Question 1

In general, phobias represent a process of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  discrimination 
B)  dishabituation 
C)  overgeneralization 
D)  reciprocal inhibition 
A)  discrimination 
B)  dishabituation 
C)  overgeneralization 
D)  reciprocal inhibition

Question 2

Robert feels nervous whenever he sees his neighbor's house because the neighbor's dog bit him a few years back. His behavior illustrates the _________ model of classical conditioning.

Accepted Answer

stimulus-s

Question 3

Warren begins wheezing whenever people talk about dogs. In the terminology of classical conditioning, the talk about dogs acts as the (use the abbreviation) _________ while the wheezing is the _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Warren begins wheezing whenever people talk about...

Question 4

The process whereby the occurrence of one response can be inhibited by the occurrence of an incompatible response is called _________.

Accepted Answer

reciprocal

Question 5

Pavlov's stimulus-substitution theory is an example of a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  S-S model 
B)  S-R model 
C)  compensatory-response model 
D)  preparatory response model 
A)  S-S model 
B)  S-R model 
C)  compensatory-response model 
D)  preparatory response model

Question 6

Which of the following is a feature of Öst's single-session treatment procedure for phobias?

Accepted Answer

A)  A gradual approach 
B)  Participant modeling 
C)  Endurance of a fairly intense level of anxiety 
D)  All of these are correct. 
A)  A gradual approach 
B)  Participant modeling 
C)  Endurance of a fairly intense level of anxiety 
D)  All of these are correct.

Question 7

Öst's single-session treatment procedure for phobias is similar to systematic desensitization in that it adopts a _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  prolonged exposure 
B)  gradual approach 
C)  sudden approach 
D)  brief exposure 
A)  prolonged exposure 
B)  gradual approach 
C)  sudden approach 
D)  brief exposure

Question 8

Sigmund Freud believed that the first step in the treatment of a phobia should involve a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  uncovering of traumatic memories. 
B)  direct exposure to what a person is afraid of. 
C)  brief, indirect exposure to what a person is afraid of. 
D)  Both a and c are correct. 
A)  uncovering of traumatic memories. 
B)  direct exposure to what a person is afraid of. 
C)  brief, indirect exposure to what a person is afraid of. 
D)  Both a and c are correct.

Question 9

Which of the following is a step in systematic desensitization?

Accepted Answer

A)  The creation of a hierarchy of progressively more fearful imaginary scenes 
B)  Training in deep muscle relaxation 
C)  Both a and b are correct. 
D)  Neither a nor b is correct. 
A)  The creation of a hierarchy of progressively more fearful imaginary scenes 
B)  Training in deep muscle relaxation 
C)  Both a and b are correct. 
D)  Neither a nor b is correct.

Question 10

US revaluation can strengthen a phobia through

Accepted Answer

A)  direct exposure to a stronger US. 
B)  observational learning. 
C)  verbally transmitted information. 
D)  All of these are correct. 
A)  direct exposure to a stronger US. 
B)  observational learning. 
C)  verbally transmitted information. 
D)  All of these are correct.

Question 11

Which of the following factors suggests that Little Albert did not grow up to have a phobia of furry objects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Little Albert had been exposed to only one pairing of the rat and the loud noise. 
B)  Little Albert did not have the kind of temperament often associated with phobias. 
C)  Rats are not an appropriate stimulus for phobic conditioning. 
D)  Little Albert already hated rats. 
A)  Little Albert had been exposed to only one pairing of the rat and the loud noise. 
B)  Little Albert did not have the kind of temperament often associated with phobias. 
C)  Rats are not an appropriate stimulus for phobic conditioning. 
D)  Little Albert already hated rats.

Question 12

Define incubation and selective sensitization.

Accepted Answer

Incubation and selective sensitization a

Question 13

According to the compensatory-response model of conditioning, if a certain drug has a tendency to increase blood pressure, then just being in an environment associated with taking the drug may

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease blood pressure. 
B)  stabilize blood pressure. 
C)  further increase blood pressure. 
D)  cause wide fluctuations in blood pressure. 
A)  decrease blood pressure. 
B)  stabilize blood pressure. 
C)  further increase blood pressure. 
D)  cause wide fluctuations in blood pressure.

Question 14

According to the Rescorla-Wagner theory, a given US

Accepted Answer

A)  compensates for the effect of the CS. 
B)  can support only so much conditioning. 
C)  often has unpredictable effects. 
D)  can support unlimited levels of conditioning. 
A)  compensates for the effect of the CS. 
B)  can support only so much conditioning. 
C)  often has unpredictable effects. 
D)  can support unlimited levels of conditioning.

Question 15

The process of _____ is the strengthening of a conditioned fear response as a result of brief exposures to an aversive CS.

Accepted Answer

A)  preparedness 
B)  selective sensitization 
C)  incubation 
D)  US revaluation 
A)  preparedness 
B)  selective sensitization 
C)  incubation 
D)  US revaluation

Question 16

Selby receives invitations to attend two events taking place on the same day. While one invitation is from a distant cousin, the other one is from a close friend. Though she wants to attend both, she decides to attend the function hosted by her close friend. Selby's behavior illustrates the _____ theory of classical conditioning.

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulus-substitution 
B)  Rescorla-Wagner 
C)  compensatory-response 
D)  stimulus-response 
A)  stimulus-substitution 
B)  Rescorla-Wagner 
C)  compensatory-response 
D)  stimulus-response

Question 17

The ease with which a conditioned fear response is acquired can be affected by _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  temperament 
B)  observational learning 
C)  selective sensitization 
D)  All of these are correct. 
A)  temperament 
B)  observational learning 
C)  selective sensitization 
D)  All of these are correct.

Question 18

In the context of aversion therapy, for both smoking and alcoholism, _____ treatments are more effective than _____ treatments.

Accepted Answer

A)  shock-based; nausea-based 
B)  nausea-based; shock-based 
C)  flooding; covert sensitization 
D)  desensitization; sensitization 
A)  shock-based; nausea-based 
B)  nausea-based; shock-based 
C)  flooding; covert sensitization 
D)  desensitization; sensitization

Question 19

In the context of the debates on the real "Little Albert," which of the following conclusions can be drawn regarding the claim that Douglas Merritte was "Little Albert"?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has been confirmed. 
B)  It has been debunked. 
C)  It is nearly certain. 
D)  It is unclear. 
A)  It has been confirmed. 
B)  It has been debunked. 
C)  It is nearly certain. 
D)  It is unclear.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true of in vivo flooding?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is ideal for treating a fear of house fires. 
B)  It is independent of a client's visualization ability. 
C)  It is based on the principle of counterconditioning. 
D)  It is now considered the treatment choice for phobic disorders. 
A)  It is ideal for treating a fear of house fires. 
B)  It is independent of a client's visualization ability. 
C)  It is based on the principle of counterconditioning. 
D)  It is now considered the treatment choice for phobic disorders.

In general, phobias represent a process of _____.

Robert feels nervous whenever he sees his neighbor's house because the neighbor's dog bit him a few years back. His behavior illustrates the _________ model of classical conditioning.

Warren begins wheezing whenever people talk about dogs. In the terminology of classical conditioning, the talk about dogs acts as the (use the abbreviation) _ while the wheezing is the _.

The process whereby the occurrence of one response can be inhibited by the occurrence of an incompatible response is called _________.

Pavlov's stimulus-substitution theory is an example of a(n) _____.

Which of the following is a feature of Öst's single-session treatment procedure for phobias?

Öst's single-session treatment procedure for phobias is similar to systematic desensitization in that it adopts a _____.

Sigmund Freud believed that the first step in the treatment of a phobia should involve a(n)

Which of the following is a step in systematic desensitization?

US revaluation can strengthen a phobia through

Which of the following factors suggests that Little Albert did not grow up to have a phobia of furry objects?

Define incubation and selective sensitization.

According to the compensatory-response model of conditioning, if a certain drug has a tendency to increase blood pressure, then just being in an environment associated with taking the drug may

According to the Rescorla-Wagner theory, a given US

The process of _____ is the strengthening of a conditioned fear response as a result of brief exposures to an aversive CS.

The ease with which a conditioned fear response is acquired can be affected by _____.

In the context of aversion therapy, for both smoking and alcoholism, _ treatments are more effective than _ treatments.

In the context of the debates on the real "Little Albert," which of the following conclusions can be drawn regarding the claim that Douglas Merritte was "Little Albert"?

Which of the following statements is true of in vivo flooding?

Introduction

Research Methods

Elicited Behaviors and Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning Basic Phenomena and Various Complexities

Operant Conditioning Introduction

Schedules and Theories of Reinforcement

Extinction and Stimulus Control

Escape Avoidance and Punishment

Choice Matching and Self Control

Observational Learning and Rule Governed Behavior

Biological Dispositions in Learning

Comparative Cognition

Filters

Exam 5: Classical Conditioning Underlying Processes in Classical Conditioning

In general, phobias represent a process of _____.

Robert feels nervous whenever he sees his neighbor's house because the neighbor's dog bit him a few years back. His behavior illustrates the _________ model of classical conditioning.

Warren begins wheezing whenever people talk about dogs. In the terminology of classical conditioning, the talk about dogs acts as the (use the abbreviation) _________ while the wheezing is the _________.

The process whereby the occurrence of one response can be inhibited by the occurrence of an incompatible response is called _________.

Pavlov's stimulus-substitution theory is an example of a(n) _____.

Which of the following is a feature of Öst's single-session treatment procedure for phobias?

Öst's single-session treatment procedure for phobias is similar to systematic desensitization in that it adopts a _____.

Sigmund Freud believed that the first step in the treatment of a phobia should involve a(n)

Which of the following is a step in systematic desensitization?

US revaluation can strengthen a phobia through

Which of the following factors suggests that Little Albert did not grow up to have a phobia of furry objects?

Define incubation and selective sensitization.

According to the compensatory-response model of conditioning, if a certain drug has a tendency to increase blood pressure, then just being in an environment associated with taking the drug may

According to the Rescorla-Wagner theory, a given US

The process of _____ is the strengthening of a conditioned fear response as a result of brief exposures to an aversive CS.

The ease with which a conditioned fear response is acquired can be affected by _____.

In the context of aversion therapy, for both smoking and alcoholism, _____ treatments are more effective than _____ treatments.

In the context of the debates on the real "Little Albert," which of the following conclusions can be drawn regarding the claim that Douglas Merritte was "Little Albert"?

Which of the following statements is true of in vivo flooding?

Introduction

Research Methods

Elicited Behaviors and Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning Basic Phenomena and Various Complexities

Operant Conditioning Introduction

Schedules and Theories of Reinforcement

Extinction and Stimulus Control

Escape Avoidance and Punishment

Choice Matching and Self Control

Observational Learning and Rule Governed Behavior

Biological Dispositions in Learning

Comparative Cognition

Filters

Warren begins wheezing whenever people talk about dogs. In the terminology of classical conditioning, the talk about dogs acts as the (use the abbreviation) _ while the wheezing is the _.

In the context of aversion therapy, for both smoking and alcoholism, _ treatments are more effective than _ treatments.