Exam 7: Attitudes, Beliefs, and Consistency

Research in social cognition has more or less suggested that evaluation is part of perception.

Which of the following statements is most accurate?

Attitude polarization refers to the finding that ____.

Jeanne believes that her son is a genius. He takes multiple difference IQ tests and scores below average. He performs poorly in school and shows little creativity at home. He does not excel at anything he does. Yet Jeanne continues to belief in his superior intellect. Jeanne is illustrating belief perseverance.

Early research on classical conditioning was performed with dogs. In certain variations of this research, experimenters repeatedly presented dogs with meat powder just after ringing a bell. The dogs (who would naturally salivate after being exposed to meat powder)learned to associate the bell with the meat powder, and began to salivate as soon as they heard the bell. In this research, the dogs' salivation was ____.

Which behavior best summarizes the text's conclusion about attitude-behavior consistency?

Explain the potential benefits and costs of holding strong religious beliefs.

Much research has demonstrated a weak link between (a)what people say their attitudes are, and (b)how they actually behave. According to the text, one of the key reasons that this relationship is so weak, however, is the fact that researchers have often ____.

Which of the following is the best example of social learning?

Early research on classical conditioning was performed with dogs. In certain variations of this research, experimenters repeatedly presented dogs with meat powder just after ringing a bell. The dogs (who would naturally salivate after being exposed to meat powder)learned to associate the bell with the meat powder, and began to salivate as soon as they heard the bell. In this research, the bell served as a(n)____.

Suppose that Dylan has a new girlfriend whom he really likes. He programs his cell phone so that every time his new girlfriend calls, his phone plays the new Justin Timberlake single. After he has had his phone programmed this way for a little while, he notices that he feels happy whenever he hears the Justin Timberlake song. This most clearly illustrates ____.

Distinguish between classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and social learning. How do they work and how do they differ from one another?

Briefly discuss the research on cognitive coping. When people experience traumas, what sorts of cognitive responses are likely to be most helpful in promoting recovery?

Which of the following is the best example of the mere exposure effect?

Research suggests that learning via classical conditioning is unique to humans (and that other animals cannot learn this way).

According to the text, the drive for consistency is ____.

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate regarding how people form evaluations of other people and of other stimuli?

The mere exposure effect refers to the tendency for people to ____.

Research indicates that students who enter college knowing their likes and dislikes on academically relevant issues tend to experience better physical and mental health in the college setting than do other students.

Suppose that Anandi was mugged at gunpoint and that is was an extremely traumatic experience. Which of the following cognitive reactions is MOST likely to help her recover?