Question 1

Which one of the following problems is the best example of an ill-defined problem?

Accepted Answer

A) determining the average of a group of test scores 
B) helping a friend whose feelings have been hurt 
C) clearing a driveway after a snowstorm 
D) staying dry in a rainstorm 
A) determining the average of a group of test scores 
B) helping a friend whose feelings have been hurt 
C) clearing a driveway after a snowstorm 
D) staying dry in a rainstorm

Question 2

Which one of the following statements best describes the notion of conceptual understanding?

Accepted Answer

A) Students learn all the facts that a teacher or textbook presents related to a topic. 
B) Students come to the realization that a particular belief they have is incorrect. 
C) Students can describe two opposing perspectives about a controversial issue. 
D) Students learn ideas related to a topic in a meaningful and integrated fashion. 
A) Students learn all the facts that a teacher or textbook presents related to a topic. 
B) Students come to the realization that a particular belief they have is incorrect. 
C) Students can describe two opposing perspectives about a controversial issue. 
D) Students learn ideas related to a topic in a meaningful and integrated fashion.

Question 3

Ideally we should engage students in authentic problem-solving activities as often as possible.When such activities are logistically impossible or impractical, the most "authentic" alternative is probably:

Accepted Answer

A) telling colourful anecdotes about how people have solved problems in the local community. 
B) presenting computer simulations of real-world problems. 
C) giving verbal descriptions of problems (e.g., mathematical "word problems"). 
D) assigning readings about how experts have solved real-world problems. 
A) telling colourful anecdotes about how people have solved problems in the local community. 
B) presenting computer simulations of real-world problems. 
C) giving verbal descriptions of problems (e.g., mathematical "word problems"). 
D) assigning readings about how experts have solved real-world problems.

Question 4

Which of the following is considered to be "the cornerstone of cognitive theories of learning"?

Accepted Answer

A) students are increasing meta-cognitive skills. 
B) students are developing new concepts. 
C) students are provided with learning strategies. 
D) students are actively engaged in the learning process. 
A) students are increasing meta-cognitive skills. 
B) students are developing new concepts. 
C) students are provided with learning strategies. 
D) students are actively engaged in the learning process.

Question 5

Which of one of the following teachers is not necessarily utilizing a strategy that will facilitate concept learning?

Accepted Answer

A) Ms.LaRoche underlines the verbs in a passage. 
B) Mr.Kwan starts his science lesson with a definition of solute. 
C) Ms.Bonnel has students use their personal theories as a guide in history. 
D) Mr.Frank asks his students to find the amphibians among an array of animals. 
A) Ms.LaRoche underlines the verbs in a passage. 
B) Mr.Kwan starts his science lesson with a definition of solute. 
C) Ms.Bonnel has students use their personal theories as a guide in history. 
D) Mr.Frank asks his students to find the amphibians among an array of animals.

Question 6

From the perspective of promoting knowledge construction, one advantage of having students read classic works of fiction is that:

Accepted Answer

A) the books serve as a form of "cognitive apprenticeship" between the authors and the students. 
B) students can see how others-in particular, the authors of the books they read-have tried to make sense of the human experience. 
C) students are more likely to undergo conceptual change when they read fiction than when they read nonfiction. 
D) challenging works of literature promote language development, which in turn leads almost immediately to a better understanding of the ideas presented in class. 
A) the books serve as a form of "cognitive apprenticeship" between the authors and the students. 
B) students can see how others-in particular, the authors of the books they read-have tried to make sense of the human experience. 
C) students are more likely to undergo conceptual change when they read fiction than when they read nonfiction. 
D) challenging works of literature promote language development, which in turn leads almost immediately to a better understanding of the ideas presented in class.

Question 7

According to Canadian research on meta-cognitive awareness, which one of the following is an area of difficulty for students with learning disabilities?

Accepted Answer

A) using meta-cognitive scaffolding 
B) assisting peers in elaborative interrogation 
C) identifying memes 
D) using learning strategies effectively 
A) using meta-cognitive scaffolding 
B) assisting peers in elaborative interrogation 
C) identifying memes 
D) using learning strategies effectively

Question 8

Which of the following is a necessary component for conceptual change?

Accepted Answer

A) using computer simulations of new concept. 
B) forgetting the old concept. 
C) making connections between old and new concept. 
D) the development of multiple constructions. 
A) using computer simulations of new concept. 
B) forgetting the old concept. 
C) making connections between old and new concept. 
D) the development of multiple constructions.

Question 9

From the perspective of cognitive psychology, a schema can best be described as a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) organized body of information about a particular topic. 
B) plan of action regarding how to learn something. 
C) set of reasons why a student would want to learn something. 
D) basic piece of information upon which most other knowledge must build. 
A) organized body of information about a particular topic. 
B) plan of action regarding how to learn something. 
C) set of reasons why a student would want to learn something. 
D) basic piece of information upon which most other knowledge must build.

Question 10

Cognitive psychologists have identified several factors that affect problem-solving success.Provide a description and a concrete example of three of these.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive factors affecting problem solv

Question 11

Three of the following are accurate statements about factors that affect transfer.Which statement is inaccurate?

Accepted Answer

A) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they have learned it in a meaningful, rather than rote, fashion. 
B) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they have studied it for a lengthy period of time. 
C) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they have learned general principles rather than specific facts. 
D) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they see it as "belonging" to a particular academic subject area. 
A) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they have learned it in a meaningful, rather than rote, fashion. 
B) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they have studied it for a lengthy period of time. 
C) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they have learned general principles rather than specific facts. 
D) Students are more likely to transfer what they have learned when they see it as "belonging" to a particular academic subject area.

Question 12

Which one of the following is the best description of concept map?

Accepted Answer

A) a diagram of concepts and interrelationships. 
B) a diagram of circles and lines. 
C) a hierarchical depiction of concepts. 
D) a simple visual representation of concepts. 
A) a diagram of concepts and interrelationships. 
B) a diagram of circles and lines. 
C) a hierarchical depiction of concepts. 
D) a simple visual representation of concepts.

Question 13

Three of the following are accurate descriptions of "misconceptions".Which one is not?

Accepted Answer

A) they often evolve with little guidance. 
B) they are common among children but not among adolescents. 
C) they may include erroneous beliefs. 
D) they arise from a variety of sources. 
A) they often evolve with little guidance. 
B) they are common among children but not among adolescents. 
C) they may include erroneous beliefs. 
D) they arise from a variety of sources.

Question 14

Gabriel needs to study for an upcoming exam.He does a number of things to prepare for the exam, four of which are listed below.Three of these illustrate metacognition.Which one reflects little if any metacognitive activity?

Accepted Answer

A) He allows himself adequate study time for the exam. 
B) He directs his eyes to the first page of his textbook. 
C) He identifies a suitable mnemonic technique that will help him remember a difficult piece of information. 
D) He tests himself to see if he is sufficiently prepared for the exam. 
A) He allows himself adequate study time for the exam. 
B) He directs his eyes to the first page of his textbook. 
C) He identifies a suitable mnemonic technique that will help him remember a difficult piece of information. 
D) He tests himself to see if he is sufficiently prepared for the exam.

Question 15

Identify something you will be teaching your students that you will want them to be able to use in the "real world." With the factors affecting transfer in mind, describe four different strategies you can use to help students transfer what they learn to situations outside the classroom.For each strategy, be specific and concrete as to what you would do.

Accepted Answer

Possible strategies to be derived from t

Question 16

Three of the following are common misconceptions that elementary or secondary students are likely to have.Which one is not commonly found?

Accepted Answer

A) Any moving object has a force acting on it. 
B) Most animals can survive for months without food. 
C) Rivers run from north to south, but not vice versa. 
D) The earth is shaped like a disk. 
A) Any moving object has a force acting on it. 
B) Most animals can survive for months without food. 
C) Rivers run from north to south, but not vice versa. 
D) The earth is shaped like a disk.

Question 17

Which one of the following examples best illustrates the use of a personal theory as a child learns the concept spider?

Accepted Answer

A) Julian assumes that spiders must give birth to baby spiders, just as people give birth to baby people. 
B) Ian learns that spiders have eight legs, whereas insects have only six. 
C) Ruby learns that spiders, along with scorpions and ticks, are members of the arachnid class. 
D) Dana remembers what happened when her cousin was bitten by a black widow spider. 
A) Julian assumes that spiders must give birth to baby spiders, just as people give birth to baby people. 
B) Ian learns that spiders have eight legs, whereas insects have only six. 
C) Ruby learns that spiders, along with scorpions and ticks, are members of the arachnid class. 
D) Dana remembers what happened when her cousin was bitten by a black widow spider.

Question 18

Which one of the following strategies best describes the concept of metacognitive scaffolding?

Accepted Answer

A) Provide support mechanisms that can help students use newly acquired learning strategies. 
B) Teach students the importance of thinking carefully about the things they are learning. 
C) Guide students step-by-step through problem-solving algorithms. 
D) Teach students that successful learning often does not occur in a rapid all-or-none fashion, but instead may take considerable time and effort on their part. 
A) Provide support mechanisms that can help students use newly acquired learning strategies. 
B) Teach students the importance of thinking carefully about the things they are learning. 
C) Guide students step-by-step through problem-solving algorithms. 
D) Teach students that successful learning often does not occur in a rapid all-or-none fashion, but instead may take considerable time and effort on their part.

Question 19

Three of the following are examples of authentic activities.Which one is least authentic?

Accepted Answer

A) collecting samples of local vegetation in a botany class 
B) writing an editorial for the local newspaper 
C) playing shortstop in a baseball game 
D) taking an essay test in a history class 
A) collecting samples of local vegetation in a botany class 
B) writing an editorial for the local newspaper 
C) playing shortstop in a baseball game 
D) taking an essay test in a history class

Which one of the following problems is the best example of an ill-defined problem?

Which one of the following statements best describes the notion of conceptual understanding?

Ideally we should engage students in authentic problem-solving activities as often as possible.When such activities are logistically impossible or impractical, the most "authentic" alternative is probably:

Which of the following is considered to be "the cornerstone of cognitive theories of learning"?

Which of one of the following teachers is not necessarily utilizing a strategy that will facilitate concept learning?

From the perspective of promoting knowledge construction, one advantage of having students read classic works of fiction is that:

According to Canadian research on meta-cognitive awareness, which one of the following is an area of difficulty for students with learning disabilities?

Which of the following is a necessary component for conceptual change?

From the perspective of cognitive psychology, a schema can best be described as a(n):

Cognitive psychologists have identified several factors that affect problem-solving success.Provide a description and a concrete example of three of these.

Three of the following are accurate statements about factors that affect transfer.Which statement is inaccurate?

Which one of the following is the best description of concept map?

Three of the following are accurate descriptions of "misconceptions".Which one is not?

Gabriel needs to study for an upcoming exam.He does a number of things to prepare for the exam, four of which are listed below.Three of these illustrate metacognition.Which one reflects little if any metacognitive activity?

Three of the following are common misconceptions that elementary or secondary students are likely to have.Which one is not commonly found?

Which one of the following examples best illustrates the use of a personal theory as a child learns the concept spider?

Which one of the following strategies best describes the concept of metacognitive scaffolding?

Three of the following are examples of authentic activities.Which one is least authentic?

Educational Psychology and Teacher Decision Making

Cognitive and Linguistic Development

Personal, Social, and Moral Development

Individual and Group Differences

Learning and Behaviour Processes

Learning and Cognitive Processes

Social Cognitive Views of Learning

Motivation, Affect, and Cognition

Instructional Strategies

Creating and Maintaining a Productive Classroom Environment

Instructional Assessment

Describing Relationships with Correlation Coefficients

Filters

Exam 7: Knowledge Construction

Which one of the following problems is the best example of an ill-defined problem?

Which one of the following statements best describes the notion of conceptual understanding?

Ideally we should engage students in authentic problem-solving activities as often as possible.When such activities are logistically impossible or impractical, the most "authentic" alternative is probably:

Which of the following is considered to be "the cornerstone of cognitive theories of learning"?

Which of one of the following teachers is not necessarily utilizing a strategy that will facilitate concept learning?

From the perspective of promoting knowledge construction, one advantage of having students read classic works of fiction is that:

According to Canadian research on meta-cognitive awareness, which one of the following is an area of difficulty for students with learning disabilities?

Which of the following is a necessary component for conceptual change?

From the perspective of cognitive psychology, a schema can best be described as a(n):

Cognitive psychologists have identified several factors that affect problem-solving success.Provide a description and a concrete example of three of these.

Three of the following are accurate statements about factors that affect transfer.Which statement is inaccurate?

Which one of the following is the best description of concept map?

Three of the following are accurate descriptions of "misconceptions".Which one is not?

Gabriel needs to study for an upcoming exam.He does a number of things to prepare for the exam, four of which are listed below.Three of these illustrate metacognition.Which one reflects little if any metacognitive activity?

Three of the following are common misconceptions that elementary or secondary students are likely to have.Which one is not commonly found?

Which one of the following examples best illustrates the use of a personal theory as a child learns the concept spider?

Which one of the following strategies best describes the concept of metacognitive scaffolding?

Three of the following are examples of authentic activities.Which one is least authentic?

Educational Psychology and Teacher Decision Making

Cognitive and Linguistic Development

Personal, Social, and Moral Development

Individual and Group Differences

Learning and Behaviour Processes

Learning and Cognitive Processes

Social Cognitive Views of Learning

Motivation, Affect, and Cognition

Instructional Strategies

Creating and Maintaining a Productive Classroom Environment

Instructional Assessment

Describing Relationships with Correlation Coefficients

Filters