Question 1

Blood exits the nephron via ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  efferent arteriole 
B)  renal artery 
C)  afferent arteriole 
D)  various venules 
E)  lobar artery 
A)  efferent arteriole 
B)  renal artery 
C)  afferent arteriole 
D)  various venules 
E)  lobar artery

Question 2

What is the primary function of the distal convoluted tubule?

Accepted Answer

A)  providing support to the nephron 
B)  secretion 
C)  filtration 
D)  increased retention of sodium ions 
E)  production of vasopressin 
A)  providing support to the nephron 
B)  secretion 
C)  filtration 
D)  increased retention of sodium ions 
E)  production of vasopressin

Question 3

Figure 26.2
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label I.

Accepted Answer

A)  Urinary bladder 
B)  Left adrenal gland 
C)  Spleen 
D)  Liver 
E)  Left kidney 
A)  Urinary bladder 
B)  Left adrenal gland 
C)  Spleen 
D)  Liver 
E)  Left kidney

Question 4

The triangular area bounded by the urethral openings and the entrance to the urethra constitutes the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  external urethral sphincter 
B)  detrusor muscle 
C)  internal urethral sphincter 
D)  renal sinus 
E)  trigone 
A)  external urethral sphincter 
B)  detrusor muscle 
C)  internal urethral sphincter 
D)  renal sinus 
E)  trigone

Question 5

Peritubular capillaries are associated with cortical nephrons, while vasa recta are associated with juxtamedullary nephrons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Figure 26.1
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label P.

Accepted Answer

A)  Inferior vena cava 
B)  Left ureter 
C)  Aorta 
D)  Left renal vein 
E)  Left urethra 
A)  Inferior vena cava 
B)  Left ureter 
C)  Aorta 
D)  Left renal vein 
E)  Left urethra

Question 7

Figure 26.3
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal papilla 
B)  Renal medulla 
C)  Capsule 
D)  Cortex 
E)  Renal sinus 
A)  Renal papilla 
B)  Renal medulla 
C)  Capsule 
D)  Cortex 
E)  Renal sinus

Question 8

Figure 26.3
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label E.

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal lobe 
B)  Minor calyx 
C)  Hilum 
D)  Renal pelvis 
E)  Major calyx 
A)  Renal lobe 
B)  Minor calyx 
C)  Hilum 
D)  Renal pelvis 
E)  Major calyx

Question 9

Adipose tissue that surrounds the fibrous capsule is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  renal cortex 
B)  perinephric fat 
C)  renal medulla 
D)  pararenal fat body 
E)  renal pyramid 
A)  renal cortex 
B)  perinephric fat 
C)  renal medulla 
D)  pararenal fat body 
E)  renal pyramid

Question 10

Figure 26.8
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label K.

Accepted Answer

A)  Thin descending limb 
B)  Proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  Thick ascending limb 
D)  Distal convoluted tubule 
E)  Collecting duct 
A)  Thin descending limb 
B)  Proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  Thick ascending limb 
D)  Distal convoluted tubule 
E)  Collecting duct

Question 11

Collagen fibers extend outward from the inner fibrous capsule through the perinephric fat to a dense outer layer known as the renal fascia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Figure 26.3
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label N.

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal papilla 
B)  Cortex 
C)  Renal pyramid 
D)  Medulla 
E)  Minor calyx 
A)  Renal papilla 
B)  Cortex 
C)  Renal pyramid 
D)  Medulla 
E)  Minor calyx

Question 13

Figure 26.6
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label G.

Accepted Answer

A)  Collecting duct 
B)  Cortical nephron 
C)  Minor calyx 
D)  Juxtamedullary nephron 
E)  Major calyx 
A)  Collecting duct 
B)  Cortical nephron 
C)  Minor calyx 
D)  Juxtamedullary nephron 
E)  Major calyx

Question 14

Figure 26.6
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label L.

Accepted Answer

A)  Glomerulus 
B)  Cortical radiate artery 
C)  Minor calyx 
D)  Interlobar vein 
E)  Major calyx 
A)  Glomerulus 
B)  Cortical radiate artery 
C)  Minor calyx 
D)  Interlobar vein 
E)  Major calyx

Question 15

Which is the first part of the renal tubule?

Accepted Answer

A)  nephron loop 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  glomerular capsule 
D)  glomerulus 
E)  distal convoluted tubule 
A)  nephron loop 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  glomerular capsule 
D)  glomerulus 
E)  distal convoluted tubule

Question 16

Why are women more susceptible to contracting urinary tract infections (UTIs)?

Accepted Answer

Urinary tract infections result from bac

Question 17

The renal medulla consists of six to eighteen distinct conical or triangular structures, called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  collecting ducts 
B)  proximal convoluted tubules 
C)  renal pyramids 
D)  distal convoluted tubules 
E)  minor calices 
A)  collecting ducts 
B)  proximal convoluted tubules 
C)  renal pyramids 
D)  distal convoluted tubules 
E)  minor calices

Question 18

An obstruction in the glomerulus would increase the blood pressure in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  afferent arteriole 
B)  renal artery 
C)  efferent arteriole 
D)  intralobular artery 
E)  lobular vein 
A)  afferent arteriole 
B)  renal artery 
C)  efferent arteriole 
D)  intralobular artery 
E)  lobular vein

Question 19

Figure 26.8
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label O.

Accepted Answer

A)  Glomerular capsule 
B)  Renal sinus 
C)  Proximal convoluted tubule 
D)  Medullary pyramid 
E)  Hilum 
A)  Glomerular capsule 
B)  Renal sinus 
C)  Proximal convoluted tubule 
D)  Medullary pyramid 
E)  Hilum

Question 20

Which of the following drains into a minor calyx in the renal pelvis?

Accepted Answer

A)  papillary duct 
B)  collecting duct 
C)  proximal convoluted tubule 
D)  renal corpuscle 
E)  distal convoluted tubule 
A)  papillary duct 
B)  collecting duct 
C)  proximal convoluted tubule 
D)  renal corpuscle 
E)  distal convoluted tubule

Exam 26: The Urinary System

Blood exits the nephron via ________.

What is the primary function of the distal convoluted tubule?

Figure 26.2 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label I.

The triangular area bounded by the urethral openings and the entrance to the urethra constitutes the ________.

Peritubular capillaries are associated with cortical nephrons, while vasa recta are associated with juxtamedullary nephrons.

Figure 26.1 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label P.

Figure 26.3 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

Figure 26.3 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label E.

Adipose tissue that surrounds the fibrous capsule is called the ________.

Figure 26.8 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label K.

Collagen fibers extend outward from the inner fibrous capsule through the perinephric fat to a dense outer layer known as the renal fascia.

Figure 26.3 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label N.

Figure 26.6 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label G.

Figure 26.6 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label L.

Which is the first part of the renal tubule?

Why are women more susceptible to contracting urinary tract infections (UTIs)?

The renal medulla consists of six to eighteen distinct conical or triangular structures, called ________.

An obstruction in the glomerulus would increase the blood pressure in the ________.

Figure 26.8 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label O.

Which of the following drains into a minor calyx in the renal pelvis?

Foundations: An Introduction to Anatomy

Foundations: The Cell

Foundations: Tissues and Early Embryology

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System: Osseous Tissue and Skeletal Structure

The Skeletal System: Axial Division

The Skeletal System: Appendicular Division

The Skeletal System: Articulations

The Muscular System: Skeletal Muscle Tissue and Muscle Organization

The Muscular System: Axial Musculature

The Muscular System: Appendicular Musculature

Surface Anatomy and Cross-Sectional Anatomy

The Nervous System: Neural Tissue

The Nervous System: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord

The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System

The Nervous System: General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: The Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

The Reproductive System

Embryology and Human Development

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