The Diversity of Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunological Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Nervous System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

Filters

If a DNA triplet is AGT, the mRNA codon would be and the tRNA anticodon would be .