Question 1

The urge to urinate first develops when the urinary bladder contains approximately how much urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  50 ml 
B)  100 ml 
C)  200 ml 
D)  500 ml 
E)  750 ml 
A)  50 ml 
B)  100 ml 
C)  200 ml 
D)  500 ml 
E)  750 ml

Question 2

From the nephrons, blood enters a network of venules and small veins that converge on the interlobular veins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Figure 26.6
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label J.

Accepted Answer

A)  Arcuate artery 
B)  Interlobar vein 
C)  Cortical radiate artery 
D)  Arcuate vein 
E)  Segmental artery 
A)  Arcuate artery 
B)  Interlobar vein 
C)  Cortical radiate artery 
D)  Arcuate vein 
E)  Segmental artery

Question 4

Figure 26.6
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

Accepted Answer

A)  Interlobar artery 
B)  Arcuate vein 
C)  Interlobular vein 
D)  Segmental artery 
E)  Cortical radiate artery 
A)  Interlobar artery 
B)  Arcuate vein 
C)  Interlobular vein 
D)  Segmental artery 
E)  Cortical radiate artery

Question 5

Figure 26.5
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label H.

Accepted Answer

A)  Interlobar veins 
B)  Renal veins 
C)  Arcuate arteries 
D)  Cortical radiate arteries 
E)  Arcuate veins 
A)  Interlobar veins 
B)  Renal veins 
C)  Arcuate arteries 
D)  Cortical radiate arteries 
E)  Arcuate veins

Question 6

Figure 26.8
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label H.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cortical radiate artery 
B)  Afferent arteriole 
C)  Arcuate artery 
D)  Segmental artery 
E)  Efferent arteriole 
A)  Cortical radiate artery 
B)  Afferent arteriole 
C)  Arcuate artery 
D)  Segmental artery 
E)  Efferent arteriole

Question 7

The entry point for the renal artery and the exit for the renal vein and ureter is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  renal sinus 
B)  minor calyx 
C)  collecting duct 
D)  hilum 
E)  major calyx 
A)  renal sinus 
B)  minor calyx 
C)  collecting duct 
D)  hilum 
E)  major calyx

Question 8

What is the function of the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)  active secretion of ions, acids, and other materials 
B)  selective reabsorption of potassium ions from the filtrate 
C)  active alkaline secretion 
D)  reabsorption of urine 
E)  filtration of blood 
A)  active secretion of ions, acids, and other materials 
B)  selective reabsorption of potassium ions from the filtrate 
C)  active alkaline secretion 
D)  reabsorption of urine 
E)  filtration of blood

Question 9

Which area of the nephron lacks microvilli and is under aldosterone control for the reabsorption of sodium?

Accepted Answer

A)  nephron loop 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) 
C)  distal convoluted tubule (DCT) 
D)  papillary duct 
E)  glomerulus 
A)  nephron loop 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) 
C)  distal convoluted tubule (DCT) 
D)  papillary duct 
E)  glomerulus

Question 10

The glomerular epithelium consists of large cells with secondary processes or "feet" that wrap around the glomerular capillaries. These cells are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  podocytes 
B)  mesangial cells 
C)  juxtaglomerular cells 
D)  detrusor cells 
E)  fenestrated capillary cells 
A)  podocytes 
B)  mesangial cells 
C)  juxtaglomerular cells 
D)  detrusor cells 
E)  fenestrated capillary cells

Question 11

Figure 26.5
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label C.

Accepted Answer

A)  Segmental arteries 
B)  Arcuate arteries 
C)  Arcuate veins 
D)  Interlobar arteries 
E)  Cortical radiate arteries 
A)  Segmental arteries 
B)  Arcuate arteries 
C)  Arcuate veins 
D)  Interlobar arteries 
E)  Cortical radiate arteries

Question 12

Which of the following are the blood vessels at the boundary of the renal cortex and renal medulla?

Accepted Answer

A)  interlobar artery and vein 
B)  cortical radiate artery and vein 
C)  glomerular artery and vein 
D)  segmental artery and vein 
E)  arcuate artery and vein 
A)  interlobar artery and vein 
B)  cortical radiate artery and vein 
C)  glomerular artery and vein 
D)  segmental artery and vein 
E)  arcuate artery and vein

Question 13

The external urethral sphincter of the urinary bladder is under the voluntary control of the perineal branch of which nerve?

Accepted Answer

A)  iliohypogastric nerve 
B)  pudendal nerve 
C)  ilioinguinal nerve 
D)  testicular or ovarian nerve 
E)  urethral nerve 
A)  iliohypogastric nerve 
B)  pudendal nerve 
C)  ilioinguinal nerve 
D)  testicular or ovarian nerve 
E)  urethral nerve

Question 14

Figure 26.2
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label D.

Accepted Answer

A)  Inferior mesenteric artery 
B)  Left renal vein 
C)  Left renal artery 
D)  Left adrenal artery 
E)  Superior mesenteric artery 
A)  Inferior mesenteric artery 
B)  Left renal vein 
C)  Left renal artery 
D)  Left adrenal artery 
E)  Superior mesenteric artery

Question 15

Which is/are the known function(s)of the sympathetic innervation of the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulation of digestive function 
B)  regulates glomerular blood flow and filtration rates 
C)  inhibition of water reabsorption 
D)  inhibition of sodium ion reabsorption 
E)  stimulation of oxytocin 
A)  stimulation of digestive function 
B)  regulates glomerular blood flow and filtration rates 
C)  inhibition of water reabsorption 
D)  inhibition of sodium ion reabsorption 
E)  stimulation of oxytocin

Question 16

Which muscle is responsible for stopping the micturition reflex and allowing a person to stop voiding?

Accepted Answer

A)  internal urethral sphincter 
B)  detrusor muscle 
C)  external urethral sphincter 
D)  pectineus muscle 
E)  internal obturator muscle 
A)  internal urethral sphincter 
B)  detrusor muscle 
C)  external urethral sphincter 
D)  pectineus muscle 
E)  internal obturator muscle

Question 17

Figure 26.7
   
Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label F.

Accepted Answer

A)  Efferent arteriole 
B)  Afferent arteriole 
C)  Thick ascending limb 
D)  Glomerulus 
E)  Thin descending limb 
A)  Efferent arteriole 
B)  Afferent arteriole 
C)  Thick ascending limb 
D)  Glomerulus 
E)  Thin descending limb

Question 18

Which structure separates the parietal and visceral epithelia of the glomerular capsule?

Accepted Answer

A)  renal column 
B)  vascular pole 
C)  lobar space 
D)  capsular space 
E)  renal papilla 
A)  renal column 
B)  vascular pole 
C)  lobar space 
D)  capsular space 
E)  renal papilla

Question 19

The juxtaglomerular complex adjusts glomerular filtration rates by secretion of which hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  vasopressin and erythropoietin 
B)  oxytocin and vasopressin 
C)  renin and erythropoietin 
D)  gastrin and insulin 
E)  glucagon and renin 
A)  vasopressin and erythropoietin 
B)  oxytocin and vasopressin 
C)  renin and erythropoietin 
D)  gastrin and insulin 
E)  glucagon and renin

Question 20

Which of the following are cells found between the endothelial cells of adjacent capillaries that play a role in regulating glomerular blood flow and filtration?

Accepted Answer

A)  filtration slits 
B)  mesangial cells 
C)  podocytes 
D)  fenestrated cells 
E)  pyramidal cells 
A)  filtration slits 
B)  mesangial cells 
C)  podocytes 
D)  fenestrated cells 
E)  pyramidal cells

Exam 26: The Urinary System

The urge to urinate first develops when the urinary bladder contains approximately how much urine?

From the nephrons, blood enters a network of venules and small veins that converge on the interlobular veins.

Figure 26.6 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label J.

Figure 26.6 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

Figure 26.5 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label H.

Figure 26.8 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label H.

The entry point for the renal artery and the exit for the renal vein and ureter is the ________.

What is the function of the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron?

Which area of the nephron lacks microvilli and is under aldosterone control for the reabsorption of sodium?

The glomerular epithelium consists of large cells with secondary processes or "feet" that wrap around the glomerular capillaries. These cells are called ________.

Figure 26.5 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label C.

Which of the following are the blood vessels at the boundary of the renal cortex and renal medulla?

The external urethral sphincter of the urinary bladder is under the voluntary control of the perineal branch of which nerve?

Figure 26.2 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label D.

Which is/are the known function(s)of the sympathetic innervation of the kidneys?

Which muscle is responsible for stopping the micturition reflex and allowing a person to stop voiding?

Figure 26.7 Identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label F.

Which structure separates the parietal and visceral epithelia of the glomerular capsule?

The juxtaglomerular complex adjusts glomerular filtration rates by secretion of which hormones?

Which of the following are cells found between the endothelial cells of adjacent capillaries that play a role in regulating glomerular blood flow and filtration?

Foundations: An Introduction to Anatomy

Foundations: The Cell

Foundations: Tissues and Early Embryology

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System: Osseous Tissue and Skeletal Structure

The Skeletal System: Axial Division

The Skeletal System: Appendicular Division

The Skeletal System: Articulations

The Muscular System: Skeletal Muscle Tissue and Muscle Organization

The Muscular System: Axial Musculature

The Muscular System: Appendicular Musculature

Surface Anatomy and Cross-Sectional Anatomy

The Nervous System: Neural Tissue

The Nervous System: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord

The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System

The Nervous System: General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: The Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

The Reproductive System

Embryology and Human Development

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