Question 1

During the Middle Ages, children were expected to reach the "age of reason" at age 7.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Describe how adaptation is used to further development, according to Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory.

Accepted Answer

Adaptation is a biological necessity tha

Question 3

How has the study of adult development changed over time?

Accepted Answer

A)  After the population shift of the 1990s, developmental theorists focused their studies more on adult development, leading to a diminished interest in child and adolescent development. 
B)  It was extensively studied during the social justice conscience efforts of the 1960s, but interest faded out by the 1980s. 
C)  Today, researchers have expanded their work and are beginning to study emerging adulthood more. 
D)  Developmental theorists overlooked this field of study because adulthood developmental changes are primary physical, and not social and cognitive. 
A)  After the population shift of the 1990s, developmental theorists focused their studies more on adult development, leading to a diminished interest in child and adolescent development. 
B)  It was extensively studied during the social justice conscience efforts of the 1960s, but interest faded out by the 1980s. 
C)  Today, researchers have expanded their work and are beginning to study emerging adulthood more. 
D)  Developmental theorists overlooked this field of study because adulthood developmental changes are primary physical, and not social and cognitive.

Question 4

Compare and contrast Freud's psychosexual theory and Erikson's psychosocial theory of development.

Accepted Answer

Freud's theory considers the id to be th

Question 5

Longitudinal research studies the same individuals over time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which statement would you be most likely to hear from an ethologist?

Accepted Answer

A)  Different varieties of living things have different fixed action patterns. 
B)  Instincts have little effect on the behaviour of an individual. 
C)  Prenatal exposure to hormones has little effect on gender behaviours. 
D)  The same level of influence of biology affects humans as it does other animals. 
A)  Different varieties of living things have different fixed action patterns. 
B)  Instincts have little effect on the behaviour of an individual. 
C)  Prenatal exposure to hormones has little effect on gender behaviours. 
D)  The same level of influence of biology affects humans as it does other animals.

Question 7

Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory suggests that children passively respond to their environments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is characteristic of punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is usually more effective than reinforcement. 
B)  It is a good way to teach children how to deal with stress. 
C)  It does not suggest an alternative to unacceptable behaviour. 
D)  It is methodically planned and executed 
A)  It is usually more effective than reinforcement. 
B)  It is a good way to teach children how to deal with stress. 
C)  It does not suggest an alternative to unacceptable behaviour. 
D)  It is methodically planned and executed

Question 9

Which statement best describes infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  They do not have schemas. 
B)  They are incapable of cognition. 
C)  They are entirely dependent on reflexes for survival. 
D)  They have schemas that involve simply what they can and cannot do with objects. 
A)  They do not have schemas. 
B)  They are incapable of cognition. 
C)  They are entirely dependent on reflexes for survival. 
D)  They have schemas that involve simply what they can and cannot do with objects.

Question 10

According to Piaget, how are schemas changed?

Accepted Answer

A)  only through assimilation 
B)  by combining previously acquired physical schemas with new knowledge 
C)  as a result of the more complex genetic structures that children acquire as they get older 
D)  by comparing new information with old schemas that do not fit the new information 
A)  only through assimilation 
B)  by combining previously acquired physical schemas with new knowledge 
C)  as a result of the more complex genetic structures that children acquire as they get older 
D)  by comparing new information with old schemas that do not fit the new information

Question 11

Jean-Jacques Rousseau stated that children were born inherently mischievous.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which statement best describes one of the major challenges to cross-sectional research?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is hampered by cost unlike any other form of research. 
B)  It takes more time than all other types of research. 
C)  There are societal changes that mean groups are not easily compared. 
D)  It has too many ethical problems to be considered an effective research method. 
A)  It is hampered by cost unlike any other form of research. 
B)  It takes more time than all other types of research. 
C)  There are societal changes that mean groups are not easily compared. 
D)  It has too many ethical problems to be considered an effective research method.

Question 13

Naturalistic observation can be used to study athletes from different sports.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Dependent variables are measured results in an experiment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What was Gesell's view of child development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children are inherently evil. 
B)  Children are inherently good. 
C)  Environment is the main principle of development. 
D)  Biological maturation is the main principle of development.
VARIABLES
A study is being conducted on violent television and aggression. 
A)  Children are inherently evil. 
B)  Children are inherently good. 
C)  Environment is the main principle of development. 
D)  Biological maturation is the main principle of development.
VARIABLES
A study is being conducted on violent television and aggression.

Question 16

What is the best way to divide the participants into groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use random assignment. 
B)  Divide the group based on age; older and younger than 30 years. 
C)  Have all males in one group and all females in the other. 
D)  Make sure that each group wants to eat the chocolate or chew the gum. 
A)  Use random assignment. 
B)  Divide the group based on age; older and younger than 30 years. 
C)  Have all males in one group and all females in the other. 
D)  Make sure that each group wants to eat the chocolate or chew the gum.

Question 17

Beavers reared in isolation have been known to build dams, even if they have never seen either a dam or another beaver build a dam. What term do ethologists use to refer to these built-in, instinctive behaviours?

Accepted Answer

A)  reflexes 
B)  fixed action patterns 
C)  survival mechanisms 
D)  learned behavioural tendencies 
A)  reflexes 
B)  fixed action patterns 
C)  survival mechanisms 
D)  learned behavioural tendencies

Question 18

What action might a teacher take when a child needs "time out from positive reinforcement"?

Accepted Answer

A)  placing the child in a "time-out seat" at the front of the classroom 
B)  having the child write sentences on the board 
C)  having the child sit and read a book in the corner of the classroom 
D)  placing the child away from peers and classroom activities for a short time period 
A)  placing the child in a "time-out seat" at the front of the classroom 
B)  having the child write sentences on the board 
C)  having the child sit and read a book in the corner of the classroom 
D)  placing the child away from peers and classroom activities for a short time period

Question 19

A control group in an experiment receives the experimental treatment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The nature and nurture controversy debates whether development is continuous or a series of stages.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

During the Middle Ages, children were expected to reach the "age of reason" at age 7.

Describe how adaptation is used to further development, according to Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory.

How has the study of adult development changed over time?

Compare and contrast Freud's psychosexual theory and Erikson's psychosocial theory of development.

Longitudinal research studies the same individuals over time.

Which statement would you be most likely to hear from an ethologist?

Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory suggests that children passively respond to their environments.

Which of the following is characteristic of punishment?

Which statement best describes infants?

According to Piaget, how are schemas changed?

Jean-Jacques Rousseau stated that children were born inherently mischievous.

Which statement best describes one of the major challenges to cross-sectional research?

Naturalistic observation can be used to study athletes from different sports.

Dependent variables are measured results in an experiment.

What was Gesell's view of child development?

What is the best way to divide the participants into groups?

Beavers reared in isolation have been known to build dams, even if they have never seen either a dam or another beaver build a dam. What term do ethologists use to refer to these built-in, instinctive behaviours?

What action might a teacher take when a child needs "time out from positive reinforcement"?

A control group in an experiment receives the experimental treatment.

The nature and nurture controversy debates whether development is continuous or a series of stages.

Heredity Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World

Infancy: Physical Development

Infancy: Cognitive Development

Infancy: Social and Emotional Development

Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Adolescence: Physical and Cognitive Development

Adolescence: Social and Emotional Development

Early Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Early Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Middle Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Late Adulthood: Physical and Emotional Development

Late Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Lifes Final Chapter

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Exam 1: History, Theories, and Methods

During the Middle Ages, children were expected to reach the "age of reason" at age 7.

Describe how adaptation is used to further development, according to Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory.

How has the study of adult development changed over time?

Compare and contrast Freud's psychosexual theory and Erikson's psychosocial theory of development.

Longitudinal research studies the same individuals over time.

Which statement would you be most likely to hear from an ethologist?

Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory suggests that children passively respond to their environments.

Which of the following is characteristic of punishment?

Which statement best describes infants?

According to Piaget, how are schemas changed?

Jean-Jacques Rousseau stated that children were born inherently mischievous.

Which statement best describes one of the major challenges to cross-sectional research?

Naturalistic observation can be used to study athletes from different sports.

Dependent variables are measured results in an experiment.

What was Gesell's view of child development?

What is the best way to divide the participants into groups?

Beavers reared in isolation have been known to build dams, even if they have never seen either a dam or another beaver build a dam. What term do ethologists use to refer to these built-in, instinctive behaviours?

What action might a teacher take when a child needs "time out from positive reinforcement"?

A control group in an experiment receives the experimental treatment.

The nature and nurture controversy debates whether development is continuous or a series of stages.

Heredity Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World

Infancy: Physical Development

Infancy: Cognitive Development

Infancy: Social and Emotional Development

Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Adolescence: Physical and Cognitive Development

Adolescence: Social and Emotional Development

Early Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Early Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Middle Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Late Adulthood: Physical and Emotional Development

Late Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Lifes Final Chapter

Filters