Question 1

In a target-absent lineup, it is impossible for an eyewitness to make an identification decision that qualifies as a(n)____.

Accepted Answer

A) correct identification 
B) correct rejection 
C) false identification 
D) incorrect identification 
A) correct identification 
B) correct rejection 
C) false identification 
D) incorrect identification A

Question 2

In ____, researchers manipulate characteristics of the witnessing conditions or the identification task that are known to affect eyewitness accuracy and then look to see whether these manipulations influence jurors' trial decisions.

Accepted Answer

A) double-blind testing 
B) jury simulations 
C) peremptory challenges 
D) death qualifications 
A) double-blind testing 
B) jury simulations 
C) peremptory challenges 
D) death qualifications B

Question 3

In terms of practical, real-world effects, ____.

Accepted Answer

A) there is no evidence that jurors can be influenced by false memories, since they are so easy to see through 
B) the issue of recovered memories reflects the fundamental tension between convicting the guilty and acquitting the innocent 
C) because there has been so much publicity about implanting false memories, jurors rarely believe them 
D) nearly all trials in which false memories play a role end in a mistrial and are never retried 
A) there is no evidence that jurors can be influenced by false memories, since they are so easy to see through 
B) the issue of recovered memories reflects the fundamental tension between convicting the guilty and acquitting the innocent 
C) because there has been so much publicity about implanting false memories, jurors rarely believe them 
D) nearly all trials in which false memories play a role end in a mistrial and are never retried B

Question 4

Own-race bias refers to the observation that ____.

Accepted Answer

A) witnesses tend to trust individuals of their own race during a lineup more than people of other races 
B) witnesses are more likely to correctly identify members of their own race than members of other races 
C) people tend to believe that members of other races are more likely to commit crimes than are members of their own race 
D) people preferentially associate with members of their own race, increasing the likelihood that they will be victimized by members of their own race 
A) witnesses tend to trust individuals of their own race during a lineup more than people of other races 
B) witnesses are more likely to correctly identify members of their own race than members of other races 
C) people tend to believe that members of other races are more likely to commit crimes than are members of their own race 
D) people preferentially associate with members of their own race, increasing the likelihood that they will be victimized by members of their own race

Question 5

In general, which of the following BEST summarizes how convincing eyewitness testimony is to jurors?

Accepted Answer

A) Not very convincing-even when jurors have reason to believe that the eyewitness had a good opportunity to study the criminal's appearance 
B) Not very convincing-unless the eyewitness reported having seen a good friend, relative, or other highly familiar person commit a crime 
C) Very convincing-unless jurors have reason to believe that the eyewitness had impaired vision at the time of the crime 
D) Very convincing-even when jurors have reason to believe that the eyewitness had impaired vision at the time of the crime 
A) Not very convincing-even when jurors have reason to believe that the eyewitness had a good opportunity to study the criminal's appearance 
B) Not very convincing-unless the eyewitness reported having seen a good friend, relative, or other highly familiar person commit a crime 
C) Very convincing-unless jurors have reason to believe that the eyewitness had impaired vision at the time of the crime 
D) Very convincing-even when jurors have reason to believe that the eyewitness had impaired vision at the time of the crime

Question 6

Juries for robbery trials, assault trials, and other trials all go through a process of voir dire; juries for capital cases also go through a screening called ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) venire 
B) death qualification ​ 
C) continuance ​ 
D) peremptory challenge ​ 
A) venire 
B) death qualification ​ 
C) continuance ​ 
D) peremptory challenge ​

Question 7

Suppose that, during jury selection for a burglary trial, the lawyer for the prosecution determines that she does not want a potential juror named Ingrid Malone on the jury. Ingrid has stated that she has been in and out of mental institutions her whole life and that she sees nothing wrong with a little burglary now and then. Ingrid even offers up the idea that "all burglars should be free to burgle." The prosecution lawyer suggests to the judge that Ingrid is highly biased and should be removed from the jury panel. The judge agrees and has her quickly removed. This process is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A) venire 
B) voir dire 
C) challenge for cause 
D) peremptory challenge 
A) venire 
B) voir dire 
C) challenge for cause 
D) peremptory challenge

Question 8

A request made by an attorney that a potential juror be removed from the jury panel because he or she is clearly biased and will be unable to hear the case fairly is called a(n)____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) challenge for cause 
B) implicit challenge ​ 
C) peremptory challenge ​ 
D) challenge for bias ​ 
A) challenge for cause 
B) implicit challenge ​ 
C) peremptory challenge ​ 
D) challenge for bias ​

Question 9

Research on estimator variables has found that _____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) men and women have similar rates of both correct and mistaken identifications 
B) men and women have similar rates of correct identifications but men have higher rates of mistaken identifications 
C) men and women have similar rates of mistaken identifications but men have higher rates of correct identifications 
D) women have higher rates of both correct and mistaken identifications 
A) men and women have similar rates of both correct and mistaken identifications 
B) men and women have similar rates of correct identifications but men have higher rates of mistaken identifications 
C) men and women have similar rates of mistaken identifications but men have higher rates of correct identifications 
D) women have higher rates of both correct and mistaken identifications

Question 10

During the jury selection process, attorneys often rely on ____ in an effort to figure out what demographic characteristics, personality traits, lifestyle characteristics, and behaviors correlate with jury opinions and jury verdicts.

Accepted Answer

A) countertransference 
B) implicit personality theories 
C) attribution theory 
D) groupthink 
A) countertransference 
B) implicit personality theories 
C) attribution theory 
D) groupthink

Question 11

When police use lineup procedures to obtain identifications of criminals from eyewitnesses, which is better, the match-to-suspect approach or the match-to-culprit approach?

Accepted Answer

A) The match-to-suspect approach-because it less likely to result in mistaken identifications. 
B) The match-to-suspect approach-because it is less likely to promote own-race bias. 
C) The match-to-culprit approach-because it is more likely to promote own-race bias. 
D) The match-to-culprit approach-because it is less likely to result in mistaken identifications. 
A) The match-to-suspect approach-because it less likely to result in mistaken identifications. 
B) The match-to-suspect approach-because it is less likely to promote own-race bias. 
C) The match-to-culprit approach-because it is more likely to promote own-race bias. 
D) The match-to-culprit approach-because it is less likely to result in mistaken identifications.

Question 12

In a properly constructed lineup, wherein eyewitnesses are asked to identify a criminal whom they saw commit a crime, the fillers in the lineup are people who ____.

Accepted Answer

A) are all suspects of the crime 
B) are all known to be innocent of the crime 
C) do not match the physical description of the suspect 
D) do not match the psychological profile of the suspect 
A) are all suspects of the crime 
B) are all known to be innocent of the crime 
C) do not match the physical description of the suspect 
D) do not match the psychological profile of the suspect

Question 13

Mikael was involved in a bank robbery. He is presented in a lineup along with others who are innocent. However, all the witnesses to the robbery fail to identify Mikael as the culprit. This is an example of a(n)____.

Accepted Answer

A) correct identification 
B) false identification 
C) correct rejection 
D) incorrect rejection 
A) correct identification 
B) false identification 
C) correct rejection 
D) incorrect rejection

Question 14

Lineup members other than the suspect who are known to be innocent of the crime are called ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) foils 
B) false flags 
C) fillers 
D) validators 
A) foils 
B) false flags 
C) fillers 
D) validators

Question 15

People with a(n)____ personality are more likely to hold conventional values, respect authority figures, and punish others who defy authority. ​

Accepted Answer

A) authoritative 
B) permissive ​ 
C) rigid ​ 
D) authoritarian ​ 
A) authoritative 
B) permissive ​ 
C) rigid ​ 
D) authoritarian ​

Question 16

When jurors have been exposed to negative pretrial publicity, they ____.

Accepted Answer

A) are somewhat more likely to deem the defendant guilty 
B) are somewhat more likely to deem the defendant innocent 
C) tend to think that they are biased by this exposure, even when they are not 
D) are able to disregard any information to which they have been exposed once the trial begins 
A) are somewhat more likely to deem the defendant guilty 
B) are somewhat more likely to deem the defendant innocent 
C) tend to think that they are biased by this exposure, even when they are not 
D) are able to disregard any information to which they have been exposed once the trial begins

Question 17

The best way to eliminate biases in jury judgments resulting from pretrial publicity is by making use of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) continuance 
B) an extended voir dire 
C) a change of venue 
D) an extended venire 
A) continuance 
B) an extended voir dire 
C) a change of venue 
D) an extended venire

Question 18

Of the following, which personality trait is most predictive of whether people are lenient or punitive in jury trial voting?

Accepted Answer

A) Introversion/extroversion 
B) Authoritarianism 
C) Self-monitoring 
D) Need for closure 
A) Introversion/extroversion 
B) Authoritarianism 
C) Self-monitoring 
D) Need for closure

Question 19

Which of the following best summarizes current thinking on recovered memories?

Accepted Answer

A) This is a complicated topic, involving numerous tradeoffs, about which there are few clear answers. 
B) Recovered memories are real, though the criminal justice system has been slow to acknowledge their legitimacy. 
C) There does not appear to be any legitimacy to the notion of recovered memories-despite the commonality with which they allegedly occurred in the 1980's and 1990's. 
D) Recovered memories are now widely recognized by both psychologists and the criminal justice system as being real and legitimate. 
A) This is a complicated topic, involving numerous tradeoffs, about which there are few clear answers. 
B) Recovered memories are real, though the criminal justice system has been slow to acknowledge their legitimacy. 
C) There does not appear to be any legitimacy to the notion of recovered memories-despite the commonality with which they allegedly occurred in the 1980's and 1990's. 
D) Recovered memories are now widely recognized by both psychologists and the criminal justice system as being real and legitimate.

Question 20

Tim was mugged by a man on his way to work. Since the mugger did not wear a mask, Tim remembers his face, his hair color, his eye color, and several other facial features. The police round up a suspect as part of a lineup, along with others who are innocent. However, the suspect lined up is not the man who mugged Tim. Tim tells the police that he is not able to identify anyone as the mugger since he does not recognize any of the men lined up. This is an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) incorrect rejection 
B) correct rejection 
C) correct identification 
D) false identification 
A) incorrect rejection 
B) correct rejection 
C) correct identification 
D) false identification

In a target-absent lineup, it is impossible for an eyewitness to make an identification decision that qualifies as a(n)____.

In ____, researchers manipulate characteristics of the witnessing conditions or the identification task that are known to affect eyewitness accuracy and then look to see whether these manipulations influence jurors' trial decisions.

In terms of practical, real-world effects, ____.

Own-race bias refers to the observation that ____.

In general, which of the following BEST summarizes how convincing eyewitness testimony is to jurors?

Juries for robbery trials, assault trials, and other trials all go through a process of voir dire; juries for capital cases also go through a screening called ____.

A request made by an attorney that a potential juror be removed from the jury panel because he or she is clearly biased and will be unable to hear the case fairly is called a(n)____.

Research on estimator variables has found that _____.

During the jury selection process, attorneys often rely on ____ in an effort to figure out what demographic characteristics, personality traits, lifestyle characteristics, and behaviors correlate with jury opinions and jury verdicts.

When police use lineup procedures to obtain identifications of criminals from eyewitnesses, which is better, the match-to-suspect approach or the match-to-culprit approach?

In a properly constructed lineup, wherein eyewitnesses are asked to identify a criminal whom they saw commit a crime, the fillers in the lineup are people who ____.

Mikael was involved in a bank robbery. He is presented in a lineup along with others who are innocent. However, all the witnesses to the robbery fail to identify Mikael as the culprit. This is an example of a(n)____.

Lineup members other than the suspect who are known to be innocent of the crime are called ____.

People with a(n)____ personality are more likely to hold conventional values, respect authority figures, and punish others who defy authority.

When jurors have been exposed to negative pretrial publicity, they ____.

The best way to eliminate biases in jury judgments resulting from pretrial publicity is by making use of ____.

Of the following, which personality trait is most predictive of whether people are lenient or punitive in jury trial voting?

Which of the following best summarizes current thinking on recovered memories?

The Mission and the Method

Culture and Nature

The-Self

Choices and Actions: The Self in Control

Social Cognition

Emotion and Affect

Attitudes, Beliefs, and Consistency

Social Influence and Persuasion

Prosocial Behavior: Doing Whats Best for Others

Aggression Antisocial Behavior

Interpersonal Attraction and Rejection

Close Relationships: Passion, Intimacy, and Sexuality

Prejudice and Intergroup Relations

Groups

Application Module A: Applying Social Psychology to Consumer Behavior

Application Module B: Applying Social Psychology to Health

Application Module C: Industrial and Organizational Psychology

Application Module E: Applying Social Psychology to the Environ

Filters

Exam 18: Application Module D: Applying Social Psychology to Law

In a target-absent lineup, it is impossible for an eyewitness to make an identification decision that qualifies as a(n)____.

In ____, researchers manipulate characteristics of the witnessing conditions or the identification task that are known to affect eyewitness accuracy and then look to see whether these manipulations influence jurors' trial decisions.

In terms of practical, real-world effects, ____.

Own-race bias refers to the observation that ____.

In general, which of the following BEST summarizes how convincing eyewitness testimony is to jurors?

Juries for robbery trials, assault trials, and other trials all go through a process of voir dire; juries for capital cases also go through a screening called ____. ​

A request made by an attorney that a potential juror be removed from the jury panel because he or she is clearly biased and will be unable to hear the case fairly is called a(n)____. ​

Research on estimator variables has found that _____. ​

During the jury selection process, attorneys often rely on ____ in an effort to figure out what demographic characteristics, personality traits, lifestyle characteristics, and behaviors correlate with jury opinions and jury verdicts.

When police use lineup procedures to obtain identifications of criminals from eyewitnesses, which is better, the match-to-suspect approach or the match-to-culprit approach?

In a properly constructed lineup, wherein eyewitnesses are asked to identify a criminal whom they saw commit a crime, the fillers in the lineup are people who ____.

Mikael was involved in a bank robbery. He is presented in a lineup along with others who are innocent. However, all the witnesses to the robbery fail to identify Mikael as the culprit. This is an example of a(n)____.

Lineup members other than the suspect who are known to be innocent of the crime are called ____. ​

People with a(n)____ personality are more likely to hold conventional values, respect authority figures, and punish others who defy authority. ​

When jurors have been exposed to negative pretrial publicity, they ____.

The best way to eliminate biases in jury judgments resulting from pretrial publicity is by making use of ____.

Of the following, which personality trait is most predictive of whether people are lenient or punitive in jury trial voting?

Which of the following best summarizes current thinking on recovered memories?

The Mission and the Method

Culture and Nature

The-Self

Choices and Actions: The Self in Control

Social Cognition

Emotion and Affect

Attitudes, Beliefs, and Consistency

Social Influence and Persuasion

Prosocial Behavior: Doing Whats Best for Others

Aggression Antisocial Behavior

Interpersonal Attraction and Rejection

Close Relationships: Passion, Intimacy, and Sexuality

Prejudice and Intergroup Relations

Groups

Application Module A: Applying Social Psychology to Consumer Behavior

Application Module B: Applying Social Psychology to Health

Application Module C: Industrial and Organizational Psychology

Application Module E: Applying Social Psychology to the Environ

Filters

Juries for robbery trials, assault trials, and other trials all go through a process of voir dire; juries for capital cases also go through a screening called ____.

A request made by an attorney that a potential juror be removed from the jury panel because he or she is clearly biased and will be unable to hear the case fairly is called a(n)____.

Research on estimator variables has found that _____.

Lineup members other than the suspect who are known to be innocent of the crime are called ____.

People with a(n)____ personality are more likely to hold conventional values, respect authority figures, and punish others who defy authority.