Exam 4: Individual Values, Perceptions and Reactions

__________ commitment is defined as positive emotional attachment to the organisation and strong identification with its values and goals.

Sheldon and Malik are equally competent scientists who work in the same lab.Match each description with the psychological phenomenon it most clearly illustrates. a.Neo, their lab manager, considers Sheldon the better scientist.When Sheldon makes a mistake, Neo dismisses it as a fluke.When Malik makes a mistake, she thinks, 'Typical!' b.When Sheldon completes a successful experiment, Malik thinks it's because Sheldon is a great scientist.When one of his own experiments goes well, Malik figures he just got lucky. c.On the day he met Neo, Malik had a bicycling accident on his way to work and arrived reeling and distracted, his mind still on his near-death experience, Malik was curt during their introductions, causing Neo to forever consider him rude, despite his having been friendly to her ever since. d.Sheldon is more eloquent and more adept at conversational niceties than Malik is.For this reason, Neo considers Sheldon the better scientist. -first impression bias

Match each scenario with the type of organisational commitment it most clearly illustrates. a.Tshokolo hates his job, but he has a serious medical condition and can't afford to lose his health insurance, so he stays on. b.Nyalleng not only loves her job but also everything her organisation stands for.She'd keep working there even if she weren't getting paid. c.Banele's organisation just paid to spring his sister out of prison, so even though he doesn't like his job as a full-time copy editor and would like to take his chances on the freelance market, he feels like it'd be kind of a jerk move to quit now. -continuance

Perceptions are __________ to change once they are formed.

A poorly designed office that doesn't allow a worker adequate privacy is an example of a(n) ____ organisational stressor.

Once we categorise someone as a high performer, we focus more on (and better remember) information related to his or her __________ and disregard more of the information reflecting his or her __________.

The exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome occurs as a result of prolonged exposure to a stressor without resolution.

Medical, psychological and behavioural responses to stress are primarily

Which of the following terms refers to drawing a general impression about something or someone based on a single (typically good) characteristic?

__________ is a general tendency of an individual to experience a particular mood or to react to things in a particular way or with certain emotions.

Smoking and alcohol abuse are __________ consequences of too much stress at work.

An example of an intrinsic work value is

__________ commitment is defined as feeling obliged to stay with an organisation for moral or ethical reasons.

Two basic organisational strategies for helping employees manage stress are institutional programmes and individual coping mechanisms.

When a person believes that he or she will get over a stressful event, that person has entered the __________ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

Interpersonal value conflict occurs when

Which of the following is NOT one of the factors that have the greatest influence on job satisfaction?

Which of the following terms refers to evaluating a person's characteristics through comparisons with other people we have recently encountered who rank higher or lower on the same characteristics?

Explain the basic process involved in the general adaptation syndrome.

__________ is the process of screening out information that we are uncomfortable with or that contradicts our beliefs.