Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning

____________________ reinforcement occurs when a response is strengthened because it is followed by the presentation of a desirable stimulus; while ____________________ reinforcement occurs when a response is strengthened as the result of the removal of an unpleasant stimulus.

On Thursday morning, Charles prepared his typical breakfast of cornflakes with milk and a cup of coffee.However, instead of having grapefruit with his breakfast, he tried eating guava for the first time.At lunchtime he ate his typical lunch of tuna salad and potato chips.However, instead of having a Coke to drink with his lunch, he drank a new fruit flavored soft drink for the first time.During the mid-afternoon he became extremely ill.If his illness causes him to develop a conditioned response to something, which stimulus is likely to be the conditioned stimulus?

If a baseball player who has been in a batting slump for several weeks alters his batting stance and wears a new batting glove one day and gets three hits, the cognitive explanation of conditioning suggests that for the next game, the baseball player will continue to

According to Skinner, a stimulus is a reinforcer if it

People often incorrectly confuse punishment with ____________________.

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

Many parenting books, dog training manuals, and business management approaches all advocate the use of operant conditioning techniques to encourage desirable behaviour in children, pets, and employees.The widespread knowledge of, and application of conditioning techniques, reflects the unifying theme in psychology that

At preschool, Jessie has learned that she must wash her hands before snack-time in order to get a snack.At home, however, her parents do not check to make sure she washes her hands.When she is home, Jessei does not wash her hands before eating.Jessie's behaviour illustrates the process of

Imagine a husband and wife asking Bandura for advice on how they should teach their young child to say "please" and "thank you".Which of the following would Bandura be MOST likely to suggest?

Belinda was very close to her father; she claims that he always made her feel safe.Belinda's father always wore "Stetson" cologne.Today every time she smells the scent of "Stetson" cologne she develops a pleasant feeling of warmth and comfort.The learning process that could best account for Belinda's pleasant feelings is

When you approach a traffic light and see a red light, you stop.On the other hand, when you approach that same light and see a green light, you continue driving.This example illustrates

Kylie used to bring drawings home from her kindergarten class every day.Her parents would put the pictures on the refrigerator and tell Kylie how nice the pictures were.Lately, her parents haven't been putting her artwork on the refrigerator, and now Kylie has stopped bringing drawings home with her.This example illustrates the operant conditioning process of

A woman reported feeling "weak in the knees" whenever she smelled cigarette smoke and Beemans gum because of the association of these smells with her first love.In this example, her "weak knees" would be

After watching his father wash the car, five-year-old Bob washes his bike.This is an example of

Assuming you have eaten sour pickles before, imagine eating a large, juicy sour pickle.If just thinking about the pickles causes your mouth to water, your salivation would be

Pavlov found that meat powder placed on a dog's tongue will make the dog salivate.In Pavlov's terms, the meat powder is