Exam 3: Using Supply and Demand to Analyze Markets

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Integral calculus can be used to determine:

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(Figure: Market for Good X II) The deadweight loss when providing the subsidy is ____. (Figure: Market for Good X II) The deadweight loss when providing the subsidy is ____.

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Suppose that the market demand curve for residential water is given by QD = 10 - 2.25P and the market supply curve is given by QS = -10 + 2.75P where the quantity is measured in millions of gallons per month and the price is in dollars per thousand gallons. a. Calculate the equilibrium price and quantity. b. Calculate the consumer surplus at the equilibrium price.

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Suppose the demand and supply curves for shampoo are given by QD = 18 - 5P QS = -3 + 2P where QD is the quantity of shampoo demanded (in thousands of bottles), QS is the quantity supplied, and P is the price of shampoo (in dollars per bottle). a. Calculate the equilibrium price and quantity. b. Calculate the consumer surplus at the equilibrium price.

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Assume that the demand for selfie sticks (a device that helps a person take their own picture) is QD = 6 - 0.5P. Supply is given as QS = P. The deadweight loss due to a quota of two sticks is $_____.

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(Figure: Market for Grapefruits II) If the price per bag of grapefruit increases from $6 to $8, producer surplus increases by: (Figure: Market for Grapefruits II) If the price per bag of grapefruit increases from $6 to $8, producer surplus increases by:

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The market for plywood (a sheet of wood used in construction) is characterized by the following demand and supply equations: QD = 800 - 10P and QS = 50P - 1,000, where P is the price per sheet of plywood and Q measures the quantity of plywood. What is the size of the deadweight loss if the government imposes a price ceiling of $25 per sheet of plywood?

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Suppose that a local government has imposed a quota of 0.5 million gallons on water usage. Before the quota is enforced, the market demand curve is given by QD = 10 - 2.25P And the market supply curve is given by QS = -10 + 2.75P Where the quantity is measured in millions of gallons per month and the price is in dollars per thousand gallons. After the quota is imposed, the price becomes ____.

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(Figure: Market for Good X II) Before the subsidy, sellers receive ____ and after the subsidy, seller receive ____. (Figure: Market for Good X II) Before the subsidy, sellers receive ____ and after the subsidy, seller receive ____.

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(Figure: Market for Asparagus I) Suppose the government mandates a price ceiling of $3 per pound. Producer surplus decreases by: (Figure: Market for Asparagus I) Suppose the government mandates a price ceiling of $3 per pound. Producer surplus decreases by:

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(Figure: Market for Peanuts II) At a price floor of $750, there is an excess supply of _____ tons of peanuts. (Figure: Market for Peanuts II) At a price floor of $750, there is an excess supply of _____ tons of peanuts.

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(Figure: Market for Enplanements) From the year 2000 to 2001, the demand curve for air travel shifted inward, from D2000 to D2001. In 2000, the equilibrium price and quantity were $122.22 and 148.9 million enplanements, respectively. In 2001, the equilibrium price and quantity fell to $104.82 and 123.6 million enplanements, respectively. The loss in producer surplus attributable to the decrease in demand is equal to area: (Figure: Market for Enplanements) From the year 2000 to 2001, the demand curve for air travel shifted inward, from D<sub>2000</sub> to D<sub>2001</sub>. In 2000, the equilibrium price and quantity were $122.22 and 148.9 million enplanements, respectively. In 2001, the equilibrium price and quantity fell to $104.82 and 123.6 million enplanements, respectively. The loss in producer surplus attributable to the decrease in demand is equal to area:

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If the government subsidizes the production of a good:

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(Figure: Market for Golf I) The supply of private golf courses is Sprivate golf and the supply of private and public golf courses is Stotal. The government provision of public golf courses reduced the number of rounds per week played on private golf courses by: (Figure: Market for Golf I) The supply of private golf courses is S<sub>private</sub> <sub>golf</sub> and the supply of private and public golf courses is S<sub>total</sub>. The government provision of public golf courses reduced the number of rounds per week played on private golf courses by:

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Suppose that a local government has imposed a quota of 0.5 million gallons on water usage. Before the quota is enforced, the market demand curve is given by QD = 10 - 2.25P And the market supply curve is given by QS = -10 + 2.75P Where the quantity is measured in millions of gallons per month and the price is in dollars per thousand gallons. After the quota is imposed, the quantity demanded becomes ____.

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Suppose the demand and supply curves for units of university credits are given by QD = 5,000 - P QS = -1,000 + 4P where QD is the quantity of credits demanded, QS is the quantity supplied, and P is the price in dollars for each unit. Calculate the producer surplus at the equilibrium price.

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In 2007, Hawaii began providing universal health care coverage to all children, but the Hawaiian government ended the program in just 7 months. Government officials claimed that most of the children who received government coverage dropped their private insurance to become eligible for the program. As a government official stated, "People who were already able to afford healthcare began to stop paying for it so they could get it for free." In this example, Hawaii's universal health care coverage caused:

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Suppose that a maximum price (price ceiling) is legislated. To calculate consumer surplus:

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In the market for cotton, the quantity demanded and quantity supplied are expressed mathematically as QD = 400 - 250P and QS = 250P - 100, where P is the price per pound of cotton and Q measures pounds of cotton. Suppose the government sets a price ceiling of $0.50 per pound of cotton. The deadweight loss with the price ceiling is:

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Suppose the demand and supply curves for units of university credits are given by QD = 5,000 - P QS = -1,000 + 4P where QD is the quantity of credits demanded, QS is the quantity supplied, and P is the price charged for each unit in dollars. Suppose that the government wants to make education more accessible and, therefore, passes a regulation that says no university can charge more than $1,000 per credit. Calculate the deadweight loss associated with this price ceiling.

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