Question 1

What is the dominant theory regarding the peopling of the Americas? Explain at least one alternative theory.

Accepted Answer

The dominant theory regarding the peopling of the Americas is the Bering Land Bridge theory, also known as the "Clovis First" theory. This theory suggests that the first humans to populate the Americas migrated from Asia to North America across a land bridge that once connected Siberia and Alaska during the last Ice Age. These early migrants are believed to have then spread throughout the Americas, eventually reaching as far south as South America.

An alternative theory to the Bering Land Bridge theory is the Coastal Migration theory. This theory proposes that the first humans to populate the Americas traveled along the Pacific coast by boat, hugging the shoreline and utilizing marine resources as they made their way south. Proponents of this theory argue that this coastal route would have provided a more hospitable and resource-rich environment for early migrants compared to the harsh conditions of the inland route proposed by the Bering Land Bridge theory. Evidence for this theory includes archaeological findings of early human settlements along the Pacific coast of the Americas that predate the Clovis culture, which is associated with the Bering Land Bridge theory. While the Bering Land Bridge theory remains the dominant explanation for the peopling of the Americas, the Coastal Migration theory offers an alternative perspective on how the first humans may have arrived in the New World.

Question 2

People migrated from Africa to which TWO areas first?

Accepted Answer

A)  Australia and the Americas 
B)  Europe and the Middle East 
C)  The Middle East and China 
D)  Australia and China 
A)  Australia and the Americas 
B)  Europe and the Middle East 
C)  The Middle East and China 
D)  Australia and China C

Question 3

How did some societies perpetuate the foraging life after the Ice Age? How has the foraging life persisted today?

Accepted Answer

After the Ice Age, some societies perpetuated the foraging life by adapting to their changing environments. They developed sophisticated knowledge of local plants and animals, and utilized advanced hunting and gathering techniques to sustain themselves. Additionally, they formed social structures and cultural traditions that supported their foraging lifestyle, passing down knowledge and skills from generation to generation.

Today, the foraging life has persisted in some societies through the preservation of traditional practices and the continued reliance on natural resources for sustenance. While many societies have transitioned to agriculture and other forms of subsistence, there are still communities around the world that maintain a foraging lifestyle as a way of life. These societies often face challenges such as encroachment on their traditional lands and resources, but they continue to adapt and persevere in order to maintain their unique way of life. Additionally, there is a growing interest in foraging as a sustainable and environmentally friendly way of obtaining food, leading to a resurgence of interest in foraging practices in some modern societies.

Question 4

The role of feasts in the Ice Age is believed to have functioned primarily

Accepted Answer

A)  to celebrate weddings. 
B)  to occur only after serious conflicts were ended. 
C)  to strengthen group ties. 
D)  to occur only when food was abundant. 
A)  to celebrate weddings. 
B)  to occur only after serious conflicts were ended. 
C)  to strengthen group ties. 
D)  to occur only when food was abundant.

Question 5

Through what mechanisms have foraging cultures managed to survive into the modern age? Include two specific examples.

Accepted Answer

Foraging cultures have managed to surviv

Question 6

What did Fernand Braudel mean by the "heavy baggage of culture"?

Accepted Answer

A)  People tend to forget their past. 
B)  Civilization weighs heavily on a culture. 
C)  When people arrive in a new place, they want to be rid of the past. 
D)  When people move, they tend to bring familiar practices with them. 
A)  People tend to forget their past. 
B)  Civilization weighs heavily on a culture. 
C)  When people arrive in a new place, they want to be rid of the past. 
D)  When people move, they tend to bring familiar practices with them.

Question 7

Describe at least two different survival strategies that were developed by hunting and foraging societies that enabled them to survive in difficult environments.

Accepted Answer

Hunting and foraging societies have deve

Question 8

The North American peoples who have retained their hunting traditions most closely are the

Accepted Answer

A)  Inuit. 
B)  Nenets. 
C)  Sami. 
D)  San. 
A)  Inuit. 
B)  Nenets. 
C)  Sami. 
D)  San.

Question 9

In foraging societies,it is common for

Accepted Answer

A)  members of both sexes to share equally in hunting and gathering. 
B)  men to be the primary foragers. 
C)  women to be the hunters and men to be the gatherers. 
D)  men to be the hunters and women to be the gatherers. 
A)  members of both sexes to share equally in hunting and gathering. 
B)  men to be the primary foragers. 
C)  women to be the hunters and men to be the gatherers. 
D)  men to be the hunters and women to be the gatherers.

Question 10

In what ways were foraging cultures successful in enabling people to provide not only the necessities of life,but also medicine and art?

Accepted Answer

Foraging cultures were successful in ena

Question 11

Within the culture of the Chukchi hunters,shamanism

Accepted Answer

A)  does not play a significant role. 
B)  acts as a check on authority. 
C)  plays only a ceremonial role. 
D)  is restricted to women who are healers. 
A)  does not play a significant role. 
B)  acts as a check on authority. 
C)  plays only a ceremonial role. 
D)  is restricted to women who are healers.

Question 12

What does the existence of prehistoric art tell us about the mental and emotional sophistication of prehistoric humans?

Accepted Answer

The existence of prehistoric art tells u

Question 13

Discovery of Homo floresiensis has changed earlier understanding of human evolution because

Accepted Answer

A)  they had brains the same size as ours and made tools. 
B)  they were taller than modern humans and made tools. 
C)  they had relatively small brains and still made tools. 
D)  they are almost indistinguishable from modern humans. 
A)  they had brains the same size as ours and made tools. 
B)  they were taller than modern humans and made tools. 
C)  they had relatively small brains and still made tools. 
D)  they are almost indistinguishable from modern humans.

Question 14

Foraging produces cultures that are

Accepted Answer

A)  almost indistinguishable from one another. 
B)  as different from one another as those of agrarian societies. 
C)  very different from one another, but less so than those of agrarian societies. 
D)  successful only in places with ecosystems that humans could easily dominate. 
A)  almost indistinguishable from one another. 
B)  as different from one another as those of agrarian societies. 
C)  very different from one another, but less so than those of agrarian societies. 
D)  successful only in places with ecosystems that humans could easily dominate.

Question 15

One innovation that all foraging cultures appear to have lacked is

Accepted Answer

A)  art. 
B)  medicine. 
C)  religious belief. 
D)  writing. 
A)  art. 
B)  medicine. 
C)  religious belief. 
D)  writing.

Question 16

Homo sapiens have been around since

Accepted Answer

A)  1.5 million years ago. 
B)  1 million years ago. 
C)  400,000 years ago. 
D)  150,000 years ago. 
A)  1.5 million years ago. 
B)  1 million years ago. 
C)  400,000 years ago. 
D)  150,000 years ago.

Question 17

The diets of Ice Age peoples were

Accepted Answer

A)  poorer than the typical modern diet. 
B)  more varied than the typical modern diet. 
C)  better than the typical modern diet but lacking in vitamin C. 
D)  poorer than the typical diet of later developed societies. 
A)  poorer than the typical modern diet. 
B)  more varied than the typical modern diet. 
C)  better than the typical modern diet but lacking in vitamin C. 
D)  poorer than the typical diet of later developed societies.

Question 18

Which of these is NOT a current interpretation of the Venus of Willendorf?

Accepted Answer

A)  The carving represents a goddess. 
B)  The carving represents a pregnant woman. 
C)  The carving is a fertility fetish. 
D)  The carving was used in burial rites. 
A)  The carving represents a goddess. 
B)  The carving represents a pregnant woman. 
C)  The carving is a fertility fetish. 
D)  The carving was used in burial rites.

Question 19

What changes came for human communities with the end of the Ice Age? How did these changes lay the groundwork for further change?

Accepted Answer

The end of the Ice Age brought significa

Question 20

During the Ice Age,cave art was used

Accepted Answer

A)  in very different ways in different places. 
B)  only for ritual purposes. 
C)  in very similar ways in different places. 
D)  only for hunting rituals and purposes. 
A)  in very different ways in different places. 
B)  only for ritual purposes. 
C)  in very similar ways in different places. 
D)  only for hunting rituals and purposes.

Exam 1: Out of the Ice: Peopling the Earth

What is the dominant theory regarding the peopling of the Americas? Explain at least one alternative theory.

People migrated from Africa to which TWO areas first?

How did some societies perpetuate the foraging life after the Ice Age? How has the foraging life persisted today?

The role of feasts in the Ice Age is believed to have functioned primarily

Through what mechanisms have foraging cultures managed to survive into the modern age? Include two specific examples.

What did Fernand Braudel mean by the "heavy baggage of culture"?

Describe at least two different survival strategies that were developed by hunting and foraging societies that enabled them to survive in difficult environments.

The North American peoples who have retained their hunting traditions most closely are the

In foraging societies,it is common for

In what ways were foraging cultures successful in enabling people to provide not only the necessities of life,but also medicine and art?

Within the culture of the Chukchi hunters,shamanism

What does the existence of prehistoric art tell us about the mental and emotional sophistication of prehistoric humans?

Discovery of Homo floresiensis has changed earlier understanding of human evolution because

Foraging produces cultures that are

One innovation that all foraging cultures appear to have lacked is

Homo sapiens have been around since

The diets of Ice Age peoples were

Which of these is NOT a current interpretation of the Venus of Willendorf?

What changes came for human communities with the end of the Ice Age? How did these changes lay the groundwork for further change?

During the Ice Age,cave art was used

Out of the Mud: Farming and Herding after the Ice Age

The Great River Valleys: Accelerating Change and Developing States

A Succession of Civilizations: Ambition and Instability

Rebuilding the World: Recoveries, New Initiatives, and Their Limits

The Great Schools

Postimperial Worlds: Problems of Empires in Eurasia and Africa, ca. 200 C.E. to ca. 700 C.E.

Remaking the World: Innovation and Renewal on Environmental Frontiers in the Late First Millennium

Contending with Isolation: ca. 1000–1200

The Nomadic Frontiers: The Islamic World, Byzantium, and China ca. 1000–1200

Contending with Isolation: ca. 1000–1200

The Nomadic Frontiers: The Islamic World, Byzantium, and China ca. 1000–1200

The World the Mongols Made

The Revenge of Nature: Plague, Cold, and the Limits of Disaster in the Fourteenth Century

Expanding Worlds: Recovery in the Late Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries

Imperial Arenas: New Empires in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries

The Ecological Revolution of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries

Mental Revolutions: Religion and Science in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries

States and Societies: Political and Social Change in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries

Driven by Growth: The Global Economy in the Eighteenth Century

The Age of Global Interaction: Expansion and Intersection of Eighteenth-Century Empires

The Exchange of Enlightenments: Eighteenth-Century Thought

Replacing Muscle: The Energy Revolutions

The Social Mold: Work and Society in the Nineteenth Century

Western Dominance in the Nineteenth Century: The Westward Shift of Power and the Rise of Global Empires

The Changing State: Political Developments in the Nineteenth Century

The Twentieth-Century Mind: Western Science and the World

World Order and Disorder: Global Politics in the Twentieth

The Pursuit of Utopia: Civil Society in the Twentieth Century

The Embattled Biosphere: The Twentieth-Century Environment

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