Question 1

Figure 26.6
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label H.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cortical nephron 
B)  Major calyx 
C)  Juxtamedullary nephron 
D)  Minor calyx 
E)  Collecting duct 
A)  Cortical nephron 
B)  Major calyx 
C)  Juxtamedullary nephron 
D)  Minor calyx 
E)  Collecting duct

Question 2

The kidneys, adrenal glands, and ureters, which lie against the muscles of the posterior body wall, are all ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  intraperitoneal 
B)  medial to the aorta 
C)  retroperitoneal 
D)  at the level between T₁₀ and L₁ 
E)  at the level between C₇ and T₃ 
A)  intraperitoneal 
B)  medial to the aorta 
C)  retroperitoneal 
D)  at the level between T₁₀ and L₁ 
E)  at the level between C₇ and T₃

Question 3

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)controls the permeability of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) 
B)  collecting system 
C)  nephron loop 
D)  glomerulus 
E)  trigone 
A)  proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) 
B)  collecting system 
C)  nephron loop 
D)  glomerulus 
E)  trigone

Question 4

Figure 26.8
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

Accepted Answer

A)  Efferent arteriole 
B)  Proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  Afferent arteriole 
D)  Distal convoluted tubule 
E)  Macula densa 
A)  Efferent arteriole 
B)  Proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  Afferent arteriole 
D)  Distal convoluted tubule 
E)  Macula densa

Question 5

Which of the following statements regarding the glomerulus is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a portion of the proximal convoluted tubule. 
B)  It is a capillary network contained within the renal corpuscle. 
C)  It occurs in the nephron loop. 
D)  It filters urine just prior to its exit from the kidney. 
E)  It empties directly into the interlobar veins. 
A)  It is a portion of the proximal convoluted tubule. 
B)  It is a capillary network contained within the renal corpuscle. 
C)  It occurs in the nephron loop. 
D)  It filters urine just prior to its exit from the kidney. 
E)  It empties directly into the interlobar veins.

Question 6

Figure 26.5
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label J.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cortical radiate arteries 
B)  Arcuate arteries 
C)  Renal veins 
D)  Interlobar veins 
E)  Arcuate veins 
A)  Cortical radiate arteries 
B)  Arcuate arteries 
C)  Renal veins 
D)  Interlobar veins 
E)  Arcuate veins

Question 7

Which is the correct order of the structures of the male urethra, from the bladder to the exterior?
(1)collecting duct
(2)spongy urethra
(3)descending limb
(4)membranous urethra
(5)prostatic urethra

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 3, 5 
B)  2, 4 
C)  4, 2, 1 
D)  5, 4, 2 
E)  1, 2, 3, 4, 5 
A)  1, 3, 5 
B)  2, 4 
C)  4, 2, 1 
D)  5, 4, 2 
E)  1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Question 8

Figure 26.7
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

Accepted Answer

A)  Distal convoluted tubule 
B)  Proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  Renal corpuscle 
D)  Thick ascending limb 
E)  Thin descending limb 
A)  Distal convoluted tubule 
B)  Proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  Renal corpuscle 
D)  Thick ascending limb 
E)  Thin descending limb

Question 9

The mechanism whereby benign enlargement of the prostate affects urinary function in older men may be due to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  compression of the membranous urethra 
B)  compression of the body of the bladder 
C)  compression of the opening of the ureters into the bladder 
D)  compression of the prostatic urethra 
E)  deterioration of the detrusor muscle 
A)  compression of the membranous urethra 
B)  compression of the body of the bladder 
C)  compression of the opening of the ureters into the bladder 
D)  compression of the prostatic urethra 
E)  deterioration of the detrusor muscle

Question 10

A typical adult kidney weighs about 150 grams and measures about ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  12 cm long, 6.5 cm wide, and 2.5 cm thick 
B)  10 cm long, 5.5 cm wide, and 3 cm thick 
C)  15 cm long, 10.5 cm wide, and 4.5 cm thick 
D)  8 cm long, 10.5 cm wide, and 2.5 cm thick 
E)  12 cm long, 2.5 cm wide, and 8 cm thick 
A)  12 cm long, 6.5 cm wide, and 2.5 cm thick 
B)  10 cm long, 5.5 cm wide, and 3 cm thick 
C)  15 cm long, 10.5 cm wide, and 4.5 cm thick 
D)  8 cm long, 10.5 cm wide, and 2.5 cm thick 
E)  12 cm long, 2.5 cm wide, and 8 cm thick

Question 11

The ascending limb contains active transport mechanisms that pump sodium and chloride ions out of the tubular fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The secondary function of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT)to reabsorb sodium is controlled by which hormone(s)?

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone 
B)  antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
C)  renin 
D)  cortisol 
E)  aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
A)  aldosterone 
B)  antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
C)  renin 
D)  cortisol 
E)  aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 13

Figure 26.6
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label K.

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal artery 
B)  Segmental artery 
C)  Arcuate artery 
D)  Cortical radiate artery 
E)  Interlobar artery 
A)  Renal artery 
B)  Segmental artery 
C)  Arcuate artery 
D)  Cortical radiate artery 
E)  Interlobar artery

Question 14

Describe the composition of the filtrate that escapes from the glomerular capillaries.

Accepted Answer

A)  composition similar to that of plasma 
B)  composition similar to that of whole blood 
C)  a fluid similar to plasma, but without the blood proteins 
D)  water only 
E)  equal to the composition of the urine arriving at the renal pelvis 
A)  composition similar to that of plasma 
B)  composition similar to that of whole blood 
C)  a fluid similar to plasma, but without the blood proteins 
D)  water only 
E)  equal to the composition of the urine arriving at the renal pelvis

Question 15

Figure 26.4
   
Identify the specified labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

Accepted Answer

A)  Capsule 
B)  Minor calyx 
C)  Hilum 
D)  Cortex 
E)  Major calyx 
A)  Capsule 
B)  Minor calyx 
C)  Hilum 
D)  Cortex 
E)  Major calyx

Question 16

The lateral umbilical ligaments, which pass along the sides of the bladder and also reach the umbilicus, are fibrous cords that contain the vestiges of the umbilical arteries that supplied blood to the placenta during embryonic and fetal development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Individual collecting tubules connect each nephron to which nearby structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) 
B)  ascending limb 
C)  collecting duct 
D)  descending limb 
E)  distal convoluted tubule (DCT) 
A)  proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) 
B)  ascending limb 
C)  collecting duct 
D)  descending limb 
E)  distal convoluted tubule (DCT)

Question 18

The inner mucosa of each ureter is lined by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  simple ciliated columnar epithelium 
B)  stratified columnar epithelium 
C)  simple cuboidal epithelium 
D)  transitional epithelium 
E)  pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium 
A)  simple ciliated columnar epithelium 
B)  stratified columnar epithelium 
C)  simple cuboidal epithelium 
D)  transitional epithelium 
E)  pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 19

Figure 26.1
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label F.

Accepted Answer

A)  Medulla 
B)  Hilum 
C)  Greater omentum 
D)  Hepatoduodenal ligament 
E)  Lesser omentum 
A)  Medulla 
B)  Hilum 
C)  Greater omentum 
D)  Hepatoduodenal ligament 
E)  Lesser omentum

Question 20

Figure 26.3
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label J.

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal lobe 
B)  Major calyx 
C)  Renal pelvis 
D)  Renal papilla 
E)  Minor calyx 
A)  Renal lobe 
B)  Major calyx 
C)  Renal pelvis 
D)  Renal papilla 
E)  Minor calyx

Exam 26: The Urinary System

Figure 26.6 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label H.

The kidneys, adrenal glands, and ureters, which lie against the muscles of the posterior body wall, are all ________.

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)controls the permeability of the ________.

Figure 26.8 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

Which of the following statements regarding the glomerulus is correct?

Figure 26.5 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label J.

Which is the correct order of the structures of the male urethra, from the bladder to the exterior? (1)collecting duct (2)spongy urethra (3)descending limb (4)membranous urethra (5)prostatic urethra

Figure 26.7 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

The mechanism whereby benign enlargement of the prostate affects urinary function in older men may be due to which of the following?

A typical adult kidney weighs about 150 grams and measures about ________.

The ascending limb contains active transport mechanisms that pump sodium and chloride ions out of the tubular fluid.

The secondary function of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT)to reabsorb sodium is controlled by which hormone(s)?

Figure 26.6 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label K.

Describe the composition of the filtrate that escapes from the glomerular capillaries.

Figure 26.4 Identify the specified labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

The lateral umbilical ligaments, which pass along the sides of the bladder and also reach the umbilicus, are fibrous cords that contain the vestiges of the umbilical arteries that supplied blood to the placenta during embryonic and fetal development.

Individual collecting tubules connect each nephron to which nearby structure?

The inner mucosa of each ureter is lined by ________.

Figure 26.1 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label F.

Figure 26.3 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label J.

Foundations: An Introduction to Anatomy

Foundations: The Cell

Foundations: Tissues and Early Embryology

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System: Osseous Tissue and Skeletal Structure

The Skeletal System: Axial Division

The Skeletal System: Appendicular Division

The Skeletal System: Articulations

The Muscular System: Skeletal Muscle Tissue and Muscle Organization

The Muscular System: Axial Musculature

The Muscular System: Appendicular Musculature

Surface Anatomy and Cross-Sectional Anatomy

The Nervous System: Neural Tissue

The Nervous System: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord

The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System

The Nervous System: General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: The Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

The Reproductive System

Embryology and Human Development

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