Question 1

One key reason that people engage in self-defeating behaviors is because ____.

Accepted Answer

A) of the "death drive" 
B) of a "fear of success" 
C) they have faulty knowledge 
D) of self-enhancement motivation 
A) of the "death drive" 
B) of a "fear of success" 
C) they have faulty knowledge 
D) of self-enhancement motivation C

Question 2

The "E" in the acronym TOTE stands for Evaluate

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Which term refers to the tendency to take whatever course of action that does not require you to do anything (also called the default option)?

Accepted Answer

A) The omission bias 
B) The status quo bias 
C) The certainty effect 
D) Risk aversion 
A) The omission bias 
B) The status quo bias 
C) The certainty effect 
D) Risk aversion A

Question 4

Rosa is in the process of buying a television at an electronics store. She is overwhelmed by the number of options and is finding it difficult to pick one. While making her decision, what is Rosa's MOST likely first step?

Accepted Answer

A) Choosing a television immediately and rationalizing her decision 
B) Discarding most of the available options so that she is left with just a select few 
C) Carefully analyzing each option that is available in the store 
D) Asking the sales person to choose a television for her 
A) Choosing a television immediately and rationalizing her decision 
B) Discarding most of the available options so that she is left with just a select few 
C) Carefully analyzing each option that is available in the store 
D) Asking the sales person to choose a television for her

Question 5

Self-determination theory suggests that people who are motivated by intrinsic factors have greater confidence than those who are motivated by extrinsic factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

When experimental manipulations induced people to reject their belief in free will, they tend to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) behave in a prosocial manner 
B) become more cooperative and helpful 
C) behave as if they are mentally ill 
D) be more willing to cheat on a test and steal money 
A) behave in a prosocial manner 
B) become more cooperative and helpful 
C) behave as if they are mentally ill 
D) be more willing to cheat on a test and steal money

Question 7

Researchers gave people free popcorn at the movies. Some people got fresh popcorn and others got stale popcorn. People rated the fresh popcorn as more pleasant than the stale popcorn ____.

Accepted Answer

A) only if they were in the habit of eating popcorn at the movies 
B) only if they were not in the habit of eating popcorn at the movies 
C) whether or not they were in the habit of eating popcorn at the movies 
D) only if they were not offered popcorn 
A) only if they were in the habit of eating popcorn at the movies 
B) only if they were not in the habit of eating popcorn at the movies 
C) whether or not they were in the habit of eating popcorn at the movies 
D) only if they were not offered popcorn

Question 8

Four-year-old Astrid does not like to get dressed early in the morning to go to day care. So rather than simply telling her to put on the clothes he laid out the night before, her father has begun to lay out several outfits. In the morning, he asks her which outfit she wants to wear for the day. Astrid's father is making use of the idea of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the status quo bias 
B) the omission bias 
C) reactance 
D) dissonance 
A) the status quo bias 
B) the omission bias 
C) reactance 
D) dissonance

Question 9

Habits first occur within the automatic system and are then transferred to the deliberate system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

MOST research focuses on the ____ step of decision making, which involves ____.

Accepted Answer

A) first; whittling a full range of choices down to a limited few 
B) first; carefully considering a few major options 
C) second; whittling a full range of choices down to a limited few 
D) second; carefully considering a few major options 
A) first; whittling a full range of choices down to a limited few 
B) first; carefully considering a few major options 
C) second; whittling a full range of choices down to a limited few 
D) second; carefully considering a few major options

Question 11

Unfinished goals that keep popping into a person's mind can be explained by the ________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Unfinished goals that keep popping into a...

Question 12

Research suggests that belief in free will is detrimental to society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

When is the best time for people to try to quit a habit like smoking?

Accepted Answer

A) When their job is most stressful 
B) When they are traveling on vacation 
C) When they are going about their daily routine 
D) When their marriage is breaking up 
A) When their job is most stressful 
B) When they are traveling on vacation 
C) When they are going about their daily routine 
D) When their marriage is breaking up

Question 14

Only the deliberate system helps in the pursuit of goals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Who is MOST likely to experience effective goal shielding?

Accepted Answer

A) Marlena, who is not very committed to her current goal 
B) Justin, who is very committed to his current goal 
C) Leann, who is somewhat committed to her current goal 
D) Fabio, who is avoiding the decision of committing to his current goal 
A) Marlena, who is not very committed to her current goal 
B) Justin, who is very committed to his current goal 
C) Leann, who is somewhat committed to her current goal 
D) Fabio, who is avoiding the decision of committing to his current goal

Question 16

Nikos has the opportunity to start his own business doing what he loves. However, in order to do this, he would have to liquidate all of his resources. He would even have to sell his home and use all his savings. He finally decides that he has too much to lose and sticks with his current job, which is less fulfilling but offers a guaranteed fixed income. Nikos is making his decision based on ____.

Accepted Answer

A) temporal discounting 
B) error management theory 
C) learned helplessness 
D) risk aversion 
A) temporal discounting 
B) error management theory 
C) learned helplessness 
D) risk aversion

Question 17

How do faulty knowledge and ineffective strategies lead to self-defeating behavior? Explain with an example.

Accepted Answer

A pathway to self-defeating behavior inv

Question 18

The planning fallacy is probably a result of the fact that people adopt a(n)____.

Accepted Answer

A) optimistic mindset when setting goals but a realistic mindset when striving toward goals 
B) pessimistic mindset when setting goals 
C) optimistic mindset when setting goals 
D) optimistic mindset when striving toward goals 
A) optimistic mindset when setting goals but a realistic mindset when striving toward goals 
B) pessimistic mindset when setting goals 
C) optimistic mindset when setting goals 
D) optimistic mindset when striving toward goals

Question 19

Research on habits shows that if you want to break a habit, it helps to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) stay in your routine to keep your arousal level lower 
B) change your routine to raise your arousal level 
C) stay in your routine to maintain social support cues 
D) change your routine to remove yourself from those situations that trigger the habit 
A) stay in your routine to keep your arousal level lower 
B) change your routine to raise your arousal level 
C) stay in your routine to maintain social support cues 
D) change your routine to remove yourself from those situations that trigger the habit

Question 20

William James, the father of American psychology, once wrote the following: "Thinking is for doing." What did he mean by this?

Accepted Answer

A) The human brain probably developed its current cognitive abilities in large part to enable effective decision making and to facilitate behavior. 
B) People typically engage in conscious thought only when engaged in a task (e.g., only when solving a puzzle, trying to construct an argument, or making a decision about something). 
C) Every behavior that a person engages in implies a particular thought or set of thoughts; researchers can therefore infer thoughts from behaviors. 
D) Because the primary role of thoughts is simply to plan behaviors, the proper focus of study for psychologists is behaviors themselves (and not thoughts). 
A) The human brain probably developed its current cognitive abilities in large part to enable effective decision making and to facilitate behavior. 
B) People typically engage in conscious thought only when engaged in a task (e.g., only when solving a puzzle, trying to construct an argument, or making a decision about something). 
C) Every behavior that a person engages in implies a particular thought or set of thoughts; researchers can therefore infer thoughts from behaviors. 
D) Because the primary role of thoughts is simply to plan behaviors, the proper focus of study for psychologists is behaviors themselves (and not thoughts).

One key reason that people engage in self-defeating behaviors is because ____.

The "E" in the acronym TOTE stands for Evaluate

Which term refers to the tendency to take whatever course of action that does not require you to do anything (also called the default option)?

Rosa is in the process of buying a television at an electronics store. She is overwhelmed by the number of options and is finding it difficult to pick one. While making her decision, what is Rosa's MOST likely first step?

Self-determination theory suggests that people who are motivated by intrinsic factors have greater confidence than those who are motivated by extrinsic factors.

When experimental manipulations induced people to reject their belief in free will, they tend to ____.

Researchers gave people free popcorn at the movies. Some people got fresh popcorn and others got stale popcorn. People rated the fresh popcorn as more pleasant than the stale popcorn ____.

Habits first occur within the automatic system and are then transferred to the deliberate system.

MOST research focuses on the step of decision making, which involves .

Unfinished goals that keep popping into a person's mind can be explained by the ________________.

Research suggests that belief in free will is detrimental to society.

When is the best time for people to try to quit a habit like smoking?

Only the deliberate system helps in the pursuit of goals.

Who is MOST likely to experience effective goal shielding?

How do faulty knowledge and ineffective strategies lead to self-defeating behavior? Explain with an example.

The planning fallacy is probably a result of the fact that people adopt a(n)____.

Research on habits shows that if you want to break a habit, it helps to ____.

William James, the father of American psychology, once wrote the following: "Thinking is for doing." What did he mean by this?

The Mission and the Method

Culture and Nature

The-Self

Social Cognition

Emotion and Affect

Attitudes, Beliefs, and Consistency

Social Influence and Persuasion

Prosocial Behavior: Doing Whats Best for Others

Aggression Antisocial Behavior

Interpersonal Attraction and Rejection

Close Relationships: Passion, Intimacy, and Sexuality

Prejudice and Intergroup Relations

Groups

Application Module A: Applying Social Psychology to Consumer Behavior

Application Module B: Applying Social Psychology to Health

Application Module C: Industrial and Organizational Psychology

Application Module D: Applying Social Psychology to Law

Application Module E: Applying Social Psychology to the Environ

Filters

Exam 4: Choices and Actions: The Self in Control

One key reason that people engage in self-defeating behaviors is because ____.

The "E" in the acronym TOTE stands for Evaluate

Which term refers to the tendency to take whatever course of action that does not require you to do anything (also called the default option)?

Rosa is in the process of buying a television at an electronics store. She is overwhelmed by the number of options and is finding it difficult to pick one. While making her decision, what is Rosa's MOST likely first step?

Self-determination theory suggests that people who are motivated by intrinsic factors have greater confidence than those who are motivated by extrinsic factors.

When experimental manipulations induced people to reject their belief in free will, they tend to ____.

Researchers gave people free popcorn at the movies. Some people got fresh popcorn and others got stale popcorn. People rated the fresh popcorn as more pleasant than the stale popcorn ____.

Habits first occur within the automatic system and are then transferred to the deliberate system.

MOST research focuses on the ____ step of decision making, which involves ____.

Unfinished goals that keep popping into a person's mind can be explained by the ________________.

Research suggests that belief in free will is detrimental to society.

When is the best time for people to try to quit a habit like smoking?

Only the deliberate system helps in the pursuit of goals.

Who is MOST likely to experience effective goal shielding?

How do faulty knowledge and ineffective strategies lead to self-defeating behavior? Explain with an example.

The planning fallacy is probably a result of the fact that people adopt a(n)____.

Research on habits shows that if you want to break a habit, it helps to ____.

William James, the father of American psychology, once wrote the following: "Thinking is for doing." What did he mean by this?

The Mission and the Method

Culture and Nature

The-Self

Social Cognition

Emotion and Affect

Attitudes, Beliefs, and Consistency

Social Influence and Persuasion

Prosocial Behavior: Doing Whats Best for Others

Aggression Antisocial Behavior

Interpersonal Attraction and Rejection

Close Relationships: Passion, Intimacy, and Sexuality

Prejudice and Intergroup Relations

Groups

Application Module A: Applying Social Psychology to Consumer Behavior

Application Module B: Applying Social Psychology to Health

Application Module C: Industrial and Organizational Psychology

Application Module D: Applying Social Psychology to Law

Application Module E: Applying Social Psychology to the Environ

Filters

MOST research focuses on the step of decision making, which involves .