Question 1

The action of Ca2+ in a second messenger scheme

Accepted Answer

A)  involves the calcium-binding protein calmodulin as the actual second messenger 
B)  relies entirely on intercellular reservoirs of Ca2+ in the endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  does not involve the G protein 
D)  produces sustained responses by controlling the flow of Ca2+ into the cell 
A)  involves the calcium-binding protein calmodulin as the actual second messenger 
B)  relies entirely on intercellular reservoirs of Ca2+ in the endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  does not involve the G protein 
D)  produces sustained responses by controlling the flow of Ca2+ into the cell

Question 2

Insulin and Insulin-like Growth factor play a role in

Accepted Answer

A)  tumor growth 
B)  obesity 
C)  diabetes 
D)  cancer 
E)  all of these 
A)  tumor growth 
B)  obesity 
C)  diabetes 
D)  cancer 
E)  all of these

Question 3

Chronic high carbohydrate diets can result in over-release of insulin, which actually causes hypoglycemia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

_____ is the balance of the biological activities in the body.

Accepted Answer

A)  Metastasis 
B)  Epistasis 
C)  Hypostasis 
D)  Homeostasis 
A)  Metastasis 
B)  Epistasis 
C)  Hypostasis 
D)  Homeostasis

Question 5

Growth hormone imbalance does not lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  acromegaly 
B)  dwarfism 
C)  giantism 
D)  Cushing's syndrome 
A)  acromegaly 
B)  dwarfism 
C)  giantism 
D)  Cushing's syndrome

Question 6

Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B6 
C)  D 
D)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B6 
C)  D 
D)  E

Question 7

An essential nutrient is one which is either not made in the body or is not made in sufficient quantity to allow for survival.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following compounds does not overlap between several pathways?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acetyl-CoA 
B)  Oxaloacetate 
C)  Cholesterol 
D)  Pyruvate 
E)  Fumarate 
A)  Acetyl-CoA 
B)  Oxaloacetate 
C)  Cholesterol 
D)  Pyruvate 
E)  Fumarate

Question 9

Which of these hormones regulates the level of glucose in human blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin 
B)  glucagon 
C)  glucagon and epinephrine 
D)  insulin and glucagon 
E)  insulin, glucagon and epinephrine 
A)  insulin 
B)  glucagon 
C)  glucagon and epinephrine 
D)  insulin and glucagon 
E)  insulin, glucagon and epinephrine

Question 10

Glycogen metabolism is influenced by

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorylase kinase 
B)  phosphoprotein phosphatase 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  all of these 
A)  phosphorylase kinase 
B)  phosphoprotein phosphatase 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  all of these

Question 11

Studies of metabolism usually separate the reactions into pathways, such as the Krebs' Cycle or the Pentose Phosphate Pathway. This is really an artificial designation, since these pathways are all intimately linked and overlap.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Sweets and fats are at the top of the food pyramid, because they are so important in our diet.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

G proteins act on

Accepted Answer

A)  tyrosine kinases. 
B)  adenylate cyclase. 
C)  insulin receptors. 
D)  steroid hormones. 
A)  tyrosine kinases. 
B)  adenylate cyclase. 
C)  insulin receptors. 
D)  steroid hormones.

Question 14

Which of the following is not a characteristic of catabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

A)  macromolecules, such as carbohydrates, are hydrolyzed to monomers and then oxidized 
B)  ATP is a common product in such pathways 
C)  the pathways are exergonic 
D)  energy input is required for these pathways to take place 
A)  macromolecules, such as carbohydrates, are hydrolyzed to monomers and then oxidized 
B)  ATP is a common product in such pathways 
C)  the pathways are exergonic 
D)  energy input is required for these pathways to take place

Question 15

Which of the following has opiod effects on the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Met enkephalin 
B)  Leu enkephalin 
C)  beta endorphin 
D)  all of these 
A)  Met enkephalin 
B)  Leu enkephalin 
C)  beta endorphin 
D)  all of these

Question 16

The following reactions are all common parts of some hormone processes:
1) Binding of the hormone to a receptor.
2) Synthesis of cyclic AMP
3) Phosphorylation of the target enzyme.
4) Release of a G-protein from the interior cell membrane.
5) Activation of a protein kinase.
A typical path of reactions would follow this sequence:

Accepted Answer

A)  1 → 2 → 4 → 3 → 5. 
B)  1 → 4 → 2 → 3 → 5. 
C)  1 → 4 → 2 → 5 → 3. 
D)  1 → 2 → 4 → 5 → 3. 
E)  2 → 1 → 4 → 5 → 3. 
A)  1 → 2 → 4 → 3 → 5. 
B)  1 → 4 → 2 → 3 → 5. 
C)  1 → 4 → 2 → 5 → 3. 
D)  1 → 2 → 4 → 5 → 3. 
E)  2 → 1 → 4 → 5 → 3.

Question 17

Which of the following link photosynthesis and carbon dioxide fixation?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP:ADP and NADP+:NADPH 
B)  ATP:ADP and NAD+:NADH 
C)  NTP:NDP 
D)  none of these 
A)  ATP:ADP and NADP+:NADPH 
B)  ATP:ADP and NAD+:NADH 
C)  NTP:NDP 
D)  none of these

Question 18

In addition to all the other problems, why can a person get fat from overdrinking alcohol?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alcohol inhibits carnitine palmitoyltransferase I 
B)  Ethanol is converted to acetate and then to acetyl-CoA which makes lipids 
C)  Ethanol converts carbohydrates into lipids 
D)  none of these 
A)  Alcohol inhibits carnitine palmitoyltransferase I 
B)  Ethanol is converted to acetate and then to acetyl-CoA which makes lipids 
C)  Ethanol converts carbohydrates into lipids 
D)  none of these

Question 19

Steroid hormones affect which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrate metabolism. 
B)  inflammatory and stress reactions. 
C)  sexual development. 
D)  All of these 
A)  carbohydrate metabolism. 
B)  inflammatory and stress reactions. 
C)  sexual development. 
D)  All of these

Question 20

Many hormones come in pairs, which have opposing metabolic activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 24: Integration of Metabolism Cellular Signaling

The action of Ca2+ in a second messenger scheme

Insulin and Insulin-like Growth factor play a role in

Chronic high carbohydrate diets can result in over-release of insulin, which actually causes hypoglycemia.

_____ is the balance of the biological activities in the body.

Growth hormone imbalance does not lead to

Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?

An essential nutrient is one which is either not made in the body or is not made in sufficient quantity to allow for survival.

Which of the following compounds does not overlap between several pathways?

Which of these hormones regulates the level of glucose in human blood?

Glycogen metabolism is influenced by

Studies of metabolism usually separate the reactions into pathways, such as the Krebs' Cycle or the Pentose Phosphate Pathway. This is really an artificial designation, since these pathways are all intimately linked and overlap.

Sweets and fats are at the top of the food pyramid, because they are so important in our diet.

G proteins act on

Which of the following is not a characteristic of catabolic pathways?

Which of the following has opiod effects on the central nervous system?

Which of the following link photosynthesis and carbon dioxide fixation?

In addition to all the other problems, why can a person get fat from overdrinking alcohol?

Steroid hormones affect which of the following?

Many hormones come in pairs, which have opposing metabolic activity.

Biochemistry and the Organization of Cells

Water the Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

Amino Acids and Peptides

The Three Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques

The Behavior of Proteins Enzymes

The Behavior of Proteins Enzymes Mechanisms and Control

Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes

Nucleic Acids How Structure Conveys Information

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids Replication

Transcription of the Genetic Code the Biosynthesis of Rna

Protein Synthesis Translation of the Genetic Message

Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

Viruses Cancer and Immunology

The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Glycolysis

Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Lipid Metabolism

Photosynthesis

The Metabolism of Nitrogen

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The action of Ca²⁺ in a second messenger scheme