Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning

The existence of biological constraints on learning such as preparedness and conditioned taste aversions reflects the unifying theme in psychology that

Continuing to pair a specific CS and US, but periodically presenting stimuli similar to the CS and not pairing them with the US, should result in

What are stimulus generalisation and stimulus discrimination? Why are they important?

Your spouse withdraws attention from you each time you begin criticising her cooking.Eventually, you stop criticising your spouse's cooking.The withdrawal of attention can be categorised as

You are watching a rat pressing a lever in a Skinner box to obtain food pellets.The rat is pressing the lever at a slow, steady rate, but it does not stop, even when a food pellet is delivered.In this example, the reinforcement schedule that is in place is MOST likely

In classical conditioning, an unconditioned stimulus is

Carson used to enjoy lime sherbet, and when he was in Mexico he tried frozen lime margaritas.After his fourth margarita Carson became extremely ill.Now he finds that even the sight of lime sherbet in a bowl can make him feel queasy.In this example, the unconditioned stimulus is

While Pavlov and Skinner viewed conditioning as a purely ____ process, today learning psychologists view conditioning as also containing a ____ component.

Sally developed a fear of balconies after almost falling from a balcony on a couple of occasions.What was the conditioned response?

When Kristen asks her grandmother for a cookie, her grandmother usually gives her one.Last week at the park, Kristen's mother was embarrassed when Kristen walked up to five different elderly ladies and asked them for cookies.Kristen's behaviour illustrates the concept of

In Pavlov's principle experiment, the unconditioned stimulus was the

A type of learning in which a stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus is known as

When Louis was a child, he really liked the smell of the rose-scented perfume his mother used to wear.He came to associate that scent with snuggles and hugs from his mom.As an adult, Louis likes any floral scent, including the smell of lilacs and wildflowers.This example illustrates the classical conditioning process of

Frederick cringes every time he hears a dentist's drill, even when he is sitting in the waiting room of his dentist's office.In this example, the pain of dental drilling is

Sally developed a nasty stomach flu a few hours after she ate sushi for the first time; now every time Sally sees sushi she feels sick to her stomach.Sally is demonstrating a(n) ____________________.

Social critics have expressed concern about the amount of violence on television since TV became popular and the majority of research into the impact of media violence on behaviour has focused on the role of ____________________ learning.

A small enclosure used by psychologists to study learning in which an animal can make a specific response that is recorded while the consequences are systematically controlled is known as a

When Stanley was first training his dog, Smooches, to heel he would give Smooches a treat when she stayed close during walks.Now Smooches stays right by Stanley's side, even when she is not on her leash.In this case,

A schedule of reinforcement is

A salesperson earns a commission for each item of clothing she sells.Commission on the clothing sales is an example of which type of reinforcement schedule?