Question 1

In terms of your willingness to offer help to others, which of the following can be hindered by audience inhibition?

Accepted Answer

A) Deciding whether or not to help 
B) Interpreting an event as an emergency 
C) Seeing yourself as responsible for helping 
D) Noticing an event 
A) Deciding whether or not to help 
B) Interpreting an event as an emergency 
C) Seeing yourself as responsible for helping 
D) Noticing an event A

Question 2

Both pluralistic ignorance and diffusion of responsibility contribute to ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) the bystander effect 
B) the tendency for people to fail to notice that situations are emergencies ​ 
C) the commons dilemma ​ 
D) belief in a just world ​ 
A) the bystander effect 
B) the tendency for people to fail to notice that situations are emergencies ​ 
C) the commons dilemma ​ 
D) belief in a just world ​ A

Question 3

"The reciprocity norm is so powerful that it even applies to situations in which you do not ask for the favor." Explain this statement with an example.

Accepted Answer

The reciprocity norm is so powerful that it even applies to situations in which you do not ask for the favor. Phil Kunz, a sociology professor at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah, sent 578 Christmas cards to a sample of complete strangers living in Chicago, Illinois. When somebody sends you a card, you feel obligated to send one back. Does this apply even to complete strangers? Apparently so, because Dr. Kunz received a total of 117 cards from people who had no idea who he was. He also received several unexpected long-distance telephone calls from people who had received one of his Christmas cards. Although most of the cards just contained signatures, a significant number of them contained handwritten notes, long letters, and pictures of family and pets. Only 6 of the 117 people who sent Kunz cards said they could not remember him.

Question 4

Richard is having a seizure at the back of a classroom. His classmates look around at each other, unsure of how to react. As they watch each other doing nothing, they shrug and go about packing up for the next class, assuming that nothing must be wrong because no one reacted as if it were an emergency. Their reactions illustrate diffusion of responsibility.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Political scientist Robert Axelrod once held a computer tournament designed to determine the most successful strategy (the strategy that would win most often for the longest period of time)used in the prisoner's dilemma situation. That strategy was dubbed ____.

Accepted Answer

A) always-play-nice 
B) tit-for-tat 
C) low-ball 
D) survival-of-the-stealthiest 
A) always-play-nice 
B) tit-for-tat 
C) low-ball 
D) survival-of-the-stealthiest

Question 6

In his classic study on obedience to authority, Milgram found that roughly ____ of participants eventually administered the highest levels of shocks. Interestingly, a group of psychiatrists surveyed prior to the study estimated that ____ would do so.

Accepted Answer

A) 35%; less than 1% 
B) 35%; more than 75% 
C) 65%; less than 1% 
D) 65%; more than 75% 
A) 35%; less than 1% 
B) 35%; more than 75% 
C) 65%; less than 1% 
D) 65%; more than 75%

Question 7

When confronted with moral dilemmas, most people rely on moral ____.

Accepted Answer

A) principles 
B) logic 
C) reasoning 
D) intuitions 
A) principles 
B) logic 
C) reasoning 
D) intuitions

Question 8

In general, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Identical twins help one another more than fraternal twins do. 
B) Fraternal twins help one another more than identical twins do. 
C) Siblings help one another more than cousins do. 
D) Cousins help one another more than (unrelated)friends do. 
A) Identical twins help one another more than fraternal twins do. 
B) Fraternal twins help one another more than identical twins do. 
C) Siblings help one another more than cousins do. 
D) Cousins help one another more than (unrelated)friends do.

Question 9

Suppose that you are in a shipwreck and numerous people around you are drowning. No one present knows how to swim except for you. According to evolutionary theory, if you had time to save only one person, which of the following people would you save?

Accepted Answer

A) The city mayor 
B) Your cousin 
C) Your baby 
D) Your aunt 
A) The city mayor 
B) Your cousin 
C) Your baby 
D) Your aunt

Question 10

A positive emotion that results from the perception that one has benefited from the costly, intentional, voluntary action of another is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A) gratitude 
B) joy 
C) well-being 
D) reciprocity 
A) gratitude 
B) joy 
C) well-being 
D) reciprocity

Question 11

Research on forgiveness in romantic relationships indicates that ____.

Accepted Answer

A) forgiveness is not strongly related to relationship satisfaction 
B) forgiveness is related to relationship satisfaction differently for men than it is for women 
C) people who are relatively forgiving of their partners' transgressions have relatively high relationship satisfaction (regardless of gender) 
D) people who are relatively unforgiving of their partners' transgressions have relatively high relationship satisfaction (regardless of gender) 
A) forgiveness is not strongly related to relationship satisfaction 
B) forgiveness is related to relationship satisfaction differently for men than it is for women 
C) people who are relatively forgiving of their partners' transgressions have relatively high relationship satisfaction (regardless of gender) 
D) people who are relatively unforgiving of their partners' transgressions have relatively high relationship satisfaction (regardless of gender)

Question 12

Suppose that you are walking alone to work, and you notice a man crawling on the ground alongside a building, holding a gun. He is clearly up to no good. In which of the following cases would you be MOST likely to do something about it (such as call 911)?

Accepted Answer

A) When no one else is around and you are in a rush 
B) When no one else is around and you are NOT in a rush 
C) When a lot of other people are around and you are in a rush 
D) When a lot of other people are around and you are NOT in a rush 
A) When no one else is around and you are in a rush 
B) When no one else is around and you are NOT in a rush 
C) When a lot of other people are around and you are in a rush 
D) When a lot of other people are around and you are NOT in a rush

Question 13

If a bus full of mixed-sex attractive people crashed into a bus full of mixed-sex unattractive people, would the group of attractive people be more likely to receive top-notch help?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes-regardless of the circumstances 
B) Only if the helpers are mostly male 
C) Only if the crash is major (a real emergency) 
D) Only if the crash is minor (a nonemergency) 
A) Yes-regardless of the circumstances 
B) Only if the helpers are mostly male 
C) Only if the crash is major (a real emergency) 
D) Only if the crash is minor (a nonemergency)

Question 14

Which dyad is MOST likely to experience mutual cooperation in a prisoner's dilemma game?

Accepted Answer

A) Shara and Carl, who cannot see or hear each other as they play the game 
B) Phil and Joann, who can see but not hear each other as they play the game 
C) Brian and Roberta, who can hear but not see each other as they play the game 
D) Russ and Clare, who can see and hear each other as they play the game 
A) Shara and Carl, who cannot see or hear each other as they play the game 
B) Phil and Joann, who can see but not hear each other as they play the game 
C) Brian and Roberta, who can hear but not see each other as they play the game 
D) Russ and Clare, who can see and hear each other as they play the game

Question 15

____ can be defined as ceasing to feel angry toward, and ceasing to seek retribution against, someone who has wronged you. ​

Accepted Answer

A) Empathy-altruism 
B) Negative state relief ​ 
C) Forgiveness ​ 
D) Shame ​ 
A) Empathy-altruism 
B) Negative state relief ​ 
C) Forgiveness ​ 
D) Shame ​

Question 16

Prosocial behavior is defined as ____.

Accepted Answer

A) any behavior that hinders the development of society 
B) any behavior that is good for other people or for society as a whole 
C) conformity 
D) behavior that does not benefit oneself 
A) any behavior that hinders the development of society 
B) any behavior that is good for other people or for society as a whole 
C) conformity 
D) behavior that does not benefit oneself

Question 17

One way that evolution favors and supports helping is when ____.

Accepted Answer

A) children help their parents 
B) parents help their children 
C) brothers and sisters help one another 
D) husbands and wives help one another 
A) children help their parents 
B) parents help their children 
C) brothers and sisters help one another 
D) husbands and wives help one another

Question 18

Given the research on gender and helping, in which of the following situations would women be MOST  likely to help?

Accepted Answer

A) Calling an ambulance after witnessing a dog attack on a group of young boys 
B) Helping a child who is trapped in an elevator 
C) Helping to plan a family vacation 
D) Giving spare change to a homeless person 
A) Calling an ambulance after witnessing a dog attack on a group of young boys 
B) Helping a child who is trapped in an elevator 
C) Helping to plan a family vacation 
D) Giving spare change to a homeless person

Question 19

Suppose that Paul and Oscar are buying frozen yogurt. Both of them are inclined to order the same flavor-pistachio-but they feel unadventurous about ordering the same flavor. If Oscar goes ahead and orders the pistachio for himself, then it is likely that Paul will ____.

Accepted Answer

A) order the pistachio as well and be happier with it than he would have been with any other flavor 
B) order the pistachio as well but be less happy with it than he would have been with any other flavor 
C) order another flavor instead and be happier with it than he would have been with the pistachio 
D) order another flavor instead but be less happy with it than he would have been with the pistachio 
A) order the pistachio as well and be happier with it than he would have been with any other flavor 
B) order the pistachio as well but be less happy with it than he would have been with any other flavor 
C) order another flavor instead and be happier with it than he would have been with the pistachio 
D) order another flavor instead but be less happy with it than he would have been with the pistachio

Question 20

Do immoral actions lead to unhappiness? What does research suggest on this matter?

Accepted Answer

One might assume that performing immoral

In terms of your willingness to offer help to others, which of the following can be hindered by audience inhibition?

Both pluralistic ignorance and diffusion of responsibility contribute to ____.

"The reciprocity norm is so powerful that it even applies to situations in which you do not ask for the favor." Explain this statement with an example.

Political scientist Robert Axelrod once held a computer tournament designed to determine the most successful strategy (the strategy that would win most often for the longest period of time)used in the prisoner's dilemma situation. That strategy was dubbed ____.

In his classic study on obedience to authority, Milgram found that roughly of participants eventually administered the highest levels of shocks. Interestingly, a group of psychiatrists surveyed prior to the study estimated that would do so.

When confronted with moral dilemmas, most people rely on moral ____.

In general, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Suppose that you are in a shipwreck and numerous people around you are drowning. No one present knows how to swim except for you. According to evolutionary theory, if you had time to save only one person, which of the following people would you save?

A positive emotion that results from the perception that one has benefited from the costly, intentional, voluntary action of another is known as ____.

Research on forgiveness in romantic relationships indicates that ____.

Suppose that you are walking alone to work, and you notice a man crawling on the ground alongside a building, holding a gun. He is clearly up to no good. In which of the following cases would you be MOST likely to do something about it (such as call 911)?

If a bus full of mixed-sex attractive people crashed into a bus full of mixed-sex unattractive people, would the group of attractive people be more likely to receive top-notch help?

Which dyad is MOST likely to experience mutual cooperation in a prisoner's dilemma game?

____ can be defined as ceasing to feel angry toward, and ceasing to seek retribution against, someone who has wronged you.

Prosocial behavior is defined as ____.

One way that evolution favors and supports helping is when ____.

Given the research on gender and helping, in which of the following situations would women be MOST likely to help?

Suppose that Paul and Oscar are buying frozen yogurt. Both of them are inclined to order the same flavor-pistachio-but they feel unadventurous about ordering the same flavor. If Oscar goes ahead and orders the pistachio for himself, then it is likely that Paul will ____.

Do immoral actions lead to unhappiness? What does research suggest on this matter?

The Mission and the Method

Culture and Nature

The-Self

Choices and Actions: The Self in Control

Social Cognition

Emotion and Affect

Attitudes, Beliefs, and Consistency

Social Influence and Persuasion

Aggression Antisocial Behavior

Interpersonal Attraction and Rejection

Close Relationships: Passion, Intimacy, and Sexuality

Prejudice and Intergroup Relations

Groups

Application Module A: Applying Social Psychology to Consumer Behavior

Application Module B: Applying Social Psychology to Health

Application Module C: Industrial and Organizational Psychology

Application Module D: Applying Social Psychology to Law

Application Module E: Applying Social Psychology to the Environ

Filters

Exam 9: Prosocial Behavior: Doing Whats Best for Others

In terms of your willingness to offer help to others, which of the following can be hindered by audience inhibition?

Both pluralistic ignorance and diffusion of responsibility contribute to ____. ​

"The reciprocity norm is so powerful that it even applies to situations in which you do not ask for the favor." Explain this statement with an example.

Political scientist Robert Axelrod once held a computer tournament designed to determine the most successful strategy (the strategy that would win most often for the longest period of time)used in the prisoner's dilemma situation. That strategy was dubbed ____.

In his classic study on obedience to authority, Milgram found that roughly ____ of participants eventually administered the highest levels of shocks. Interestingly, a group of psychiatrists surveyed prior to the study estimated that ____ would do so.

When confronted with moral dilemmas, most people rely on moral ____.

In general, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Suppose that you are in a shipwreck and numerous people around you are drowning. No one present knows how to swim except for you. According to evolutionary theory, if you had time to save only one person, which of the following people would you save?

A positive emotion that results from the perception that one has benefited from the costly, intentional, voluntary action of another is known as ____.

Research on forgiveness in romantic relationships indicates that ____.

Suppose that you are walking alone to work, and you notice a man crawling on the ground alongside a building, holding a gun. He is clearly up to no good. In which of the following cases would you be MOST likely to do something about it (such as call 911)?

If a bus full of mixed-sex attractive people crashed into a bus full of mixed-sex unattractive people, would the group of attractive people be more likely to receive top-notch help?

Which dyad is MOST likely to experience mutual cooperation in a prisoner's dilemma game?

____ can be defined as ceasing to feel angry toward, and ceasing to seek retribution against, someone who has wronged you. ​

Prosocial behavior is defined as ____.

One way that evolution favors and supports helping is when ____.

Given the research on gender and helping, in which of the following situations would women be MOST likely to help?

Suppose that Paul and Oscar are buying frozen yogurt. Both of them are inclined to order the same flavor-pistachio-but they feel unadventurous about ordering the same flavor. If Oscar goes ahead and orders the pistachio for himself, then it is likely that Paul will ____.

Do immoral actions lead to unhappiness? What does research suggest on this matter?

The Mission and the Method

Culture and Nature

The-Self

Choices and Actions: The Self in Control

Social Cognition

Emotion and Affect

Attitudes, Beliefs, and Consistency

Social Influence and Persuasion

Aggression Antisocial Behavior

Interpersonal Attraction and Rejection

Close Relationships: Passion, Intimacy, and Sexuality

Prejudice and Intergroup Relations

Groups

Application Module A: Applying Social Psychology to Consumer Behavior

Application Module B: Applying Social Psychology to Health

Application Module C: Industrial and Organizational Psychology

Application Module D: Applying Social Psychology to Law

Application Module E: Applying Social Psychology to the Environ

Filters

Both pluralistic ignorance and diffusion of responsibility contribute to ____.

In his classic study on obedience to authority, Milgram found that roughly of participants eventually administered the highest levels of shocks. Interestingly, a group of psychiatrists surveyed prior to the study estimated that would do so.

____ can be defined as ceasing to feel angry toward, and ceasing to seek retribution against, someone who has wronged you.